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react-redux-saga-starter

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Basic, Opinionated starter kit for React+Redux+Redux Saga with support for SCSS CSS Modules, Storybook, JEST testing, and ESLint

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React Redux Saga Starter
===

## Introduction

We decided to use React, Redux, and Redux Sagas as the stack for the frontend of this project. These three when put together take a wholistic approach to solving frontend problems. Together they can accomplish basically anything you want to do on the UI side, though perhaps with some 'unnecessary' complexity.

This project was bootstrapped with [Create React App](https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app), as such most of the Documentation in the [Create-React-App User Guide](https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/blob/master/packages/react-scripts/template/README.md) does apply, we've taken some of the documentation we deemed important or different and included it below.

## Setup

### Dependencies

#### Node > 7.x

#### [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com/) or NPM

#### [Redux CLI](https://github.com/SpencerCDixon/redux-cli)

```
npm install -g redux-cli
```

Provides a Scaffolding cli we employ to create new components, routes, reducers, sagas, and containers. See [Redux CLI commands](#redux-cli-commands) below.

### Installation

1. Clone this repo to your machine.
2. `cd` to the folder in terminal.
3. Run the command `yarn`, or `npm install`.

That's it! Yarn/NPM will install all of the dev and prod dependencies and make everything ready to roll.

### Editor Setup

This project has a `.vscode` directory that will suggest extensions for VSCode when it's opened as a folder. These are what is in that folder as well as some other recommended resources that will help your IDE of choice.

- [EditorConfig](http://editorconfig.org/) - Community project to standardize how we standardize our editor configurations. This project has a `.editorConfig` file and if your editor has an [editor config extension](https://github.com/editorconfig/), this will greatly help keep things standard.
- ESlint - Puts linting suggestions into the IDE. [Atom ESlint](https://atom.io/packages/linter-eslint)
- Babel support - Syntax highlighting and autocompletion for all versions of javascript. [Atom Babel plugin](https://atom.io/packages/language-babel)
- Jest support - VSCode has an extension that runs the Jest Tests while you work and enables some debugging features that are nice. Totally unecessary as the command line will do all of this for you, but it might be nice to have if your editor has something similar.

## Directory Structure

```bash
├── blueprints # Blue print folders
│   ├── component # Blue print for component `redux g component <component name>`
│   ├── container # Blue print for container `redux g container <container name>`
│   ├── reducer # Blue print for reducer `redux g reducer <reducer name>`
│   ├── saga # Blue print for saga `redux g saga <saga name>`
│   └── route # Blue print for routes `redux g route <route name>`
├── config # Contains config for Webpack, jest, etc, created by ejecting create-react-app
├── build # Output for build command
├── public # Contains build-essential non-js files, created by ejecting create-react-app
│ ├── index.html
│ ├── favicon.ico
│ └── manifest.json
├── scripts # Contains npm scripts for build/start/test, created by ejecting create-react-app
│ ├── build.js
│ ├── start.js
│ └── test.js
├── src # app src file
│ ├── __tests__ # root tests folder
│ │ ├── __snapshots__ # storyshots snapshots folder
│ │ └── storyshots.test.js # Initialization for storyshots
│ ├── assets # Images etc..
│ ├── components # React Components
│ │ ├── stories.js # exports all stories
│ │ └── <component name> # root folder for component
│ │ ├── <component name>Component.js # component file
│ │ ├── <component name>Component.test.js # component test file
│ │ ├── <component name>Component.scss # component scss file
│ │ └── <component name>Component.story.js # component story file
│ ├── containers # React Containers
│ │ ├── stories.js # exports all stories
│ │ └── <container name> # root folder for container
│ │ ├── <container name>Container.js # container file
│ │ ├── <container name>Container.test.js # container test file
│ │ └── <container name>Container.story.js # container story file
│ ├── redux # Redux files
│ │ ├── reducers # redux reducers
│ │ │ ├── index.js # combines reducers
│ │ │ └── <reducer name> # root folder for reducer
│ │ │ ├── <reducer name>Reducer.test.js # reducer test file
│ │ │ └── <reducer name>Reducer.js # reducer file
│ │ ├── sagas # redux saga files
│ │ │ ├── index.js # combines all sagas
│ │ │ └── <saga name> # Saga container
│ │ │ ├── <saga name>Saga.test.js # Saga test file
│ │ │ └── <saga name>Saga.js # Saga
│ │ └── store.js # creates and configures the redux store
│ ├── routes # Routes/Pages (maps to routes, similar to views)
│ │ ├── stories.js # Imports and exports all other stories. 
│ │ └── <route name> # root folder for route
│ │ ├── <route name>Route.js # route file
│ │ ├── <route name>Route.story.js # route story file
│ │ └── <route name>Route.test.js # route test file
│ ├── services
│ │ └── <service name>Service
│ │ ├── <service name>Service.js
│ │ └── <service name>Service.test.js
│ └── style
│ ├── resources # all mixins and variables should be in this folder
│ │ ├── _variables.scss # all scss variables
│ └── main.scss # main.scss has all global styles applied directly the html page
├── storybook # storybook config
├── package.json # npm package file
└── yarn.lock # Locks all libraries in place. 
```

