sfdc-lightning-service-components

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sfdc-lightning-service-components

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Design pattern that modularizes server-side callouts and simplifies component communication.

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# Service Component Design Pattern

Lighting Web Components addresses many of the issues this design pattern sought to address, so moving forward I will be maintaining only the [lwc-utils repo](https://github.com/tsalb/lwc-utils) where you can find LWC specific design patterns (and utility modules) compared side by side with this deprecated aura service component framework.

~~The Service Component design pattern makes it easy for custom components placed separately from each other (not having any parent-child hierarchy) to easily share a single Apex Controller and reduce redundancy of inter-component communication through key-value events.~~

~~Having no component hierarchy makes it more simple to place components anywhere on a lightning page and allowing more flexibility of creating a dynamic user experience out of mixing native and custom components.~~

~~Additionally, the Service Component design pattern allows wrapping of base lightning components to provide much more utility than what is currently offered.~~

~~**tl;dr: Deploy > App Launcher > Service Components**~~

---

The service components in this sample app are:

`DataService` which encapsulates serverside callouts. A single Apex Controller is attributed to this headless component which uses `aura:methods` to pass parameters to the JS controller which handles serverside configuration like `action.setStorable()` or `action.setParams()`. The action will be passed to `helper.dispatch()` to make the asynchronous callout.

`EventService` which encapsulates a key-value pair (optional value) model for both application and component events. This component registers and fires generic events which need to be parsed by the handling component(s) via key-value. There is a special recordEvent which is for Lightning Console (since app events broadcast to all console tabs). This can also listen to Platform Events easily and react to them (via `lightning:empApi`).

`MessageService` which wraps `lightning:overlayLibrary` and provides dynamic creation `aura:methods` for modal bodies and footers.

`QuickUpdateService` which wraps Lightning Data Service (i.e. `force:recordData`) and provides an `aura:method` to very quickly configure a single-object, single-record DML to any sObject. Since this uses LDS, profile security is respected. This is a POC component.

`DataTableService` which can quickly generate `tableData` and `tableColumns` in a format expected by `lightning:datatable`. It's designed primarily for read-only, single hierarchy tables. It's still possible to perform further processing either serverside or clientside to configure `lightning:datatable` more granularly. Parent relationship (1 level tested) works and there are helper functions to flatten the data both serverside (column definition) and clientside (data definition).

---

## DataService Usage Example
Drop this into a component that needs serverside data:

**AccountSelector.cmp**
```xml
<aura:component implements="flexipage:availableForAllPageTypes">
  <c:DataService aura:id="service"/> 
  <aura:handler name="init" value="{! this }" action="{! c.doInit }"/>
</aura:component>
```

**AccountSelectorController.js**
```javascript
doInit: function (component, event, helper) {
  helper.service(component).fetchAccountCombobox(
    $A.getCallback((error, data) => {
      if (data) {
        console.log("data from my apex controller is: "+data);
      }
    })
  );
},
```
**AccountSelectorHelper.js**
```javascript
// ServiceHeaderHelper.js
service : function(component) {
  return component.find("service");
},
```

## EventService Usage Examples
Some samples from the app:
```javascript

helper.eventService(component).fireAppEvent("ACCOUNT_ID_SELECTED", selectedOptionValue);

helper.eventService(component).fireAppEvent("HEADER_CLEARTABLE");

```

## Handling App, Record, or Comp events with EventService
In any component that needs to listen to these, attach a handler like this:

**ContactDatatable.cmp**
```xml
<aura:handler event="c:ServiceAppEvent" action="{! c.handleApplicationEvent }"/>
```
**ContactDatatableController.js**
```javascript
handleApplicationEvent : function(component, event, helper) {
  let params = event.getParams();
  switch(params.appEventKey) {
    case "ACCOUNT_ID_SELECTED": // fallthrough
    case "CONTACTS_UPDATED":
      helper.loadContactTable(component, params.appEventValue);
      break;
    case "HEADER_CLEARTABLE":
      component.set("v.tableData", null);
      break;
  }
},
```

## Handling Platform Events with EventService
Using v44, we can leverage `lightning:empApi` to do this:

**PlatformEventListener.cmp**
```xml
<c:EventService aura:id="eventService" 
  channel="/event/Contact_DML__e" 
  onMessage="{! c.handleContactDmlEvent }"/>
```
**PlatformEventListenerController.js**
```javascript
handleContactDmlEvent : function(component, event, helper) {
  let payloadJSON = JSON.stringify(event.getParam("payload"));
  component.set("v.payloadJSON", payloadJSON);
}
```

## MessageService Usage Examples
At its core, this is a wrapper around the lightning:overlayLibrary which provides some helper functionality for creating both the body and the footer. There are some special features:

- Able to handle text or custom component as the modal body.
- Always handles the footer cancel button.
- Specify a main action function which can be either:
  - On the originating component by using `component.getReference("someFunction")`.
  - On the modal component (the body) that's being created by using `"c.someFunctionOnTheModalComponent"`.
- Pass an Object of parameters to the modal component (the body) from the originating component by using object notation while setting up the modal.

