create-github-app-token-aws-kms

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create-github-app-token-aws-kms

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GitHub Action for creating a GitHub App installation access token using AWS KMS for JWT signing.

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# Create GitHub App Token (AWS KMS)

[![CI](https://github.com/konippi/create-github-app-token-aws-kms/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/konippi/create-github-app-token-aws-kms/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)

GitHub Action for creating a GitHub App installation access token using AWS KMS for JWT signing.

Once imported into KMS, the private key never leaves the HSM boundary at runtime — JWT signing is delegated to the KMS `Sign` API, eliminating the need to store private keys in GitHub Secrets. This follows [GitHub's official recommendation](https://docs.github.com/en/apps/creating-github-apps/authenticating-with-a-github-app/managing-private-keys-for-github-apps#storing-private-keys) to store private keys in a key management service and use runtime signing.

## How it works

```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
    participant WF as Workflow
    participant STS as AWS STS
    participant Action as This Action
    participant KMS as AWS KMS
    participant GH as GitHub API

WF->>STS: 1. configure-aws-credentials (OIDC)
    STS-->>WF: Temporary credentials (env vars)
    WF->>Action: 2. Run action
    Action->>KMS: 3. Sign(JWT signing input)
    KMS-->>Action: 4. Signature bytes
    Action->>Action: 5. Assemble JWT
    Action->>GH: 6. JWT → Installation access token
    GH-->>Action: 7. Scoped access token
    Action->>WF: 8. Output token
    Note over Action,GH: Post step
    Action->>GH: 9. Revoke token
```

## Usage

> [!IMPORTANT]
> This action requires **at least one `permission-*` input**. Unlike `actions/create-github-app-token`, permissions are not optional — this enforces least-privilege by design.

### Basic usage (current repository)

```yaml
permissions:
  id-token: write
  contents: read

steps:
  - uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@7474bc4690e29a8392af63c5b98e7449536d5c3a # v4.3.1
    with:
      role-to-assume: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/github-app-token-signer
      aws-region: ap-northeast-1
      role-duration-seconds: 900 # Minimum 15 min — this action only needs KMS for a few seconds

- uses: konippi/create-github-app-token-aws-kms@eb864f78285e18e84befd731e09fcc6e3fb7a4db # v1
    id: app-token
    with:
      app-id: ${{ vars.APP_ID }}
      kms-key-id: ${{ vars.KMS_KEY_ID }}
      permission-contents: read

- uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6
    with:
      token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
```

### Token for specific repositories

```yaml
  - uses: konippi/create-github-app-token-aws-kms@eb864f78285e18e84befd731e09fcc6e3fb7a4db # v1
    id: app-token
    with:
      app-id: ${{ vars.APP_ID }}
      kms-key-id: ${{ vars.KMS_KEY_ID }}
      owner: my-org
      repositories: |
        repo-a
        repo-b
      permission-contents: read
      permission-pull-requests: write
```

### Token for all repositories in an organization

```yaml
  - uses: konippi/create-github-app-token-aws-kms@eb864f78285e18e84befd731e09fcc6e3fb7a4db # v1
    id: app-token
    with:
      app-id: ${{ vars.APP_ID }}
      kms-key-id: ${{ vars.KMS_KEY_ID }}
      owner: my-org
      permission-contents: read
```

## Inputs

| Input | Required | Description |
|-------|----------|-------------|
| `app-id` | Yes | GitHub App ID |
| `kms-key-id` | Yes | AWS KMS key ID, key ARN, alias name (`alias/...`), or alias ARN |
| `owner` | No | GitHub App installation owner. Defaults to current repository owner |
| `repositories` | No | Comma or newline-separated list of repositories. Defaults to current repository |
| `permission-*` | **At least one** | Permission scoping (e.g., `permission-contents: read`). See [Permissions](#permissions) |
| `skip-token-revoke` | No | If `true`, the token will not be revoked when the job completes. Default: `false` |
| `github-api-url` | No | GitHub REST API URL. Default: `${{ github.api_url }}` |