## Available Scripts

Each yarn command has an NPM equivalent, usually it's simply `npm run <command>` instead of `yarn command`. In the project's root directory, you can run:

### `yarn start`

Runs the app in the development mode. 
Open [http://localhost:3000](http://localhost:3000) to view it in the browser.

The page will reload if you make edits. 
You will also see any lint errors in the console.

### `yarn test`

Launches the test runner in the interactive watch mode. 
See the section about [running tests](#running-tests) for more information.

### `yarn build`

Builds the app for production to the `build` folder. 
It correctly bundles React in production mode and optimizes the build for the best performance.

The build is minified and the filenames include the hashes. 
Your app is ready to be deployed!

### `yarn storybook`

Starts Storybook, [more info](#storybook) below.
Open [http://localhost:6006](http://localhost:6006) to see it in your browser.

### Redux CLI commands
```bash
redux g component <componentName>
redux g container <containerName>
redux g route <routeName>
redux g reducer <reducerName>
redux g saga <sagaName>
```

Each of these will install a blueprinted version of the respective file kind and all of it's associated files in the correct place in the folder structure.

## Features

This project was created with the following libraries set up from the beginning to provide a solid foundation to build on.

### [React](https://facebook.github.io/react/)

React controls the UI's surface level, rendering the DOM and updating the parts of it that need to update when Redux tells it to. React excells at only updating the parts of the DOM that need to be updated, rather than re-rendering the whole thing.

### [Redux](http://redux.js.org/)

Redux controls the Application's "state", which is basically a snapshot of the current status of everything in the application. When information is fetched from a server, it's stored in state. When a user is logged in, state records that. When a user performs an action that the UI must respond to in locations other than in the immediate vicinity of that action, "state" is what orchestrates that.

State is managed through reducers. Reducers are basically a grouping of actions that modify state based on the action passed to it. Think of this as where the Logic controlling the UI goes.

### [Redux Saga](https://redux-saga.js.org/)

Redux Sagas is a "middleware" that sits between redux and react. It handles what are called "side effects," which is to say "anything that the application itself does not control." These are mostly used for server calls. While it's almost possible to be certain that the same input to a server will always return the same output, it's never 100% assured. If the server is down, something bad might happen to your UI. Redux and Redux sagas provide tools to handle unexpected eventualities gracefully, and are easy to unit test.

### [React Router v4](https://reacttraining.com/react-router/)

This is the React Community's current go-to for creating routes and navigation within a react application. v4 did a major overhaul from previous versions so I'd recommend checking out the docs.

### [Recompose](https://github.com/acdlite/recompose)

Recompose is a toolbelt to enhance the creation of functional React components.

### [Redux Actions](https://github.com/acdlite/redux-actions)

Makes creating reducers simpler, providing a "flux-standard" action utility belt. Basically cuts down on the amount of code you have to write by hand in a reducer by filling in the standard code.

### [Axios](https://github.com/mzabriskie/axios)

HTTP requests made easy.

### [Storybook](https://storybook.js.org/)

Provides a sandbox environment for creating components. Lets you see individual compoents without the context of the rest of the application during development. Useful for things like Error messages and other components seen rarely in the app itself. Purely for development Quality of Life.

### [Storyshots](https://github.com/storybooks/storybook/tree/master/addons/storyshots)

Provides snapshot UI testing based on the stories in storybook. This ensures that any modifications to the UI are intentional, as they will fail unit tests until the snapshots are updated. Useful for ensuring no unexpected changes happen when one component is modified that changes multiple locations in the application.

