go-template-docx

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go-template-docx

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Template engine for docx documents, with tables, images, loops, charts support and more

// repository documentation

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[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/JJJJJJack/go-template-docx.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/JJJJJJack/go-template-docx)

`go get github.com/JJJJJJack/go-template-docx`

⭐ Please consider supporting by starring the repo ⭐

# Notes

```diff
! the `“/"` problem: if you have issues with using template expressions with constant values passed inline check that you are not using the default double quotes for word `“` or `”` instead of using the ascii double quote `"`, this breaks the golang template library making it unable to take arguments
```

go-template-docx is based on the golang template standard library, thus it inherits its templating syntax to parse tokens inside the docx file.
The library doesn't change the original files and only reads it into memory to output a new file with the provided template values.

- supports go1.18+
- based on the golang template library syntaxes with features such as:
- supports adding your own custom template functions
- supports text styling
- supports images (png|jpg)
- supports embedded charts templating
- supports tables templating
- supports shapes
- supports preserving text formatting (color, bold, italic, font size, etc...) when replacing text
- more...

# Released executable usage

```
Usage: template_docx_os_arch.exe <file.docx> <values.json> [<values2.json> ...]

The output files will have the filename of the json file they are generated from (values.docx, values2.docx ...)

optional flags:

-h, --help: show this help message and exit

--version: show go-template-docx version and exit

--verbose: enable verbose error messages

-i <image.jpg|png>: load an image from disk
(you can use multiple -i flags, make sure the filenames are unique)
```

# Template functions list

- `inlineStyledText(text string, styles ...interface{})`: applies multiple styles to the given text, the styles parameter must be a variadic list of strings, each string is a style to apply, see the styles list below
  - example: `{{inlineStyledText .Text "b" "i" "fs:14" "bg:#C0FFEE" "#FF0000"}}` to apply bold, italic, 14pt font size, a light blue background color and make the text red 
- `styledText(text string, styles []interface{})`: applies multiple styles to the given text, the styles parameter must be a slice of strings, each string is a style to apply, see the styles list below
  - example: `{{styledText .Text (list "b" "i" "fs:14" "bg:#C0FFEE" "#FF0000")}}` to apply bold, italic, 14pt font size, a light blue background color and make the text red, you can use this function with a golang slice variable too like so `{{styledText .Text .BoldItalicFontSize14ptBgCyanTextRedStyle}}`
    - `b` | `bold`
    - `i` | `italic`
    - `u` | `underline`
    - `s` | `strike` | `strikethrough`
    - `fontSize:<size>` | `fs:<size>` where `<size>` is the font size in points (e.g. for 12pt font size use `fontsize:12` or `fs:12`)
    - `#RRGGBB` or `RRGGBB` to apply a color to the text
    - `<highlightColor>` to apply a highlight color to the text, color string are defined here https://c-rex.net/samples/ooxml/e1/Part4/OOXML_P4_DOCX_ST_HighlightColor_topic_ID0E4PY2.html
- `bold(s string)`
  - `{{bold .Text}}`
- `italic(s string)`
  - `{{italic .Text}}`
- `underline(s string)`
  - `{{underline .Text}}`
- `strike(s string)`
  - `{{strike .Text}}`
- `fontSize(s string, size int)`
  - `{{fontSize .Text 14}}` to apply 14pt font size to the text
- `color(s string, hex string)`: applies a color to the given text, hex string must be in the format `RRGGBB` or `#RRGGBB`
  - `{{color .Text "FF0000"}}` to apply red color to the text
- `highlight(s string, color string)`: applies a highlight color to the given text, color string are defined here https://c-rex.net/samples/ooxml/e1/Part4/OOXML_P4_DOCX_ST_HighlightColor_topic_ID0E4PY2.html
  - `{{highlight .Text "yellow"}}` to apply yellow highlight to the text
- `shadeTextBg(s string, hex string)`: applies a background color to the given text, hex string must be in the format `RRGGBB` or `#RRGGBB`
  - `{{shadeTextBg .Text .ColorHex}}`
- `list(v ...interface{}) []interface{}`: creates a slice of interface{} from the variadic parameters, useful to pass a slice to the `styledText` function
  - `{{list "b" "i" "fs:14" "bg:#C0FFEE" "#FF0000"}}`
- `image(filename string)`: keeps original aspect ratio, the filename parameter looks for an equal loaded `Media`'s filename
  - `{{image .ImageFilename}}`
- `replaceImage(filename string)`: the filename parameter looks for an equal loaded `Media`'s filename, it replaces the image inside a `<w:drawing>...</w:drawing>` block, useful to keep the image size and position
  - `{{replaceImage .ImageFilename}}` inside the `alt-text` of the image to replace
- `preserveNewline(text string)`: newlines are treated as `SHIFT + ENTER` input, thus keeping the text in the same paragraph.
  - `{{preserveNewline .TextWithNewlines}}`
- `breakParagraph(text string)`: newlines are treated as `ENTER` input, thus creating a new paragraph for the sequent line.
  - `{{breakParagraph .TextWithNewlines}}`
- `shapeBgFillColor(hex string)`: changes the shape's background fill color, hex string must be in the format `RRGGBB` or `#RRGGBB`
  - `{{shapeBgFillColor .ShapeBgHex}}` inside the shape's alt-text
- `toNumberCell(v any)`: (for excel sheets, like charts) sets the cell type to number, useful to make charts work properly, v can be any type that can be converted to a float64
  - `{{toNumberCell .Number}}` inside the cell text
- `tableCellBgColor(hex string)`: changes the table cell background fill color, hex string must be in the format `RRGGBB` or `#RRGGBB`
  - `{{tableCellBgColor .TableCellBgHex}}` inside the table cell text

