FlipRSDR

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A SDR transmitter and receiver for visualizing and recording sub-ghz signals on a PC or mobile over USB or BT

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# FlipRSDR

[![Watch the demo video](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/main/screenshots/Video.JPG)](https://youtu.be/YpVZF9u5480)

## [DOWNLOADS](https://github.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/releases)
FlipRSDR is a Flipper Zero external app that captures raw demodulated Sub-GHz pulse/gap timings and streams them to a PC over USB CDC or BLE serial. It is intentionally focused on pulse timing fidelity rather than protocol decoding, and the transport is now bidirectional so a desktop client can also remote-control capture settings.

## What it does

- Captures ordered pulse/gap durations in microseconds using the firmware async Sub-GHz receive path
- Decodes saved and live captures in the desktop analyzer using lightweight timing-pattern analysis plus multi-burst consensus recovery
- Replays captured signals from the desktop tools back through a connected Flipper using the stored tuned burst frequency for more accurate retransmission
- Supports both the internal Flipper CC1101 and compatible external CC1101 modules
- Detects burst start, burst continuation, and burst end from gap timing and idle timeout
- Preserves the full timing burst locally in buffered modes, including truncation and overflow flags
- Streams the compact `fliprsdr` binary protocol by default, with JSON kept as a debug option
- Supports USB CDC on dual-CDC channel `1` and BLE serial
- Can mirror received RF activity to the Flipper speaker during capture and preview
- Accepts simple remote-control commands over the same USB or BLE link for scan start/stop, frequency changes, and RSSI threshold updates

## Screenshots

### Flipper app

![Set frequency page](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/flipper%20screenshots/Set%20Freq%20Page..png)

<table width="100%">
  <tr>
    <td align="center" width="50%">
      <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/flipper%20screenshots/Freq%20Menu.png" alt="Frequency menu" width="100%" />
    </td>
    <td align="center" width="50%">
      <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/flipper%20screenshots/Menu%20Page%202.png" alt="Menu page 2" width="100%" />
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="center">
      Frequency menu
    </td>
    <td align="center">
      Menu page 2
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="center" width="50%">
      <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/flipper%20screenshots/Scanning%20Screen.png" alt="Scanning screen" width="100%" />
    </td>
    <td align="center" width="50%">
      <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/flipper%20screenshots/Scanning%20Idle.png" alt="Scanning idle" width="100%" />
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="center">
      Scanning screen
    </td>
    <td align="center">
      Scanning idle
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>

### Receiver app

![FlipRSDR Receiver screenshot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/receiver%20screeshots/receiver%20screenshot.jpg)

### Analyzer app

![FlipRSDR Analyzer screenshot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jsammarco/FlipRSDR/refs/heads/main/screenshots/analyzer/analyzer%20latest%20screenshot.JPG)

## Main flow

- `Start Capture`
  - `OK` starts or stops listening
  - `Left` clears the buffered burst
  - `Right` sends the buffered burst
  - `Back` leaves the screen and stops capture
- `Signal Preview`
  - Sweeps around the configured center frequency and shows live RSSI activity
  - Preview is for inspection only; capture and replay still operate on a single tuned frequency rather than the whole preview span
  - `Left/Right` shifts the center frequency by `100 kHz`
  - `Up/Down` shifts the center frequency by `1 MHz`
  - If `Audio` is enabled, preview uses the same mirrored radio audio path as capture
- `Settings`
  - Frequency preset
  - Frequency fine-tune offset
  - Transport
  - Protocol format
  - Streaming mode
  - Auto-send after burst complete
  - Include RSSI
  - Include timestamp
  - Max pulse count
  - Capture timeout
  - Burst-end gap threshold
  - Audio
  - Preview band span
  - RF module (`Internal` or `External`)
  - Debug send action
- `About`

## External CC1101 support

- `RF module = Internal` uses the built-in Flipper CC1101
- `RF module = External` uses a compatible external CC1101 connected to the GPIO header
- The app now embeds the external CC1101 driver plugin so it is available when building and installing `FlipRSDR` by itself
- Preview shows the active radio path (`INT`, `EXT`, or `EXT?`) and reports external open failures on-screen
- The external CC1101 path probes multiple expansion GPIO candidates for the module `GDO0` data pin instead of assuming a single fixed wiring layout
- `FlipRSDR` external-radio support is for CC1101-based Sub-GHz modules only; NRF24/Si24R1-style 2.4 GHz boards are not supported by this app