### [Jest](https://facebook.github.io/jest/)

React's standard testing suite.

### [Enzyme](https://github.com/airbnb/enzyme)

Javascript testing utility for React that makes assertions and manipulations easier. Allows things like button click simulations and mock function calls for testing.

### [SCSS](http://sass-lang.com/)

SASS is "Syntactically Awesome StyleSheets." It allows a lot of QoL improvements for working in CSS.

### [Sass Resources Loader](https://github.com/shakacode/sass-resources-loader)

Small webpack loader that automatically imports global resources into each scss file. These are located in the `/src/style/resources` directory.

### [CSS Modules](https://github.com/css-modules/css-modules)

CSS Modules prevent one of the most common CSS problems, overriding classes with rampant specificity issues. If two components have the same class names their attributes will combine to create unexpected results. CSS modules take measures to make each classname Unique from each other class name. Every component has it's own stylesheet in this project, to use those classes, the stylesheet must be imported into the component. This ends up namespacing classes in such a way that they're sure never to conflict with eachother. See [Adding a Stylesheet](#adding-a-stylesheet) below for more information.

### [Webpack](https://webpack.github.io/)

Rather than relying on Gulp or Grunt or any other scripts to bundle our project at the end, we use create-react-app's default Webpack setup, with a few modifications to allow our SCSS modules. Running `yarn build` will tell webpack to create a production-ready bundle.

Working with this setup
====

## Changing the Page `<title>`

You can find the source HTML file in the `public` folder of the generated project. You may edit the `<title>` tag in it to change the title from “React App” to anything else.

Note that normally you wouldn’t edit files in the `public` folder very often. For example, [adding a stylesheet](#adding-a-stylesheet) is done without touching the HTML.

If you need to dynamically update the page title based on the content, you can use the browser [`document.title`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/title) API. For more complex scenarios when you want to change the title from React components, you can use [React Helmet](https://github.com/nfl/react-helmet), a third party library.

## Adding a Stylesheet

This project uses a Webpack setup that enables SCSS files to be used as CSS Modules. It also incorporates [sass resource loader](https://github.com/shakacode/sass-resources-loader), so you don't have to import global variable files into each stylesheet. Simply keep your global sass files in `/src/style/resources` and webpack will do the rest.

### `Button.scss`

```css
.button {
  padding: 20px;
}
```

### `Button.js`

```js
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import styles from './Button.scss'; // Tell Webpack that Button.js uses these styles

class Button extends Component {
 render() {
 // You can use them as regular CSS styles
 return <div className={styles.button} />;
 }
}
```

## Adding Images, Fonts, and Files

With Webpack, using static assets like images and fonts works similarly to CSS.

You can **`import` a file right in a JavaScript module**. This tells Webpack to include that file in the bundle. Unlike CSS imports, importing a file gives you a string value. This value is the final path you can reference in your code, e.g. as the `src` attribute of an image or the `href` of a link to a PDF.

To reduce the number of requests to the server, importing images that are less than 10,000 bytes returns a [data URI](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/Data_URIs) instead of a path. This applies to the following file extensions: bmp, gif, jpg, jpeg, and png. SVG files are excluded due to [#1153](https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/1153).

Here is an example:

```js
import React from 'react';
import logo from './logo.png'; // Tell Webpack this JS file uses this image

console.log(logo); // /logo.84287d09.png

function Header() {
 // Import result is the URL of your image
 return <img src={logo} alt="Logo" />;
}

export default Header;
```

This ensures that when the project is built, Webpack will correctly move the images into the build folder, and provide us with correct paths.

This works in CSS too:

```css
.Logo {
  background-image: url(./logo.png);
}
```

Webpack finds all relative module references in CSS (they start with `./`) and replaces them with the final paths from the compiled bundle. If you make a typo or accidentally delete an important file, you will see a compilation error, just like when you import a non-existent JavaScript module. The final filenames in the compiled bundle are generated by Webpack from content hashes. If the file content changes in the future, Webpack will give it a different name in production so you don’t need to worry about long-term caching of assets.

## Running Tests

This project uses [Jest](https://facebook.github.io/jest/) as its test runner.

Jest is a Node-based runner. This means that the tests always run in a Node environment and not in a real browser. This lets us enable fast iteration speed and prevent flakiness.

