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Conversions to MLIR EmitC

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# MLIR-EmitC

![Build and test](https://github.com/iml130/mlir-emitc/workflows/Build%20and%20test/badge.svg)

> [!WARNING]
> The code provided in this repository is no longer maintained and superseded by code available in upstream MLIR.

> [!NOTE]  
> We encourage to use upstream MLIR lowering passes instead of the TOSA and StableHLO to EmitC conversions provided here.
> Lowering via multiple dialects and hence using different abstraction levels, allows to reuse different optimization passes.
> Furthermore, the generated C and C++ code depends on the standard libraries without requiring additional header files, whereas code generated with the the conversions in this repositories requires a header-only reference implementation.
> For missing features, we highly encourage to consider extending the upstream dialect and conversions.

MLIR-EmitC provides a way to translate ML models into C++ code. The repository
contains scripts and tools to translate Keras and TensorFlow models into the
[TOSA](https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/TOSA/) and
[StableHLO](https://github.com/openxla/stablehlo/) dialect and to convert those to
[EmitC](https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/EmitC/).
The latter is used to generate calls to a reference implementation.

**The [EmitC](https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/EmitC/) dialect itself, as well as the C++ emitter, are part of MLIR core and are no longer provided via this repository.**

The initial EmitC dialect and C++ emitter checked into this repository were forked from https://reviews.llvm.org/D76571.

**DISCLAIMER:** This is a research project and not intended for everyday use. The code is made available without any support. However, we welcome any kind of feedback via the issue tracker.

## Getting Started
### Clone

```shell
git clone https://github.com/iml130/mlir-emitc.git
cd mlir-emitc
git submodule update --init
```

### Build and Run

There are two variants to build EmitC: As part of an LLVM/MLIR build (via the LLVM external projects mechanism) and against a pre-built LLVM/MLIR.

#### Building with pre-built LLVM/MLIR

The setup assumes that you have built LLVM and MLIR in `$BUILD_DIR` and installed them to `$PREFIX`. You can use the [`build_tools/build_mlir.sh`](https://github.com/iml130/mlir-emitc/blob/main/build_tools/build_mlir.sh) shell script to configure, build and install LLVM and MLIR.

**Note**: The hash of the latest tested LLVM version is given in [`build_tools/llvm_version.txt`](https://github.com/iml130/mlir-emitc/blob/main/build_tools/llvm_version.txt). Since MLIR evolves fast, it is possible that EmitC fails to build with a newer LLVM.

To build and launch the tests, run
```shell
mkdir build && cd build
cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ .. -DMLIR_DIR=$PREFIX/lib/cmake/mlir -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_LIT=$BUILD_DIR/bin/llvm-lit
cmake --build . --target check-emitc
```

**Note**: If you don't use `build_tools/build_mlir.sh`, make sure to pass `-DLLVM_INSTALL_UTILS=ON` when building LLVM with CMake in order to install `FileCheck` to the chosen installation prefix.

To additionally build and execute the unittests, run
```shell
cmake --build . --target MLIREmitCTests
./reference-implementation/unittests/MLIREmitCTests
```

#### Bulding as part of an LLVM/MLIR build

MLIR-EmitC can also be built as part of an LLVM/MLIR build, using the `LLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS` mechanism (see https://llvm.org/docs/CMake.html).

To build and launch the tests, run
```shell
mkdir build && cd build
cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DEMITC_ENABLE_HLO=OFF -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=mlir -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS="mlir-emitc" -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_MLIR_EMITC_SOURCE_DIR=`realpath ../` -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD=host ${ROOT_PATH_TO_llvm-project}/llvm
cmake --build . --target check-emitc
```

## Supported Conversions and Translations

Conversions are supported for [StableHLO](https://github.com/openxla/stablehlo/) ops and some ops of the arith and Tensor dialect.
In addition, support for converting Tensor Operator Set Architecture [(TOSA)](https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/TOSA/) dialect to EmitC is emerging.
The `emitc-opt` tool supports the following options:

The currently supported StableHLO ops are listed in the [docs/stablehlo-op-coverage.md](docs/stablehlo-op-coverage.md) document.
Supported TOSA ops are listed in the [docs/tosa-op-coverage.md](docs/tosa-op-coverage.md) document.

After converting to EmitC dialect, C++ code can be emitted using `emitc-translate --mlir-to-cpp`.
Furthermore, `emitc-translate` has specific support to emit code with variables declared at top using `--mlir-to-cpp --declare-variables-at-top`.

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