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p2c
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Pascal to C compiler
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# p2c: Pascal to C Translator [](https://github.com/FranklinChen/p2c/actions/workflows/ci.yml) **p2c** is a Pascal-to-C translator originally written by Dave Gillespie (1989-1993), copyright Free Software Foundation, distributed under the GPL. The generated C code and runtime library (`p2clib.c`, `p2c.h`) are **not** GPL-restricted. p2c supports a wide range of Pascal dialects: - HP Pascal - Turbo/UCSD Pascal (including Turbo Pascal 6.0 OOP) - DEC VAX Pascal - Oregon Software Pascal/2 - Macintosh Programmer's Workshop Pascal (including Object Pascal) - Sun/Berkeley Pascal - Texas Instruments Pascal - Apollo Domain Pascal - Partial Modula-2 support See the original [`README`](README) for Gillespie's installation instructions. --- ## Building Requires only `make`, a C compiler (`cc`/`gcc`/`clang`), `nroff`, and `perl`. ```bash # Build p2c and run example programs make test # Build and install to home/ directory make install # Build just the translator cd src && make all # Clean build artifacts cd src && make clean ``` The build produces: - `p2c` binary (in repo root for private install) - `libp2c.a` runtime library (in `home/`) - `home/p2c/p2c.h` runtime header To translate and compile a Pascal file: ```bash ./p2c myfile.p cc -Ihome/p2c myfile.c home/libp2c.a -o myfile ``` ### Modern compiler compatibility The codebase uses K&R C idioms. The Makefile passes `-Wno-implicit-function-declaration -Wno-implicit-int` to suppress warnings-as-errors that modern compilers (GCC 14+, Clang 16+) now enable by default. A forward declaration in `p2clib.c` and a missing `<stdlib.h>` in `makeproto.c` have been fixed directly. For GCC 15+ (which defaults to C23), you may also need: ``` -Wno-error=incompatible-pointer-types -std=gnu17 ``` --- ## History ### Original development (1989-1993) p2c was written by **Dave Gillespie** (c/o Synaptics, Inc.) and was listed as a [GNU project](https://www.gnu.org/software/p2c/) (that URL now redirects to a 2006 Wayback Machine snapshot). The original distribution site was `csvax.cs.caltech.edu` (long dead). The HISTORY file in the source tracks 22 versions from 1.00 to 1.21alpha. The final Gillespie release was **v1.21alpha-07.Dec.93**. ### The Schneider continuation **Tom Schneider**, a researcher at NIH/NCI Frederick, maintained p2c beyond Gillespie's final release. His changes were practical fixes for modern compiler compatibility: - Renamed symbols that clash with modern libc/macOS headers (`logf` -> `logfile`, `getline` -> `getaline`) - General build fixes for newer GCC versions Schneider published versions **1.22**, **2.01**, and **2.02**. His distribution sites (`schneider.ncifcrf.gov`, `users.fred.net/tds/lab/p2c/`, `alum.mit.edu/www/toms/p2c/`) are all currently unreachable (as of March 2026). ### This fork This repository ([FranklinChen/p2c](https://github.com/FranklinChen/p2c)) is the most complete GitHub source for p2c. It was assembled from: 1. **Gillespie's v1.21alpha2** base 2. **Ubuntu/Debian patches** from `p2c_1.21alpha2-3.diff.gz` (fixing Debian bugs #305412, #552828, the built-in `logf` conflict, and a manpage issue) 3. **Schneider's v2.01 changes** merged via PR #1 (touching `comment.c`, `decl.c`, `lex.c`, `out.c`, `parse.c`, `trans.c`, `trans.h`, and the man page — mostly the `logf`/`getline` renames) 4. **Modern compiler fixes** (forward declaration in `p2clib.c`, missing `<stdlib.h>` in `makeproto.c`, `-Wno-*` flags in the Makefile) **Gap:** Does not contain Schneider's v2.02 changes (the download is currently