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JavaScript object detection lightweight library for augmented reality (WebXR demos included). It uses convolutional neural networks running on the GPU with WebGL.

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README.md

// repository documentation

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# JavaScript/WebGL lightweight object detection and tracking library for WebAR

**WARNING: this repository is deprecated and not maintained anymore. Please use [WebAR.rocks.object](https://github.com/WebAR-rocks/WebAR.rocks.object) instead.**

<p align="center">
<a href='https://youtu.be/a09NSXp_ENU'><img src='https://img.youtube.com/vi/a09NSXp_ENU/0.jpg'></a>
<br/>
<i><a href='https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/threejs/ARCoffee/' target='_blank'>Standalone AR Coffee</a> - Enjoy a free coffee offered by <a href='https://jeeliz.com'>Jeeliz</a>!<br/>
  The coffee cup is detected and a 3D animation is played in augmented reality.<br/>
  This demo only relies on JeelizAR and THREE.JS.</i>
</p>

## Table of contents

* [Features](#features)
* [Architecture](#architecture)
* [Demonstrations](#demonstrations)
  * [Standalone demos](#standard-browser-demos)
  * [WebXR viewer demos](#webxr-viewer-demos)
  * [8thWall demos](#8thWall-demos)
* [Specifications](#specifications)
  * [Get started](#get-started)
  * [Initialization arguments](#initialization-arguments)
  * [The Detection function](#the-detection-function)
  * [Other methods](#other-methods)
  * [Video cropping](#video-cropping)
  * [Scan settings](#scan-settings)
  * [WebXR integration](#webxr-integration)
  * [Error codes](#error-codes)
  * [Hosting](#hosting)
  * [Using the ES6 module](#using-the-es6-module)
* [Neural network models](#neural-network-models)
* [About the tech](#about-the-tech)
  * [Under the hood](#under-the-hood)
  * [Compatibility](#compatibility)
* [License](#license)
* [See also](#see-also)
* [References](#references)

## Features

Here are the main features of the library:

* object detection
* webcam video feed capture using a helper
* on the fly neural network change
* demonstrations with [WebXR](https://blog.mozilla.org/blog/2017/10/20/bringing-mixed-reality-web/) integration

## Architecture

* `/demos/`: source code of the demonstrations,
* `/dist/`: heart of the library: 
  * `jeelizAR.js`: main minified script,
* `/helpers/`: scripts which can help you to use this library in some specific use cases (like WebXR),
* `/libs/`: 3rd party libraries and 3D engines used in the demos,
* `/neuralNets/`: neural network models.

## Demonstrations
These are some demonstrations of this library. Some requires a specific setup.

You can subscribe to the [Jeeliz Youtube channel](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3XmXH1T3d1XFyOhrRiiUeA) or to the [@StartupJeeliz Twitter account](https://twitter.com/StartupJeeliz) to be kept informed of our cutting edge developments.

If you have made an application or a fun demonstration using this library, we would love to see it and insert a link here! Contact us on [Twitter @StartupJeeliz](https://twitter.com/StartupJeeliz) or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/jeeliz).

### Standard browser demos
These demonstrations work in a standard web browser. They only require webcam access.

* Simple object recognition using the webcam (for debugging): [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/debugDetection/) [source code](/demos/debugDetection/)
* Cat recognition (displayed as header of [https://jeeliz.com](jeeliz.com) for desktop computers only): [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/cat/) [source code](/demos/cat/) [Youtube video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqvweemM_-I)
* THREE.js Sprite 33cl (12oz) can detection demo: [source code](/demos/threejs/sprite/) [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/threejs/sprite/)
* Standalone AR Coffee demo: [source code](/demos/threejs/ARCoffee) [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/threejs/ARCoffee/) [Youtube video](https://youtu.be/a09NSXp_ENU)
* Amazon Sumerian Sprite 33cl (12oz) detection demo: [source code](/demos/amazonSumerian) [live demo](https://f9db302269f94d7fafed339cf6c11152.us-east-2.sumerian.aws/) [Youtube video on mobile](https://youtu.be/twXGObgloNY)

### WebXR viewer demos
To run these demonstrations, you need a web browser implementing WebXR. We hope it will be implemented soon in all web browsers! 
* If you have and IOS device (Ipad, Iphone), you can install [WebXR viewer](https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/webxr-viewer/id1295998056?mt=8) from the Apple store. It is developped by the Mozilla Fundation. It is a modified Firefox with WebXR implemented using ArKit. You can then open the demonstrations from the URL bar of the application.
* For Android devices, it should work with [WebARonARCore](https://github.com/google-ar/WebARonARCore), but we have not tested yet. Your device should still be compatible with *ARCore*.

