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TMBASIC — Programming language for writing non-graphical programs

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# TMBASIC

<a href="https://tmbasic.com/screenshot.png"><img src="https://tmbasic.com/screenshot.png" alt="Screenshot" class="screenshot" width="500"></a>

TMBASIC is a [programming language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language) for writing [non-graphical programs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_application).
The modern BASIC language is easy for beginners to learn.
Experienced programmers will find it familiar and productive after a brief glance at the [cheat sheet](https://tmbasic.com/cheat.html).

TMBASIC is under development. Stay tuned!

- [Documentation](https://tmbasic.com/doc.html) 
- [Cheat Sheet for Experienced Programmers](https://tmbasic.com/cheat.html)

## It's easy!

**Easy to learn** &mdash; The BASIC language will feel familiar to anyone with programming experience. New programmers will enjoy a cohesive, batteries-included learning experience. Everything you need to develop and distribute sophisticated apps is included in TMBASIC.

**Easy to write** &mdash; Developing a high-quality modern GUI requires professional-level expertise. Text-based apps have few options for visual effects, and even a novice can produce quality results.

**Easy to share** &mdash; TMBASIC apps are standalone executables that require no external library files. They can be copied and opened without installation. TMBASIC can [cross-compile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_compiler) native executables targeting Windows, macOS, and Linux.

## A taste of TMBASIC

<pre class="taste">
dim a as Number
dim b as String
dim c as Boolean
dim d = 1.2345
dim e = "hello world!"
dim f = true
</pre>

Declare variables with `dim`, providing either an explicit type or an initial value.
The simple types are:

- `Number` &mdash; [128-bit decimal floating-point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal128_floating-point_format)
- `String` &mdash; [UTF-8 text](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8)
- `Boolean` &mdash; `true` or `false`

<pre class="taste">
dim myList = [1, 2, 3]
dim combinedList = myList + [4, 5, 6] + 7 
dim myMap as Map from Number to String
myMap(123) = "hello"
print ContainsKey(myMap, 123) ' true 
dim set mySet
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i = 1 to 100 step 2
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;yield i
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;next
end dim
</pre>

The collection types are:

- `List of T` &mdash; An ordered array of values of type `T`. List indices start at zero.
- `Map from T1 to T2` &mdash; A dictionary with keys of type `T1` and values of type `T2`.
- `Set of T` &mdash; A group of unique values of type `T`.

Use `dim list`, `dim map`, and `dim set` to build collections efficiently.
Each `yield` statement adds an element to the collection.

These collection types are [generic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic_programming), but you can't define your own generic types.

<pre class="taste">
dim d = DateFromParts(2021, 3, 12)
dim dt = DateTimeFromParts(2021, 3, 12, 4, 30, 0, 0)
dim tz = TimeZoneFromName("America/New_York")
dim offsets = UtcOffsets(dt, tz)
dim dto = DateTimeOffsetFromParts(2021, 3, 12, 4, 30, 0, 0, offsets(0))
</pre>

The date and time types are:

- `Date` &mdash; A day without a time.
- `DateTime` &mdash; A date and local time without any time zone.
- `DateTimeOffset` &mdash; A date and local time with the time zone offset from UTC.
- `TimeSpan` &mdash; A duration of time.
- `TimeZone` &mdash; A time zone defined by the IANA.

<pre class="taste">
type ExampleRecord
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;foo as Number
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bar as String
end type 
dim myAnonymousRecord1 as Record (foo as Number, bar as String)
dim myAnonymousRecord2 = { foo: 100, bar: "hello" }
dim myNamedRecord = myAnonymousRecord2 as ExampleRecord
</pre>

Both anonymous and named record types are supported.
The literal syntax for anonymous records resembles JavaScript.
Anonymous records can be converted to named records with the `as` operator.

<pre class="taste">
dim a = { foo: 1, bar: 2 }
dim b = a ' makes a copy
b.foo = 999 ' a.foo is still 1
</pre>

All types, including records and collections, have [value semantics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_semantics).
There are no [references or pointers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_(computer_programming)).
Assigning to a variable or passing to a function always makes a copy of the value.

<pre class="taste">
sub Main()
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print Squared(5)
end sub 
function Squared(x as Number) as Number
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return x * x
end function
</pre>

Programs are broken down into functions and subroutines.
A function returns a value to its caller. A subroutine does not return anything.
Program execution begins in the `Main` subroutine.

## Compatibility

<table><tr><td>Windows Vista or newer</td><td>64-bit &bull; 32-bit</td></tr>
<tr><td>macOS 10.13 or newer</td><td>Intel &bull; Apple Silicon</td></tr>
<tr><td>Linux 2.6.39 or newer</td><td>64-bit &bull; 32-bit &bull; ARM64 &bull; ARM32</td></tr>
<tr><td>iOS</td><td><a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/ish-shell/id1436902243">iSH Shell</a> (Linux 32-bit)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Android</td><td><a href="https://termux.com/">Termux</a> (Linux ARM64)</td></tr></table>

</div>

## License
TMBASIC is [open source software](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) that is available free of charge. TMBASIC builds your programs using many open source components. [See a list of components here](https://github.com/tmbasic/tmbasic/blob/master/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.md). These components have permissive and commercial-friendly licenses that you must obey when you publish your programs written in TMBASIC. When you build your program, TMBASIC produces a `LICENSE.txt` file for your convenience. Include this license file when sharing your TMBASIC apps.

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