## Protocol and transport

The default serial format is the custom `fliprsdr` binary protocol defined in `fliprsdr_binary_protocol_spec.md`. The current implementation uses:

- COBS framing with `0x00` delimiters
- CRC-16/XMODEM integrity checks
- little-endian metadata fields
- unsigned varints for timing arrays
- packet types `BURST_START`, `TIMING_CHUNK`, `BURST_END`, and `BURST_CAPTURE`
- optional timestamp fields encoded in microseconds
- optional RSSI fields encoded as signed centi-dBm (`dBm * 100`)

Live streaming emits `BURST_START`, one or more `TIMING_CHUNK` packets, and `BURST_END`. Buffered sends prefer a single `BURST_CAPTURE` packet when the burst fits, and automatically fall back to the segmented live-style sequence for truncated or oversized captures.

JSON remains available as a compatibility/debug option. In either format, `first_level` is preserved so the PC side can reconstruct the exact pulse/gap ordering even if the first received interval is a gap.

The same transport is also used for inbound remote commands from the PC. Commands are newline-delimited ASCII and are currently:

- `start_scan`
- `stop_scan`
- `set_frequency <value>`
- `set_rssi_threshold off`
- `set_rssi_threshold <-dBm>`

`set_frequency` accepts plain Hz values such as `433920000`, integer MHz values such as `433`, or decimal MHz text such as `433.920`. Remote commands work over both USB CDC and BLE serial.

## File structure

- `app/fliprsdr.c`
  - App allocation, view dispatcher, scene manager, and shared refresh helpers
- `app/fliprsdr.h`
  - Shared enums, constants, settings, burst, and snapshot structs
- `app/fliprsdr_app.h`
  - Internal app struct, view ids, and custom events
- `app/settings.c` / `app/settings.h`
  - Persistent settings using `saved_struct`
- `app/radio.c` / `app/radio.h`
  - Shared internal/external radio wrapper, audio mirror control, and external CC1101 diagnostics
- `app/burst_buffer.c` / `app/burst_buffer.h`
  - Fixed-capacity burst storage with truncation tracking
- `app/capture.c` / `app/capture.h`
  - Raw async Sub-GHz receive worker and burst assembly, including storing the actual tuned RX/TX frequency with buffered bursts and replay
- `app/transport.c` / `app/transport.h`
  - Shared bidirectional transport thread, backend selection, and command callback dispatch
- `app/transport_usb.c`
  - USB CDC transport backend
- `app/transport_ble.c`
  - BLE serial transport backend
- `app/protocol.c` / `app/protocol.h`
  - `fliprsdr` binary encoding plus JSON compatibility formatting
- `views/capture_view.c` / `views/capture_view.h`
  - Custom capture status screen that shows the effective capture/replay frequency
- `views/preview_view.c` / `views/preview_view.h`
  - Live sweep preview with speaker mirror audio, frequency nudging, and radio diagnostics
- `scenes/`
  - Menu, capture, settings, and about scenes
- `application.fam`
  - Flipper manifest
- `build.ps1`
  - Sync-and-build helper for a local firmware checkout
- `fliprsdr_protocol.py`
  - Shared Python encoder/decoder used by the receiver and analyzer for `.fliprsdr` recordings and live packet parsing

## Firmware API assumptions

- Raw receive uses `furi_hal_subghz_start_async_rx(...)`
- The receive preset uses `subghz_device_cc1101_preset_ook_270khz_async_regs`
- USB streaming uses:
  - `furi_hal_usb_set_config(&usb_cdc_dual, NULL)`
  - `furi_hal_cdc_set_callbacks(...)`
  - `furi_hal_cdc_send(...)`
- BLE streaming uses:
  - `bt_profile_start(..., ble_profile_serial, NULL)`
  - `ble_profile_serial_set_event_callback(...)`
  - `ble_profile_serial_tx(...)`
- Remote-control RX uses newline-delimited line input from either transport backend

## Notes and TODOs

- The app currently uses the public async raw receive API directly and does not depend on protocol decode paths.
- External module support currently targets CC1101-based Sub-GHz boards and not NRF24/Si24R1 2.4 GHz boards.
- Buffered modes intentionally stop after one completed burst so the last burst can be preserved exactly and resent without being overwritten. This matches the v1 priority of “one complete burst at a time is acceptable”.
- `TODO`: the OOK raw receive preset may need tuning per target signal family or future firmware changes.
- `TODO`: USB transport currently assumes dual CDC channel `1` is the safest user-facing serial endpoint.
- `TODO`: BLE transport restores the default serial profile on exit because the public API does not expose the previously active profile template.

