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Global Sparse Momentum SGD for pruning very deep neural networks

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# Global Sparse Momentum SGD

This repository contains the codes for the following NeurIPS-2019 paper

[Global Sparse Momentum SGD for Pruning Very Deep Neural Networks](http://papers.nips.cc/paper/8867-global-sparse-momentum-sgd-for-pruning-very-deep-neural-networks.pdf).

This demo will show you how to
1. Prune a ResNet-56, get a global compression ratio of 10X (90% of the parameters are zeros).
2. Find the winning tickets of LeNet-300-100 by 60X pruning together with LeNet-5 by 125X and 300X, and compare the final results with simple magnitude-based pruning [Frankle, J., & Carbin, M. (2018). The lottery ticket hypothesis: Finding sparse, trainable neural networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.03635.].

The codes are based on PyTorch 1.1.

The experiments reported in the paper were performed using Tensorflow. However, the backbone of the codes was refactored from the official Tensorflow benchmark (https://github.com/tensorflow/benchmarks/tree/master/scripts/tf_cnn_benchmarks), which was designed in the pursuit of extreme speed, not readability. So I decided to re-implement it in PyTorch to save time for both readers and me.

Citation:

@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/nips/DingDZGHL19,
    author    = {Xiaohan Ding and
               Guiguang Ding and
               Xiangxin Zhou and
               Yuchen Guo and
               Jungong Han and
               Ji Liu},
    editor    = {Hanna M. Wallach and
               Hugo Larochelle and
               Alina Beygelzimer and
               Florence d'Alch{\'{e}}{-}Buc and
               Emily B. Fox and
               Roman Garnett},
    title     = {Global Sparse Momentum {SGD} for Pruning Very Deep Neural Networks},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 32: Annual Conference
               on Neural Information Processing Systems 2019, NeurIPS 2019, 8-14
               December 2019, Vancouver, BC, Canada},
    pages     = {6379--6391},
    year      = {2019},
    url       = {http://papers.nips.cc/paper/8867-global-sparse-momentum-sgd-for-pruning-very-deep-neural-networks},
    timestamp = {Fri, 06 Mar 2020 17:00:41 +0100},
    biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nips/DingDZGHL19.bib},
    bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
  }

## Abstract

Deep Neural Network (DNN) is powerful but computationally expensive and memory intensive, thus impeding its practical usage on resource-constrained front-end devices. DNN pruning is an approach for deep model compression, which aims at eliminating some parameters with tolerable performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a novel momentum-SGD-based optimization method to reduce the network complexity by on-the-fly pruning. Concretely, given a global compression ratio, we categorize all the parameters into two parts at each training iteration which are updated using different rules. In this way, we gradually zero out the redundant parameters, as we update them using only the ordinary weight decay but no gradients derived from the objective function. As a departure from prior methods that require heavy human works to tune the layer-wise sparsity ratios, prune by solving complicated non-differentiable problems or finetune the model after pruning, our method is characterized by 1) global compression that automatically finds the appropriate per-layer sparsity ratios; 2) end-to-end training; 3) no need for a time-consuming re-training process after pruning; and 4) superior capability to find better winning tickets which win the initialization lottery.

## Example Usage
  
This repo holds the example codes for the experiments of finding the winning lottery tickets  by GSM.

1. Install PyTorch 1.1. Clone this repo and enter the directory. Modify PYTHONPATH or you will get an ImportError.
```
export PYTHONPATH='WHERE_YOU_CLONED_THIS_REPO'
```

2. Modify 'CIFAR10_PATH' and 'MNIST_PATH' in dataset.py to the directory of your CIFAR-10 and MNIST datasets. If the datasets are not found, they will be automatically downloaded.

