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MathJax-demos-node

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A repository with examples using mathjax-v3 in NodeJS

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# [MathJax-demos-node](https://github.com/mathjax/MathJax-demos-node)
<img class="shield" alt="GitHub release version" src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/mathjax/MathJax-demos-node.svg?sort=semver">

A repository with examples using [MathJax version 4](https://github.com/mathjax/MathJax-src) in node applications.

See the [MathJax Web
Demos](https://github.com/mathjax/MathJax-demos-web) for examples of
how to use MathJax in web pages.  See the [MathJax
documentation](https://docs.mathjax.org/) for complete details of how
to use MathJax in web browsers and node.  In particular, the [Examples
in Node](https://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/server/examples.html) page
contains a list of the most important examples for node applications;
the [Examples in a
Browser](https://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/web/examples.html) page
lists other examples that may be useful; though they target web pages,
the same techniques can be employed in node.

## The Example files

This repository contains a number of examples of command-line tools
that exhibit the features of MathJax.  The tools provide a number of
command-line options, which you can discover by using the `--help`
option when running them.  Most of the examples include the ability to
generate speech strings for the output, for example, via the
`--speech` or ``--braille` options, and the language can be specified
using `--sre locale de`, for example to get a German localization.

The tools accept one or more mathematical expressions as their
arguments, or you can use the `--file` option to specify an HTML file
that will be processed in full.  If you don't give a file name, then
the file is taken from standard input.  Similarly, if you don't give
any expressions, then they are taken from standard in, with a blank
line separating expressions.

The tools come in two forms, one using ESM modules in the [`mjs`](mjs)
directory, and one using CommonJS modules in the [`cjs`](cjs) folder,
so you can see examples of both types.  These directories are further
subdivided into groups based on the mechanism by which MathJax is
used: [`simple`](mjs/simple) uses a node-only mechanism that makes it
easy to start experimenting with MathJax, but can't be used in web
applications; [`component`](mjs/component) uses the MathJax Component
framework to access MathJax's components via a configuration object
like the one used in web browsers; [`direct`](mjs/direct) uses direct
calls to the MathJax modules, without using MathJax components (so
dynamic loading of TeX extensions is not supported for example); and
finally, [`mixed`](mjs/mixed) combines direct calls with MathJax
Components for the best of both worlds.

All four groups include examples of conversion from the various input
formats to the various output formats, and include the following
executables:

* `tex2chtml`
* `tex2svg`
* `tex2mml`
* `mml2chtml`
* `mml2mml`
* `mml2svg`
* `am2chtml`
* `am2mml`
* `am2svg`
* `typeset`

The first nine convert from the format listed before the `2` to the
format listed after it, and represent all combinations of the three
input formats with three output formats.  The `mml2mml` example is
useful for reformatting a MathML string, or for converting it to use
the Mathematical Alphanumerics block of Unicode characters rather than
`mathvariant` attributes with ASCII characters, as required by
MathML-Core, for instance.

The `typeset` tool allows you to convert from any input format to any
output format, so is a "swiss army knife" example that gives you
access to all the options within a common command.

Use the `--help` option to get a list of all the possible options for
each tool.

The [`custom-tex-extension`](custom-tex-extension) directory contains
an example of how to create your own custom TeX extension and load it
as a component.  See that directory for more details.

The [`puppeteer`](puppeteer) directory contains an example of how to
call the
[Puppeteer](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/puppeteer) library
to use a headless Chrome instance to do server-side conversion of
mathematics using MathJax.  This is useful in situations where you are
using characters that are not included in the main MathJax fonts, or
including HTML within TeX or MathML expressions, as Chrome will be
able to measure the sizes of these so that they can be displayed more
reliably.

Finally, the [`jsdom`](jsdom) and [`linkedom`](linkedom) directories
include examples of how to use those DOM libraries instead of
MathJax's usual `LiteDOM` library as a replacement for the browser
DOM.

## The Utility Libraries

The tools in the `mjs` and `cjs` directories share a lot of common
code, and that shared code has been moved to separate utility files in
the [`util`](mjs/util) sub-directories of those directories.  There is
one for each of the input and output formats (the `Mml.js` file
contains the code for both input and output in MathML format), and a
main `Util.js` file that holds code common to all the tools.  The
`Direct.js` and `Mixed.js` utilities have code specific to those
mechanisms of accessing MathJax, and the `Typeset.js` file handles the
special needs of the `typeset` tool.

These utilities form the heart of the command-line tools, and it is in
them that you will see the real details of how to work with MathJax;
the individual tool files basically just load the needed libraries or
MathJax modules, set up the configuration needed, and call the utility
libraries to handle the details or getting the command-line arguments,
setting up the needed configuration options, converting the expression
or files, filtering the results according to the options given, and
printing the results.

## Installation

In order to try out these examples, clone this repository, enter the
directory, and install the dependencies:

``` bash
git clone https://github.com/mathjax/MathJax-demos-node.git MathJax-demos-node
cd MathJax-demos-node
npm install
```

To run the tools, cd to the directory containing the tools and use

```
node <example-name> [options] [expressions...]
```

where `<example-name>` is the name of the example file, like
`tex2svg`.  Use the `--help` options to get more details about the
options and arguments that each tool needs.

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