## Building

Default:

```powershell
.\build.ps1
```

Preview only:

```powershell
.\build.ps1 -PreviewSync
```

Skip build after sync:

```powershell
.\build.ps1 -SkipBuild
```

## PC receiver

The Windows desktop companion app lives under `receiver/` and is called `FlipRSDR Receiver`.

- Project path: `receiver\`
- Build script: `.\build_receiver.ps1`
- Output: `build\FlipRSDR Receiver.exe`
- Live serial ingest from the Flipper CDC stream
- Supports both `fliprsdr` binary packets and legacy JSON
- Waveform view for the current pulse train
- Waterfall view using log-duration bins with SDR-style coloring
- Optional recording of completed bursts to `.fliprsdr` binary files or JSONL
- Optional audible playback of completed bursts
- Automatic port refresh while disconnected, plus last-port recall on restart
- Remote control panel for `start_scan`, `stop_scan`, `set_frequency`, and `set_rssi_threshold`
- Smart replay pipeline for captures that preserve the tuned burst frequency for more accurate retransmission

Receiver notes:
The receiver records the burst frequency reported by the Flipper. New captures now preserve the actual tuned frequency returned by the radio, which improves replay accuracy when the hardware snaps to a nearby valid tuning step.
The receiver waterfall is timing-based, not RF-frequency-based. It visualizes pulse/gap duration distribution, so it does not show within-band preview offsets.

The receiver can drive the Flipper remotely after connection. The current UI exposes:

- Start/stop scan buttons
- Frequency presets or manual entry
- RSSI threshold presets or `Off`

These commands are written back over the open serial connection and apply immediately on the device. If capture is already running, a remote frequency change stops capture, applies the new frequency, and restarts capture automatically.

## Android receiver

An Android companion app now lives under `android_receiver/` and is called `Android Receiver`.

- Project path: `android_receiver\`
- Build script: `.\build_android_receiver.ps1`
- Output: `build\Android Receiver-debug.apk`
- No Android screenshots yet
- USB serial host support for the working Flipper CDC user port
- BLE serial support with Nordic UART fallback plus generic write/notify discovery
- `fliprsdr` binary and JSON protocol parsing
- Bottom-navigation UI with dedicated Connect, Control, Monitor, and Logs pages
- Live waveform and waterfall views
- Remote commands for `start_scan`, `stop_scan`, `set_frequency`, and `set_rssi_threshold`
- Optional recording to `.fliprsdr` or `.jsonl`
- Optional audio playback for completed bursts

The current Android USB flow is tuned around the Flipper dual-CDC layout and only exposes the proven working serial path on Android when multiple USB serial ports are present.

## PC analyzer

The offline analysis companion app lives under `analyzer/` and is called `FlipRSDR Analyzer`.

- Project path: `analyzer\`
- Build script: `.\build_analyzer.ps1`
- Output: `build\FlipRSDR Analyzer.exe`
- Loads saved `.fliprsdr` recordings from the receiver, plus legacy JSONL
- Replays bursts over recording time with optional audio playback
- Replays selected signals back to a connected Flipper, tested successfully with a ceiling fan remote
- Shows waveform and a full recording waterfall view
- Highlights repeated timing signatures and likely frame-like bursts
- Attempts a lightweight short/long symbol decode for bursts that resemble simple PWM-style framing
- Uses repeated/duplicate bursts to improve low-confidence decodes and fill in missing bits where the captures agree

Analyzer notes:
Replay uses each burst's stored frequency directly.
Like the receiver, the analyzer waterfall is timing-based rather than a swept RF spectrum display.
When several near-duplicate bursts are present, the analyzer aligns them and applies a consensus decode so uncertain bits in one burst can be resolved from matching captures.

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