# Usage

First you need to create an instance of the object to load the docx file in and get the high-level APIs, you have 2 options to do so:

```go
docxTemplate, err := gotemplatedocx.NewDocxTemplateFromBytes(docxBytes)
if err != nil {
  // handle error
}
```

```go
docxTemplate, err := gotemplatedocx.NewDocxTemplateFromFilename(docxFilename)
if err != nil {
  // handle error
}
```

after obtaining the `docxTemplate` object it exposes the methods to create a new docx file based on the original templated one, let's walk through the usage for each one

> every function is provided with a Godoc comment, you can find all the exposed APIs in the `go_template_docx.go` file

## 1. Loading Media (PNG, JPG only for now...)

```go
myImagePngBytes, _ := os.ReadFile("myimage.png")
docxTemplate.Media("myimagealias.png", myImagePngBytes)
```

## 2. Adding your custom template functions
```go
docxTemplate.AddTemplateFuncs("appendHeart", func(s string) string {
  return s + " <3"
})
```
> now you can use `{{appendHeart .Text}}` in the docx template to append a heart to the value of `Text`, note that this is one of many possible function prototypes that template.FuncMap supports, full doc on https://pkg.go.dev/text/template#FuncMap

## 3. Applying the template values

> here the `templateValues` variable could be any json marshallable value, the struct fields will be used as keys in the docx to search to access the value

```go
err := docxTemplate.Apply(templateValues)
if err != nil {
  // handle error
}
```

## 4. Saving the new docx as new file

```go
err := docxTemplate.Save(outputFilename)
if err != nil {
  // handle error
}
```

## 5. Read back bytes from new docx

```go
output := docxTemplate.Bytes()
```

Enjoy programmatically templating docx files from golang!

# Docx template instructions examples

Let's say we have this json value as our `templateValues` variable:

```json
{
  "Title": "Asset Report",
  "Description": "Asset Report Description",
  "Table": [
    {
      "Title": "Try1",
      "Text": "Text1",
      "Icon": "computer.png"
    },
    {
      "Title": "Try2",
      "Text": "Text2",
      "Icon": "ap.png"
    },
    {
      "Title": "Try3",
      "Text": "Text3",
      "Icon": "windows.png"
    }
  ],
  "ClustCol": [
    { "Label": "Cat1", "Value": 111.11 },
    { "Label": "Cat2", "Value": 222 },
    { "Label": "Cat3", "Value": 333.33 },
    { "Label": "Cat4", "Value": 444 }
  ],
  "Pie": {
    "CriticalSum": 10,
    "HighSum": 20,
    "MediumSum": 30,
    "LowSum": 40
  }
}
```

or its Go struct equivalent:

```go
type TableRow struct {
		Title string
		Text  string
		Icon  string
}
type ClustColRow struct {
  Label string
  Value float64
}
type PieChartData struct {
  CriticalSum int
  HighSum     int
  MediumSum   int
  LowSum      int
}
type TemplateValues struct {
  A           string // returns errors if is used in template but not defined here
  Title       string
  Description string
  Table       []TableRow
  ClustCol    []ClustColRow
  Pie         PieChartData
}

templateValues = TemplateValues{
  A:           "test2",
  Title:       "Asset Report",
  Description: "Asset Report Description",
  Table: []TableRow{
    {
      Title: "Try1",
      Text:  "Text1",
      Icon:  "computer.png",
    },
    {
      Title: "Try2",
      Text:  "Text2",
      Icon:  "ap.png",
    },
    {
      Title: "Try3",
      Text:  "Text3",
      Icon:  "windows.png",
    },
  },
  ClustCol: []ClustColRow{
    {Label: "Cat1", Value: 111.11},
    {Label: "Cat2", Value: 222},
    {Label: "Cat3", Value: 333.33},
    {Label: "Cat4", Value: 444},
  },
  Pie: PieChartData{
    CriticalSum: 10,
    HighSum:     20,
    MediumSum:   30,
    LowSum:      40,
  },
}
```
> both are evaluated in the same way by the template, except for the `A` field that needs to be present in the struct to not return errors in the template, these value types covers most of the common use cases

and this is the templated docx file that we load into the `docxTemplate`:
![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/docx-template-example.png)

with respectively the `Series 1` "Clustered Column" chart

![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/series-1-chart.png)

and the `Vulnerabilities` "Pie" chart

![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/vulnerabilities-chart.png)

now if we run this code
```go
computerPng, err := os.ReadFile(computerPngFilepath)
apPng, err := os.ReadFile(apPngFilepath)
windowsPng, err := os.ReadFile(windowsPngFilepath)

template, _ := gotemplatedocx.NewDocxTemplateFromFilename(docxFilename)

template.Media("computer.png", computerPng)
template.Media("ap.png", apPng)
template.Media("windows.png", windowsPng)

template.Apply(templateValues)

template.Save("output.docx")
```

the `output.docx` file will be the result of the templating engine:

![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/output.docx.png)

now let's walk a into each of the template instructions used in the docx file...

