Git-Bash-Cheatsheet

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Git-Bash-Cheatsheet

★ 9 Open GitHub ↗

Basic Commands Of Git Bash

// repository documentation

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- ### opening visual studio Code
      code
- ### For making a Directory : 
      mkdir directory_name 
- ### For Changing the Directory : 
      cd directory_name 
- ### Going back to previous directory
      cd ..
- ### Going back to root directory
      cd ../
- ### For showing all the directories/files in current path
      ls
- ### For Creating a file in a directory/folder : 
      touch filename.fileExtension
- ### For Getting Path of Current directory
      pwd
- ### For clearing all the command history
      clear
- ### For initializing a git repository : 
      git init
- ### For Cloning A repository : 
      git clone HTTPS_link_of_GITHUB_repository
- ### For showing all the changes made in a repository : 
      git status
- ### For staging a particular file which is not staged :
      git add filename.fileExtension
- ### For staging all the files 
      git add -A
  ### or
      git add --all
- ### For staging all the files which are descendant of current directory
      git add .
- ### For staging all the files except the deleted files
      git add *
- ### For staging all the files of a similar type
      git add *.fileExtension

### One may think that "git add ." and "git add --all" are same . But They are not same If current directory is a root directory then "git add ." and "git add --all" will be same otherwise they are not same . "git add ." only stage the files which are descendant of current directory 
- ### For unstaging all the staged files 
 git reset
- ### For commiting Locally : 
 git commit 
 ### or 
 git commit -m "Reason for Commit" 
 ### or 
 git commit -m "Reason for Commit" -m "description of commit"
- ### For Unstaging all the committed files 
 git reset HEAD~
- ### For getting the deleted files back
 git reset --hard
- ### For deleting a file which is staged after updating / not totally updated 
 git rm fileName.fileExtension
- ### For deleting a file forcefully ( That means the file is not staged after updating)
 git rm fileName.fileExtension -f
- ### file will not be deleted in actual working directory but it will be showed in the commit that it is deleted
 git rm --cached fileName.fileExtension
- ### for deleting all the files in the folder
 git rm folderName
- ### for deleting all the files/directories that are descendant to the folder
 git rm -r folderName
- ### For showing all the branches 
 git branch
- ### For creating a branch 
 git branch branch_name
 ### When we create a new branch it contains all the directories/files from it's current branch 
- ### For Switching a Branch 
 git checkout branch_name
- ### For renaming a Branch both locally and remotely
 ### Step 01: 
 ### Start by switching to the local branch which you want to rename:
 git checkout "old_name"
 ### Step 02: 
 ### Rename the local branch by typing:
 git branch -m "new_name"
 ### Step 03 : 
 ### At this point, you have renamed the local branch.

### If you’ve already pushed the "old_name" branch to the remote repository , perform the next steps to rename the remote branch.

### Push the <new_name> local branch and reset the upstream branch:
 git push origin -u "new_name"
 ### Step 04: 
 ### Delete the "old_name" remote branch:
 git push origin --delete <old_name>

- ### If we make any changes that can be updating,inserting or deleting a file in a branch and commit it , then it doesn't affect the other branches. If we visit other branches we will not see any changes there though we made some changes in our previous branch.

- ### Suppose In our System There is two branches , One is Branch_1 and other one is Branch_2  . In Branch_1 we made a change in file1.txt and in Branch_2 we made a change in file2.txt . Now I am in Branch_1 and I also like to include the changes in file2.txt which was made in Branch _2 . How to do it ??? We can use git merge to do it .
      git merge branch_2 -m "Some message"
  ### or
      git merge branch_2
  ### Now Branch_1 will also include the changes made in Branch_2 . Same process applies for Branch_2 also if we want to include the changes made in Branch_1.
      git merge branch_1 -m "Some message"
  ### or
      git merge branch_1

- ### Now Suppose In our system from both of our branches Branch_1 and Branch_2 we made a change in a single file file1.txt . Now is it possible to merge ??? 
 ### No , If we try to merge then It will show us a error message and will suggest us to resolve the merge conflict . After resolving the Conflict it will be possible to merge .

- ### After doing Commit How to Push all the changes we made in local repository to remote reopository .
 git push origin branch_name
- ### Now Suppose We made some changes in our remote repository and we would like to get this changes in our working directory . How to do it ? We can do it in two way one is by 'fetch' and other way is by 'pull'
 - ### fetch : 'fetch' can get all the changes made in remote repository to our local repository but not in our working directory . So just doing the fetch command we will not be able to see the changes in our working directory . For this we will also have to another merge command. So the command will be 
 ### Step 1 : 
 git fetch origin branch_name
 ### or 
 git fetch
 ### Step 2 :
 git merge origin branch_name
 ### or 
 git merge
 - ### pull : 'pull' can get all the changes direct to our working directory unlike remote repository . We don't have to merge .
 git pull origin branch_name
 ### or 
 git pull
 
 
 - ### How to change the URI (URL) for a remote Git repository?
 ### Step 01: 
 ### Check Current URL
 git remote -v 
 #### suppose current repository is https://github.com/user/repo.git
 ### Step 02: 
 ### Change Current URL 
 git remote set-url origin https://github.com/user/repo2.git
 ### Step 03 : 
 ### check Changed Url 
 git remote -v 
 #### now it will display https://github.com/user/repo2.git

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