When you drop in `MessageService.cmp` into a component, such as `ContactDatatable.cmp`, this is an example of how you can open a modal from a function in `ContactDatatableController.js`.

**ContactDatatableController.js**
```javascript
handleOpenComponentModal : function(component, event, helper) {
  let selectedArr = component.find("searchTable").getSelectedRows();

helper.messageService(component).modal(
    "update-address-modal",                           // auraId
    "Update Address: "+selectedArr.length+" Row(s)",  // headerLabel
    "c:ContactAddressForm",                           // body, MessageService will dynamically create this
    {
      contactList: selectedArr                        // bodyParams, MessageService dynamically passes these to c:ContactAddressForm
    },
    "c.handleUpdateMultiAddress",                     // mainActionReference, see above on where you can feed this
    "Update"                                          // mainActionLabel
  );
},
```

The above `c.handleUpdateMultiAddress` is a reference to a function found on `ContactAddressForm.cmp`. `MessageService.cmp` is able to grab reference appropriately and wire it up to the `Update` main action found in the modal footer.

So, even though overlayLibrary `modalBody` and `modalFooter` are siblings, the footer is referencing a controller action on the body. This makes it easier to write all your container logic on a `modalBody` and leverage `MessageService.cmp` to just open a self-contained `modalBody` component.

## QuickUpdateService Usage Examples
At its core, this is a wrapper around force:recordData which allows for simple single record DML.

This example from `ContactDatatable.cmp` uses a single button to update multiple fields on a single record. The only attributes `QuickUpdateService.cmp` expects is a `configObject` containing the `recordId` and `fieldUpdates` properties.

Currently, there is no type checking or much error handling.

**ContactDatatableHelper.js**
```javascript
  clearMailingAddressWithLightningDataService : function(component, row) {
    let _self = this;
    let configObject = { // QuickUpdateService only expects this object with recordId and fieldUpdates properties
      recordId: row["Id"],
      fieldUpdates: {
        "MailingStreet": null,
        "MailingCity": null,
        "MailingState": null,
        "MailingPostalCode": null,
        "MailingCountry": null
      }
    }
    _self.quickUpdateService(component).LDS_Update(
      configObject,
      $A.getCallback((saveResult) => {
        switch(saveResult.state.toUpperCase()) {
          case "SUCCESS":
            _self.messageService(component).showToast({
              message: "Cleared Mailing Address.",
              variant: "success"
            });
            _self.loadContactTable(component, row["AccountId"]);
            break;
          case "ERROR":
            _self.messageService(component).showToast({
              title: "Error Clearing Mailing Address",
              message: JSON.stringify(saveResult.error[0].message),
              variant: "error",
              mode: "pester"
            });
            break;
        }
      })
    );
  },
```

## DataTableService Usage Examples
This is a library service component. It's designed to make read-only lightning:datatable very quick to spin up.

This example is from `CaseDatatable.cmp` (which is actually created inside a modal from `ContactDatatable.cmp`). The only attributes `DataTableService.cmp` expects is a `tableRequest` Object containing the `queryString` and `bindVars` properties.

There is no way to fetch the more granular `tableColumns` specific configurations that are offered from `lightning:datatable` however it's possible to post-process the `tableColumns` data even futher serverside OR clientside.

There is simple handling of parent relationships fields.

**CaseDatatableController.js**
```javascript
  doInit : function(component, event, helper) {
    let contactRecordId = [].concat(component.get("v.contactRecordId")); // guarantees array for idSet
    if (!$A.util.isEmpty(contactRecordId)) {
      let tableRequest = {
        queryString: "SELECT "
                   + "Id, CaseNumber, CreatedDate, ClosedDate, Description, Comments, Status, Subject, Type, Owner.Name"
                   + "FROM Case "
                   + "WHERE ContactId =: idSet "
                   + "ORDER BY CaseNumber ASC",
        bindVars: {
          idSet: contactRecordId,
        }
      }
      helper.tableService(component).fetchData(
        tableRequest,
        $A.getCallback((error, data) => {
          if (!$A.util.isEmpty(data)) {
            component.set("v.tableData", data.tableData);
            component.set("v.tableColumns", data.tableColumns);
          } else {
            if (!$A.util.isEmpty(error) && error[0].hasOwnProperty("message")) {
              helper.messageService(component).showToast({
                message: error[0].message,
                variant: "error"
              });
            }
          }
        })
      );
    }
  }
```

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