Then you can run these demos:
* WebXR object labelling: [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/webxr/) [source code](/demos/webxr/)
* WebXR coffee: [live demo](https://jeeliz.com/demos/augmentedReality/demos/webxrCoffee/) [source code](/demos/webxrCoffee/) [Youtube video](https://youtu.be/9klHhWxZHoc)

### 8thWall demos
These demos run in a standard web browser on mobile or tablet. They rely on the amazing [8th Wall AR engine](https://8thwall.com/). We use the web version of the engine and we started from the THREE.JS web sample. The web engine is not released publicly yet, so you need to:
* host this repository using a local HTTPS server,
* get an API key for the web SDK from 8th wall (subscribe and ask for an access),
* write the key in the `index.html` of the demo you want to try (search and replace `<WEBAPPKEY>` by your real key),
* you need to validate the specific device using a QR code or a link (it is very well explained in the 8th wall *get started* document).

The demo:
* AR Coffee: [source code](/demos/8thWallARCoffee/) [Youtube video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3j7uB4-063w)

## Specifications

### Get started
The most basic integration example of this library is the first demo, the [debug detection demo](/demos/debugDetection/).
In `index.html`, we include in the `<head>` section the main library script, `/dist/jeelizAR.js`, the `MediaStramAPI` (formerly called `getUserMedia API`) helper, `/helpers/JeelizMediaStreamAPIHelper.js` and the demo script, `demo.js`:

```html
<script src = "../../dist/jeelizAR.js"></script>
<script src = "../../helpers/JeelizMediaStreamAPIHelper.js"></script>
<script src = "demo.js"></script>
```

In the `<body>` section of `index.html`, we put a `<canvas>` element which will be used to initialize the WebGL context used by the library for deep learning computation, and to possibly display a debug rendering:

```html
<canvas id = 'debugJeeARCanvas'></canvas>
```

Then, in `demo.js`, we get the Webcam video feed after the loading of the page using the `MediaStream API` helper:

```javascript
JeelizMediaStreamAPIHelper.get(DOMVIDEO, init, function(){
  alert('Cannot get video bro :(');
}, {
  video: true //mediaConstraints
  audio: false
})
```

You can replace this part by a static video, and you can also provide [Media Contraints](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Media_Streams_API/Constraints) to specify the video resolution.
When the video feed is captured, the callback function `init` is launched. It initializes this library:

```javascript
function init(){

JEEARAPI.init({
    canvasId: 'debugJeeARCanvas',
    video: DOMVIDEO,
    callbackReady: function(errLabel){
      if (errLabel){
        alert('An error happens bro: ',errLabel);
      } else {
        load_neuralNet();
      }
    }
  });

}
```

The function `load_neuralNet` loads the neural network model:

```javascript
function load_neuralNet(){
  JEEARAPI.set_NN('../../neuralNets/basic4.json', function(errLabel){
    if (errLabel){
      console.log('ERROR: cannot load the neural net', errLabel);
    } else {
      iterate();
    }
  }, options);
}
```
Instead of giving the URL of the neural network, you can also give the parsed JSON object.

The function `iterate` starts the iteration loop:

```javascript
function iterate(){
  var detectState = JEEARAPI.detect(3);
  if (detectState.label){
    console.log(detectState.label, 'IS DETECTED YEAH !!!');
  }
  window.requestAnimationFrame(iterate);
}
```

### Initialization arguments
The `JEEARAPI.init` takes a dictionary as argument with these properties:
* `<video> video`: HTML5 video element (can come from the MediaStream API helper). If `false`, update the source texture from a `videoFrameBuffer object` provided when calling `JEEARAPI.detect(...)` (like in WebXR demos),
* `<dict> videoCrop`: see [Video crop section](video-cropping) for more details
* `<function> callbackReady`: callback function launched when ready or if there was an error. Called with the error label or `false`,
* `<string> canvasId`: id of the canvas from which the WebGL context used for deep learning processing will be created,
* `<canvas> canvas`: if `canvasId` is not provided, you can also provide directly the `<canvas>` element
* `<dict> scanSettings`: see [Scan settings section](scan-settings) for more details
* `<boolean> isDebugRender`: Boolean. If true, a debug rendering will be displayed on the `<canvas>` element. Useful for debugging, but it should be set to `false` for production because it wastes GPU computing resources,
* `<int> canvasSize`: size of the detection canvas in pixels (should be square). Special value `-1` keep the canvas size. Default: `512`.
* `<boolean> followZRot`: only works with neural network models outputing pitch, roll and yaw angles. Crop the input window using the roll of the current detection during the tracking stage,
* `[<float>, <float>] ZRotRange`: only works if `followZRot = true`. Randomize initial rotation angle. Values are in radians. Default: `[0,0]`.