unavailable). ### Version timeline | Version | Date | Author | Notes | |---------|------|--------|-------| | 1.00 | ~1989 | Gillespie | Initial release | | ... | 1989-1993 | Gillespie | 22 releases adding dialect support | | 1.20 | ~1992 | Gillespie | Last "stable" release | | 1.21alpha2 | 1993-12-07 | Gillespie | Final Gillespie release | | 1.22 | unknown | Schneider | Minor fixes | | 2.01 | unknown | Schneider | `logf`/`getline` renames for modern compilers | | 2.02 | ~2022 | Schneider | Latest known release (download unavailable) | --- ## GitHub Landscape ### Direct p2c repositories | Repository | Stars | Base version | Last commit | Notes | |------------|-------|-------------|-------------|-------| | [FranklinChen/p2c](https://github.com/FranklinChen/p2c) | 39 | v1.21alpha2 + v2.01 | 2017 | **This repo.** Most complete source. | | [Classic-Tools/p2c](https://github.com/Classic-Tools/p2c) | 4 | Gillespie only | 2015 | Historical archive: each release as a commit. | | [djipi/p2c](https://github.com/djipi/p2c) | 13 | v1.21alpha2 | 2020 | Claims Win32 support. | ### Notable forks of this repo | Fork | Last pushed | Changes | |------|------------|---------| | [reneeverly/p2c](https://github.com/reneeverly/p2c) | 2023-01-29 | macOS build fix + README update | | All others | 2017 | Unmodified | ### Related projects (not derived from p2c) | Project | URL | Notes | |---------|-----|-------| | ptoc | [knizhnik/ptoc](https://github.com/knizhnik/ptoc) | Independent Pascal-to-C++ converter (34 stars) | | pas2cpp | [parstools/pas2cpp](https://github.com/parstools/pas2cpp) | Attempted OOP extension of p2c (unrealized) | | Free Pascal | [Homebrew formula](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/fpc) | Full Pascal compiler (not a translator) | --- ## Linux Distribution Packaging | Distribution | Version | Status | |---|---|---| | **AUR (Arch Linux)** | 2.02 | Active (2025). Notes GCC 15 issues. | | **GNU Guix** | 2.02 | Active. Uses `-Wno-implicit-function-declaration`. | | **Slackware current** | 2.02 | Development branch. | | **Slackware 15.0** | 2.01 | Stable release. | | **Mageia Cauldron** | 2.02 | Development. | | **Mageia 9** | 1.22 | Stable. | | **PLD Linux** | 1.22 | RPM spec; last commit 2025-07-14. | | **pkgsrc (NetBSD)** | 1.20nb1 | Still points at dead Caltech FTP. | | **FreeBSD ports** | 2.01 (was) | **Deleted** 2019 ("BROKEN: unfetchable"). | | **Debian** | -- | Removed ~2010. Open RFP [#895637](https://bugs.debian.org/895637) since 2018. | | **Homebrew** | -- | Not packaged. | Distributions packaging v2.02 all point to `users.fred.net`, which is currently unreachable. --- ## Real-World Usage Despite its age, p2c has a specific, active use case: - **[M-Tx](https://ctan.org/pkg/m-tx)** (Music from TeXt): a preprocessor for MusiXTeX, written in Pascal by Dirk Laurie. M-Tx's build process uses p2c to translate Pascal source to C, which is then compiled and included in TeXLive distributions. Bob Tennent's Debian RFP (#895637) specifically cites this dependency. --- ## Known Source URLs | URL | Status | Version | |-----|--------|---------| | `ftp://csvax.cs.caltech.edu/pub/p2c-1.20.tar.Z` | Dead (1990s) | 1.20 | | `https://schneider.ncifcrf.gov/p2c/` | Dead | 2.01 | | `http://users.fred.net/tds/lab/p2c/` | Unreachable | 2.02 | | `https://alum.mit.edu/www/toms/p2c/` | Unknown | -- | | `https://github.com/FranklinChen/p2c` | **Live** | 2.01 | | `https://github.com/Classic-Tools/p2c` | **Live** | 1.21alpha2 | --- ## License p2c is distributed under the [GNU General Public License](src/COPYING). The generated C code and runtime files (`p2clib.c`, `p2c.h`) are **not** restricted by the GPL. --- *Research and fork maintenance as of March 2026.*
