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roadmap

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Roadmap for Software Engineering

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# **Roadmap**

## **Foundational Level 1: Programming, OOP, & DSA (6–12 Months)**
This initial phase is crucial. It's like building the foundation of a house; skipping it will lead to instability later on.

### **Programming Languages** _(e.g., Rust, C++, C#, Java, Python)_
* #### **Structured Programming**
    * [ ] Data Types
    * [ ] Variables
    * [ ] Operators
    * [ ] Conditional Statements (if, switch)
    * [ ] Looping Constructs (for, while)
    * [ ] Functions
    * [ ] Structs
* #### **Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Paradigm**
    * [ ] Inheritance
    * [ ] Encapsulation
    * [ ] Abstraction
    * [ ] Polymorphism

### **Data Structures**
* #### **Linear**
    * [ ] Array, Dynamic Array
    * [ ] Linked List
    * [ ] Stack
    * [ ] Queue
* #### **Non-Linear**
    * [ ] Tree (specifically Binary Search Tree)
    * [ ] Dictionary (Set, Hash Table)
    * [ ] Graph

### **Algorithms**
* #### **Searching**
    * [ ] Binary Search
    * [ ] Linear Search
* #### **Sorting**
    * [ ] Bubble Sort
    * [ ] Quick Sort
    * [ ] Merge Sort
* #### **Graph Traversal**
    * [ ] BFS (Breadth-First Search)
    * [ ] DFS (Depth-First Search)
* #### **Other Techniques**
    * [ ] Backtracking and Recursion
    * [ ] Greedy Algorithms
    * [ ] Dynamic Programming

### **Problem Solving** _(on platforms like LeetCode/HackerRank)_
* [ ] Easy: 50–100 problems
* [ ] Medium: 15–40 problems

### **Projects**
* [ ] Build a small project to apply what you've learned (e.g., a management system for a pharmacy, HR, or school, or games like Snake and Pong).

_This entire phase should take approximately **6–12 months** to complete thoroughly._

***

## **Foundational Level 2 (Ideal Path): Core CS Principles**
These subjects can be studied in parallel and don't always require immediate practical application. For guidance, check university course maps, such as the [CS Course Map Guides from UC Berkeley](https://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/courseguides).

* [ ] Operating Systems
* [ ] Databases
* [ ] Networking
* [ ] Software Engineering (e.g., Agile methodologies)

***

## **Foundational Level 3: Track/Domain Fundamentals**
Focus on understanding the core principles of your chosen specialization (e.g., web, mobile, game development). Crash courses are a great way to get an introduction to a domain.

***

## **Foundational Level 4: Track/Technology**
Choose specific technologies within your domain (e.g., .NET, Flutter, Node.js). This choice should be based on your domain's fundamentals and personal interest, not just on current popularity.

***

## **Entering the Job Market**
* Build a **strong portfolio** to showcase your work.
* Focus on gaining practical experience through **internships and personal projects**.
* Prepare for interviews by practicing and demonstrating your **practical understanding**.
* Remember that **continuous learning** is essential in the tech field.
* Your **passion and a strong foundation** are more critical than chasing trends.
* Refer to this video for more guidance: [Career Options](https://www.youtube.com/live/1EsfJqxG3Xs)

***

## **Different Learning Paths**
* **Perfect Path**: Study all four foundational levels for a robust and adaptable career. This is the ideal approach for long-term success.
* **Quick Path**: Focus on the **first foundational level** and then jump to a specific **technology/domain**. _It is crucial to return to the second and third levels after securing a job to build a stronger career foundation._

***

### **Sources**
* How to Start Programming in the Age of AI by Mohamed Moshrif: [Part 2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SH4cG10zpJY)

### **Credit**
* Mohamed Moshrif: [LinkedIn Profile](https://www.linkedin.com/in/mmeshref/)

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