### Permissions

At least one `permission-<name>` input must be set. Available permissions:

`permission-actions`, `permission-administration`, `permission-checks`, `permission-contents`, `permission-deployments`, `permission-environments`, `permission-issues`, `permission-members`, `permission-metadata`, `permission-packages`, `permission-pages`, `permission-pull-requests`, `permission-repository-hooks`, `permission-secret-scanning-alerts`, `permission-secrets`, `permission-security-events`, `permission-statuses`, `permission-vulnerability-alerts`, `permission-workflows`

Values: `read`, `write`, or `admin` (where applicable).

## Outputs

| Output | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| `token` | GitHub installation access token |
| `installation-id` | GitHub App installation ID |
| `app-slug` | GitHub App slug |

## AWS Setup

This action requires three AWS resources. If you already have an IAM OIDC Provider for GitHub Actions, you only need two.

### 1. IAM OIDC Provider

Skip if you already have one for `token.actions.githubusercontent.com`.

```bash
aws iam create-open-id-connect-provider \
  --url https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com \
  --client-id-list sts.amazonaws.com
```

### 2. KMS Key

Create an RSA 2048 key with `EXTERNAL` origin (so you can import your own key material):

```bash
aws kms create-key \
  --key-spec RSA_2048 \
  --key-usage SIGN_VERIFY \
  --origin EXTERNAL \
  --description "GitHub App JWT signing key"
```

Then import your GitHub App private key into this KMS key. The key material must be in PKCS#8 DER binary format:

```bash
# Convert GitHub App PEM to PKCS#8 DER
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -outform DER -in github-app-private-key.pem -out private-key.der -nocrypt
```

Then wrap and import the key material. See [AWS docs on importing key material](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/importing-keys.html) and [Migrating asymmetric keys to AWS KMS](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/how-to-migrate-asymmetric-keys-from-cloudhsm-to-aws-kms/) for detailed steps.

> [!NOTE]
> `--origin EXTERNAL` is required to import your own key material. Without it, KMS generates key material automatically and import is not possible. Asymmetric key import has been supported since [June 2023](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2023/06/aws-kms-importing-asymmetric-hmac-keys).
>
> After a successful import, securely delete the local PEM file — KMS will never export the private key in plaintext.

Attach a key policy that allows only `kms:Sign` with the specific algorithm:

```json
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "AllowSignOnly",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Principal": {
        "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/github-app-token-signer"
      },
      "Action": "kms:Sign",
      "Resource": "*",
      "Condition": {
        "StringEquals": {
          "kms:SigningAlgorithm": "RSASSA_PKCS1_V1_5_SHA_256"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

### 3. IAM Role + Trust Policy

Create an IAM role with a trust policy that uses [provider-specific OIDC claims](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2026/01/aws-sts-supports-validation-identity-provider-claims) (available since January 2026):

```json
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Principal": {
        "Federated": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:oidc-provider/token.actions.githubusercontent.com"
      },
      "Action": "sts:AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity",
      "Condition": {
        "StringEquals": {
          "token.actions.githubusercontent.com:aud": "sts.amazonaws.com",
          "token.actions.githubusercontent.com:repository_id": "YOUR_REPO_ID",
          "token.actions.githubusercontent.com:job_workflow_ref": "your-org/your-repo/.github/workflows/deploy.yml@refs/heads/main"
        },
        "StringLike": {
          "token.actions.githubusercontent.com:sub": "repo:your-org/your-repo:*"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

> [!TIP]
> Use `repository_id` (immutable numeric ID) instead of `repository` (name can be renamed). Get your repo ID with: `gh api repos/{owner}/{repo} --jq .id`

## Fallback

If AWS KMS is unavailable (regional outage, service disruption), you can temporarily switch to [actions/create-github-app-token](https://github.com/actions/create-github-app-token) with the private key stored in GitHub Secrets. This lowers the security posture but prevents CI/CD from being completely blocked.

## License

[MIT](LICENSE)

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