### 1. Fields replacement
- `{{.Title}}` -> `Asset Report`
- `{{.Description}}` -> `Asset Report Description`
> note that the color of the title field is not inherited by its value

### 2. Conditional fields 
- `{{if eq .A "test"}}true{{else}}false{{end}}` -> is an example of logical comparison, checks if field `.A` is equal to the string `"test"`, placing `true` or `false` based on `.A` value
> note that the color of the text is not lost after the conditional expression is parsed

### 3. Iterating arrays
- `{{range .Table}}` -> iterates over the `Table` field which contains an array, for each item in the array it replaces the fields inside the loop
- `{{.Title}}` -> `Try1`, `Try2`, `Try3`
- `{{.Text}}` -> `Text1`, `Text2`, `Text3`
- `{{image .Icon}}` -> looks for the media filenames `"computer.png"`, `"ap.png"`, `"windows.png"` loaded through `template.Media(...)` and puts media reference in place

### 4. Indexing array items (Series 1 chart)
- `{{(index .ClustCol 0).Label}}` -> `Cat1`
- `{{toNumberCell (index .ClustCol 0).Value}}` -> `111.11`
- `{{(index .ClustCol 1).Label}}` -> `Cat2`
- `{{toNumberCell (index .ClustCol 1).Value}}` -> `222`
- `{{(index .ClustCol 2).Label}}` -> `Cat3`
- `{{toNumberCell (index .ClustCol 2).Value}}` -> `333.33`
- `{{(index .ClustCol 3).Label}}` -> `Cat4`
- `{{toNumberCell (index .ClustCol 3).Value}}` -> `444`

there are 3 important things to notice here:
1. the floating point numbers are set to be displayed as 2 digits precision directly from the chart "format cells..." tool
2. the `index` operator takes 2 parameters `.ClustCol` (the field that must contain an array) and the index of the item you want to access, I wrap it all with round parenthesis and after that I can access the fields of the indexed item
3. the `toNumberCell` function is used to format the number in a way that it can be parsed by the docx file as a number, this is useful to properly create functioning charts

### 5. Accessing fields in a nested structure (Pie chart)
- `{{toNumberCell .Pie.CriticalSum}}` -> `10`
- `{{toNumberCell .Pie.HighSum}}` -> `20`
- `{{toNumberCell .Pie.MediumSum}}` -> `30`
- `{{toNumberCell .Pie.LowSum}}` -> `40`
> still note that we use the `toNumberCell` function to set the cell type and make it readable by the docx chart

### 6. Replacing an image while preserving its style properties
- `{{replaceImage .ImageFilename}}` -> looks for the media filename loaded through `template.Media(...)` equal to the `ImageFilename` field

To use the `replaceImage` function you need to:
1. insert an image in the docx file where you want to place the new image
![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/replaceimage1.png)
2. right click on the image and select "Edit Alt Text"
![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/replaceimage2.png)
3. write the template expression `{{replaceImage .ImageFilename}}`
![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/replaceimage3.png)
4. now when you run the templating engine the image will be replaced while preserving its size, position and other properties
![](https://github.com/JJJJJJack/jubilant-fortnight/blob/main/go-template-docx/replaceimage4.png)

## Low level APIs

AddPreProcessors adds XML pre-processing maps in which the key is the XML file path(e.g., "word/document.xml") and the value is a list of functions that overwrite it sequentially,before the template is applied.
```go
docxTemplate.AddPreProcessors(
  xml.HandlersMap{
    "word/document.xml": {
      func(content string) (string, error) {
        return strings.ReplaceAll(content, "some string", "some other string"), nil
      },
    },
  },
  ... // more docx iterations
)
```

AddPostProcessors adds XML post-processing maps in which the key is the XML file path (e.g., "word/document.xml") and the value is a list of functions that overwrite it sequentially, after the template is applied.
```go
docxTemplate.AddPostProcessors(
  xml.HandlersMap{
    "word/document.xml": {
      func(content string) (string, error) {
        return strings.ReplaceAll(content, "some text", "some other text"), nil
      },
    },
  },
  ... // more docx iterations
)
```

GetTemplateVariables returns a map[string]struct{} of all the template variables found in the docx file, useful to debug and check which variables are present in the template.
```go
vars := docxTemplate.GetTemplateVariables()
fmt.Println(vars)
// Output: map[$var:{} .A:{} .B.C:{} ...]
```

> You can add more maps here to chain multiple processing steps, for example you may first want to read some specific xml values and after that you iterate over other files to update them based on the previous iteration read values.

go-template-docx

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