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Type checked partial references for rust

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# partial_ref - Type checked partial references.

[![crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/partial_ref.svg)](https://crates.io/crates/partial_ref)
[![docs.rs](https://docs.rs/partial_ref/badge.svg)](https://docs.rs/partial_ref)
![](https://img.shields.io/crates/l/partial_ref.svg)

This crate provides type checked partial references for rust. Type checked
partial references are one solution to solve
[interprocedural borrowing conflicts][interprocedural-conflicts].

## Soundness Issues

Previous versions had a potential soundness issue regarding internal address
computations. This was not clear at the time I wrote the first version. Later
it became clear, but there was no viable alternative, so I added a warning to
this readme. Now with [`addr_of`] and [`addr_of_mut`] being stabilized since
Rust 1.51, I updated the implementation to avoid this issue.

[`addr_of`]:https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/macro.addr_of.html
[`addr_of_mut`]:https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/macro.addr_of_mut.html

## Deprecation

I wrote this library for its use in [Varisat]. After making extensive use of
this, I am not convinced that overall this is a good approach to solve
interprocedural borrowing conflict issues. In particular I think the
implementation is way too complex for the functionality it provides.

I am currently working on a new version of this library that implements the
same essential idea using a slightly simpler API and a much simpler
implementation. In general I would recommend trying alternative workarounds to
avoid interprocedural borrowing conflicts, but if you come to the conclusion
that partial references are the best solution for your use case, my advice
would be to wait for the new version of this library to be released.

[varisat]: https://crates.io/crates/varisat

## Example

```rust
use partial_ref::*;

part!(pub Neighbors: Vec<Vec<usize>>);
part!(pub Colors: Vec<usize>);
part!(pub Weights: Vec<f32>);

#[derive(PartialRefTarget, Default)]
pub struct Graph {
    #[part(Neighbors)]
    pub neighbors: Vec<Vec<usize>>,
    #[part(Colors)]
    pub colors: Vec<usize>,
    #[part(Weights)]
    pub weights: Vec<f32>,
}

let mut g = Graph::default();
let mut g_ref = g.into_partial_ref_mut();

g_ref.part_mut(Colors).extend(&[0, 1, 0]);
g_ref.part_mut(Weights).extend(&[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]);

g_ref.part_mut(Neighbors).push(vec![1, 2]);
g_ref.part_mut(Neighbors).push(vec![0, 2]);
g_ref.part_mut(Neighbors).push(vec![0, 1]);

pub fn add_color_to_weight(
    mut g: partial!(Graph, mut Weights, Colors),
    index: usize,
) {
    g.part_mut(Weights)[index] += g.part(Colors)[index] as f32;
}

let (neighbors, mut g_ref) = g_ref.split_part_mut(Neighbors);
let (colors, mut g_ref) = g_ref.split_part(Colors);

for (edges, &color) in neighbors.iter_mut().zip(colors.iter()) {
    edges.retain(|&neighbor| colors[neighbor] != color);

for &neighbor in edges.iter() {
        add_color_to_weight(g_ref.borrow(), neighbor);
    }
}
```

## Documentation

* [Reference and Tutorial][docs]

## License

The partial_ref source code is licensed under either of

* Apache License, Version 2.0
    ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
  * MIT license
    ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)

at your option.

### Contribution

Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
for inclusion in partial_ref by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license,
shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.

[docs]:https://docs.rs/partial_ref
[interprocedural-conflicts]:http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2018/11/01/after-nll-interprocedural-conflicts/

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