3. Train a ResNet-56 and prune it by 10X via Global Sparse Momentum. The model will be tested every two epochs. Check the average accuracy in the last ten evaluations. Check the sparsity of the pruned model.
```
python gsm/gsm_rc56.py
python show_log.py
python display_hdf5.py gsm_exps/rc56_gsm/finish_pruned.hdf5
```

4. Initialize and train a LeNet-300-100, find the 1/60 winning tickets by GSM and magnitude-based pruning, respectively, and train the winning tickets. Check the final accuracy.
```
python gsm/gsm_lottery_ticket_lenet300.py 60
python show_log.py | grep retrain
```

5. Initialize and train a LeNet-5, find the 1/125 and 1/300 winning tickets by GSM and magnitude-based pruning, respectively, and train the winning tickets. Check the final accuracy.
```
python gsm/gsm_lottery_ticket_lenet5.py 125
python gsm/gsm_lottery_ticket_lenet5.py 300
python show_log.py | grep retrain
```

## Contact

**xiaohding@gmail.com** (The original Tsinghua mailbox dxh17@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn will expire in several months)

Google Scholar Profile: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CIjw0KoAAAAJ&hl=en

Homepage: https://dingxiaohan.xyz/

My open-sourced papers and repos:

The **Structural Re-parameterization Universe**:

1. RepLKNet (CVPR 2022) **Powerful efficient architecture with very large kernels (31x31) and guidelines for using large kernels in model CNNs**\
[Scaling Up Your Kernels to 31x31: Revisiting Large Kernel Design in CNNs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.06717)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/RepLKNet-pytorch).

2. **RepOptimizer** uses **Gradient Re-parameterization** to train powerful models efficiently. The training-time model is as simple as the inference-time. It also addresses the problem of quantization.\
[Re-parameterizing Your Optimizers rather than Architectures](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.15242.pdf)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/RepOptimizers).

3. RepVGG (CVPR 2021) **A super simple and powerful VGG-style ConvNet architecture**. Up to **84.16%** ImageNet top-1 accuracy!\
[RepVGG: Making VGG-style ConvNets Great Again](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03697)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/RepVGG).

4. RepMLP (CVPR 2022) **MLP-style building block and Architecture**\
[RepMLPNet: Hierarchical Vision MLP with Re-parameterized Locality](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.11081)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/RepMLP).

5. ResRep (ICCV 2021) **State-of-the-art** channel pruning (Res50, 55\% FLOPs reduction, 76.15\% acc)\
[ResRep: Lossless CNN Pruning via Decoupling Remembering and Forgetting](https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/ICCV2021/papers/Ding_ResRep_Lossless_CNN_Pruning_via_Decoupling_Remembering_and_Forgetting_ICCV_2021_paper.pdf)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/ResRep).

6. ACB (ICCV 2019) is a CNN component without any inference-time costs. The first work of our Structural Re-parameterization Universe.\
[ACNet: Strengthening the Kernel Skeletons for Powerful CNN via Asymmetric Convolution Blocks](http://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_ICCV_2019/papers/Ding_ACNet_Strengthening_the_Kernel_Skeletons_for_Powerful_CNN_via_Asymmetric_ICCV_2019_paper.pdf).\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/ACNet).

7. DBB (CVPR 2021) is a CNN component with higher performance than ACB and still no inference-time costs. Sometimes I call it ACNet v2 because "DBB" is 2 bits larger than "ACB" in ASCII (lol).\
[Diverse Branch Block: Building a Convolution as an Inception-like Unit](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.13425)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/DiverseBranchBlock).

**Model compression and acceleration**:

1. (CVPR 2019) Channel pruning: [Centripetal SGD for Pruning Very Deep Convolutional Networks with Complicated Structure](http://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_CVPR_2019/html/Ding_Centripetal_SGD_for_Pruning_Very_Deep_Convolutional_Networks_With_Complicated_CVPR_2019_paper.html)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/Centripetal-SGD)

2. (ICML 2019) Channel pruning: [Approximated Oracle Filter Pruning for Destructive CNN Width Optimization](http://proceedings.mlr.press/v97/ding19a.html)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/AOFP)

3. (NeurIPS 2019) Unstructured pruning: [Global Sparse Momentum SGD for Pruning Very Deep Neural Networks](http://papers.nips.cc/paper/8867-global-sparse-momentum-sgd-for-pruning-very-deep-neural-networks.pdf)\
[code](https://github.com/DingXiaoH/GSM-SGD)

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