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android-mcp-server

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MCP server for controlling Android emulators via ADB — screenshots, UI interaction, logcat, and bug documentation for Claude Code

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# Android MCP Server

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MCP server for controlling Android emulators and devices via ADB. Gives AI assistants the ability to see, interact with, and debug Android apps — taking screenshots, tapping elements, reading logs, and documenting bugs.

[npm Package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/android-mcp-server) | [GitHub](https://github.com/martingeidobler/android-mcp-server) | [Issues](https://github.com/martingeidobler/android-mcp-server/issues)

![ezgif-3bbb68e918812643](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d78ef5ac-c401-4249-9776-4eda86cd4020)
^ Sped up for better viewing. [More demos and test cases](DEMOS.md).

## Features

- **25 tools** for complete Android device control
- **Screenshot capture** with intelligent compression (Sharp-based, max 1280px)
- **UI tree inspection** — read element hierarchy with bounds, text, resource IDs, and state
- **Touch automation** — tap, swipe, scroll, type text, press hardware keys
- **Element targeting** — find and tap elements by resource-id, text, or content-desc
- **App lifecycle** — install APKs, launch apps, inspect current activity
- **Logcat integration** — filter by package, log level, or timestamp
- **Device management** — list devices, start emulators, get device info
- **Compound actions** — `tap_and_wait` combines tap + settle + UI tree in one round trip
- **Persistent ADB shell** — reuses a single shell session for faster command execution
- **Device info caching** — queries device properties once per session
- **Multi-device support** — target specific devices by ID
- **Zero app modifications** — works with any Android app via ADB, no SDK integration needed

## Prerequisites

- Node.js 18+
- Android SDK with platform-tools (ADB) and emulator
- A running Android emulator or connected device

### Finding your ANDROID_HOME

The server auto-discovers the SDK at `~/Library/Android/sdk` (macOS) or via `ANDROID_HOME`. If your SDK is elsewhere, set `ANDROID_HOME` in the MCP config (see below).

To check:
```bash
# macOS
ls ~/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb

# Or find it via Android Studio: Settings > Languages & Frameworks > Android SDK
```

## Setup

<details>
<summary>Claude Code</summary>

```bash
claude mcp add --scope user android -- npx -y android-mcp-server
```

This registers the server globally so it's available in all projects. Use `--scope project` instead to limit it to the current project.

If your SDK is not in the default location:
```bash
claude mcp add --scope user --env ANDROID_HOME=/path/to/sdk android -- npx -y android-mcp-server
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>Claude Desktop</summary>

Add to your Claude Desktop config file:
- macOS: `~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json`
- Windows: `%APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json`

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "android": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "android-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ANDROID_HOME": "/path/to/android/sdk"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

</details>

Add to your VS Code settings (`.vscode/settings.json`):

```json
{
  "mcp": {
    "servers": {
      "android": {
        "command": "npx",
        "args": ["-y", "android-mcp-server"],
        "env": {
          "ANDROID_HOME": "/path/to/android/sdk"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>Cursor</summary>

Add to your Cursor MCP config (`~/.cursor/mcp.json`):

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "android": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "android-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ANDROID_HOME": "/path/to/android/sdk"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>Windsurf</summary>

Add to your Windsurf MCP config (`~/.codeium/windsurf/mcp_config.json`):

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "android": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "android-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ANDROID_HOME": "/path/to/android/sdk"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>Project config (.mcp.json)</summary>

Add to your project's `.mcp.json` (checked into version control so your team gets it too):

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "android": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "android-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "ANDROID_HOME": "/path/to/android/sdk"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

</details>

<details>
<summary>Build from source</summary>

```bash
git clone https://github.com/martingeidobler/android-mcp-server.git
cd android-mcp-server
npm install
npm run build
claude mcp add --scope user android -- node /path/to/android-mcp-server/dist/index.js
```

</details>

## Available Tools

### Device Management
| Tool | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `list_devices` | List connected Android devices and emulators |
| `list_avds` | List available Android Virtual Devices |
| `start_emulator` | Start an AVD by name (waits up to 60s) |

### Screenshot & UI Analysis
| Tool | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `screenshot` | Take screenshot for visual analysis. Optional `save_path` to save to disk |
| `get_ui_tree` | Get UI element hierarchy with bounds, text, resource IDs, and state |

### Interaction
| Tool | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `tap` | Tap at screen coordinates |
| `tap_element` | Tap element by resource-id, text, or content-desc |
| `tap_and_wait` | Tap element, wait for UI to settle, return new UI tree — single round trip |
| `long_press` | Long press at coordinates (context menus, drag handles) |
| `double_tap` | Double tap at coordinates |
| `multi_tap` | Tap the same coordinates N times with a fixed interval (spam tapping) |
| `tap_sequence` | Multi-step action chain: taps, waits, text input, key presses, swipes in any order |
| `type_text` | Type text into focused input |
| `press_key` | Press key (back, home, enter, tab, delete, menu, etc.) |
| `swipe` | Swipe gesture between coordinates |
| `scroll_to_element` | Scroll until element is visible |
| `wait_for_element` | Wait for element to appear (with timeout) |

### Diagnostics
| Tool | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `get_logs` | Get logcat output, filterable by package, log level, and time |
| `clear_logs` | Clear logcat buffer (call before reproducing a bug for clean output) |
| `get_device_info` | Get model, Android version, API level, screen size, DPI |

### App Management
| Tool | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `launch_app` | Launch app by package name |
| `install_apk` | Install APK file |
| `get_current_activity` | Get foreground app and activity |
| `pull_file` | Pull a file from the device to local filesystem |
| `adb_shell` | Run arbitrary ADB shell command |

## Example Workflows

### Bug documentation

> "Clear the logs, open the settings screen, tap the save button, then show me the logs and a screenshot"

Claude will: `clear_logs` → `launch_app` → `tap_element` → `get_logs(package_name="com.example.app", level="E")` → `screenshot(save_path="./bugs/settings-crash.png")`

### UI testing

> "Navigate through the login flow and verify each screen matches the designs"

Claude will use `screenshot` + `get_ui_tree` to see and understand each screen, `tap_element`/`type_text` to interact, and its vision capabilities to compare against mockups or descriptions.

### Smoke testing

> "Install the APK, launch the app, and tap through the main screens to check nothing crashes"

Claude will: `install_apk` → `launch_app` → navigate with `tap_element` → `get_logs(level="E")` to check for errors after each screen.

### Element interaction

> "Open Settings, search for 'display', tap the first result, then go back"

Claude will: `launch_app(package_name="com.android.settings")` → `tap_and_wait(by="text", value="Search settings")` → `type_text("display")` → `tap_and_wait(by="text", value="Display")` → `press_key(key="back")`

## Demos & Prompting Guide

- **[DEMOS.md](DEMOS.md)** — copy-paste prompt scenarios you can try right now
- **[PROMPTING.md](PROMPTING.md)** — best practices, performance tips, and common pitfalls

## How It Works

The server communicates over stdio using the [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io). All device interaction goes through ADB — no modifications to your app are required. Screenshots are captured in memory, compressed, and returned as base64 images that the AI can see and analyze visually.

## Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please see [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines.

## License

MIT - see [LICENSE](LICENSE).

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