While Jest provides browser globals such as `window` thanks to [jsdom](https://github.com/tmpvar/jsdom), they are only approximations of the real browser behavior. Jest is intended to be used for unit tests of your logic and your components rather than the DOM quirks.

We recommend that you use a separate tool for browser end-to-end tests if you need them. They are beyond the scope of Create React App.

### Filename Conventions

Jest will look for test files with any of the following popular naming conventions:

* Files with `.js` suffix in `__tests__` folders.
* Files with `.test.js` suffix.
* Files with `.spec.js` suffix.

The `.test.js` / `.spec.js` files (or the `__tests__` folders) can be located at any depth under the `src` top level folder.

We recommend to put the test files (or `__tests__` folders) next to the code they are testing so that relative imports appear shorter. For example, if `App.test.js` and `App.js` are in the same folder, the test just needs to `import App from './App'` instead of a long relative path. Colocation also helps find tests more quickly in larger projects.

### Watch Mode

When you run `yarn test -- --watch`, Jest will launch in the watch mode. Every time you save a file, it will re-run the tests, just like `yarn start` recompiles the code.

The watcher includes an interactive command-line interface with the ability to run all tests, or focus on a search pattern. It is designed this way so that you can keep it open and enjoy fast re-runs. You can learn the commands from the “Watch Usage” note that the watcher prints after every run:

![Jest watch mode](http://facebook.github.io/jest/img/blog/15-watch.gif)

### Version Control Integration

By default, when you run `yarn test`, Jest will only run the tests related to files changed since the last commit. This is an optimization designed to make your tests runs fast regardless of how many tests you have. However it assumes that you don’t often commit the code that doesn’t pass the tests.

Jest will always explicitly mention that it only ran tests related to the files changed since the last commit. You can also press `a` in the watch mode to force Jest to run all tests.

### Writing Tests

To create tests, add `it()` (or `test()`) blocks with the name of the test and its code. You may optionally wrap them in `describe()` blocks for logical grouping but this is neither required nor recommended.

Jest provides a built-in `expect()` global function for making assertions. A basic test could look like this:

```js
import sum from './sum';

it('sums numbers', () => {
  expect(sum(1, 2)).toEqual(3);
  expect(sum(2, 2)).toEqual(4);
});
```

All `expect()` matchers supported by Jest are [extensively documented here](http://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/expect.html). 
You can also use [`jest.fn()` and `expect(fn).toBeCalled()`](http://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/expect.html#tohavebeencalled) to create “spies” or mock functions.

### Coverage Reporting

Jest has an integrated coverage reporter that works well with ES6 and requires no configuration. 
Run `yarn test -- --coverage` (note extra `--` in the middle) to include a coverage report like this:

![coverage report](http://i.imgur.com/5bFhnTS.png)

Note that tests run much slower with coverage so it is recommended to run it separately from your normal workflow.

We enforce a certain coverage percentage to commit.

### Snapshot Testing

We enable snapshot testing through the storybook addon: [Storyshots](https://github.com/storybooks/storybook). It automatically generates snapshots of the UI components and compares them so that you're notified of when the UI changes. You'll have to update these storyshots after examining them to make sure things didn't change unexpectedly.

### Editor Integration

If you use [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com), there is a [Jest extension](https://github.com/orta/vscode-jest) which works with Create React App out of the box. This provides a lot of IDE-like features while using a text editor: showing the status of a test run with potential fail messages inline, starting and stopping the watcher automatically, and offering one-click snapshot updates.

![VS Code Jest Preview](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/49038/20795349/a032308a-b7c8-11e6-9b34-7eeac781003f.png)

## Storybook

>React Storybook is a UI development environment for your React components. With it, you can visualize different states of your UI components and develop them interactively.

[Storybook](https://storybook.js.org/) is a way to build and test component in isolation from eachother and from state. Basically it's a component-sandbox environment where you can adjust and solidify individual components without the hassle of finding them in the app itself.

To use Storybook with React Router elements. (E.g. if the component has a Link element), you'll need to add a [storybook-router](https://github.com/gvaldambrini/storybook-router) decorator to the Stories of that route or component.

```js
import StoryRouter from 'storybook-router'

// ...

storiesOf('Params', module)
 .addDecorator(StoryRouter())
 .add('params', () => (
 <ComponentParams/>
 ))
```

## Code Splitting

We use component Splitting via Route which is set up in `src/routes/root/rootScene`.

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