### The Detection function
The function which triggers the detection is `JEEARAPI.detect(<int>nDetectionsPerLoop, <videoFrame>frame, <dictionary>options)`.
* `<int> nDetectionPerLoop` is the number of consecutive detections proceeded. The higher it is, the faster the detection will be. But it may slow down the whole application if it is too high because the function call will consume too much GPU resources. A value between `3` and `6` is advised. If the value is `0`, the number of detection per loop is adaptative between `1` and `6` with an initial value of `3`,
* `<videoFrame> frame` is used only with WebXR demos (see [WebXR integration section](#webxr-integration)). Otherwise set it to `null`,
* `<dictionary> options` is an optional dictionary which can have these properties:
  * `<float> thresholdDetectFactor`: a factor applied on the detection thresholds for the detected object. The default value is `1`. For example if it equals `0.5`, the detection will be 2 times easier.
  * `<string> cutShader`: Tweak the default shader used to crop the video area. The possible values are:
    * For WebXR viewer demos:
      * `null`: default value, does not apply a filter and keep RGBA channels,
      * `IOS`: value optimized of IOS devices for WebXR usage only. Copy the red channel into the other color channels and apply a 5 pixels median filter
    * For default use:
      * `median`: apply a 3x3 median filter on RGB channels separately,
      * `null`: default value, does not apply a filter and keep RGBA channels
  * `<boolean> isSkipConfirmation`: makes detection easier (more sensitive) but can trigger more false positives. Default: `false`,
  * `<boolean> isKeepTracking`: If we should keep tracking an object after its detection. Default: `false`,
  * `[<float>,<float>,<float>] trackingFactors`: tracking sensitivity for translation along X,Y axis and scale. Default: `1.0`,
  * `<float> thresholdDetectFactorUnstitch`: stop tracking if detection threshold is below this value. Used only if `isKeepTracking=true`. Should be smaller than `thresholdDetectFactor`,
  * `<float> secondNeighborFactor`: Do not confirm an object if another object has a detection score of at least `secondNeighborFactor * objectDetectionScore`. Default value is `0.7`,
  * `<int> nLocateAutomoves`: number of detection step in the `LOCATE` stage (juste move the input detection window with noise) (default: `10`),
  * `<float> locateMoveNoiseAmplitude`: noise during the `LOCATE` stage, relative to input window dimensions (default: `0.01`),
  * `<int> nConfirmAutoMoves`: number of detection steps during the `CONFIRM` stage (default: `8`),
  * `<float> thresholdConfirmOffset`: abord CONFIRM stage if detection score is below the object detection threshold + this value (default: `-0.02`),
  * `<float> confirmMoveNoiseAmplitude`: noise during the `CONFIRM` stage, relative to input window dimensions (default: `0.01`),
  * `<int> nConfirmUnstitchMoves`: in keep tracking mode (`isKeepTracking = true`, stop the tracking after this number of unsuccessful detections (default: `20`),
  * `[<float> position, <float> angle]`: if ambiguous detection (2 objects have close scores) during the `CONFIRM` stage, tilt the input window. First value is relative to window dimensions, the second is the angle in degrees ( default: `[0.1, 10]`),
  * `<float> confirmScoreMinFactorDuringAutoMove`: During confirm stage, minimum score for each move. If the score is smaller than this value, come back to the sweep stage. Default is `0.3`.

The detection function returns an object, `detectState`. For optimization purpose it is assigned by reference, not by value. It is a dictionary with these properties:
* `<float> distance`: learning distance, ie distance between the camera and the object during the training of the dataset. Gives a clue about the real scale of the object,
* `<bool/string> label`: `false` if no object is detected, otherwise the label of the detected object. It is always in uppercase letters and it depends on the neural network,
* `<array4> positionScale`: array of floats storing 4 values: `[x,y,sx,sy]` where `x` and `y` are the normalized relative positions of the center of the detected object. `sx`, `sy` are the relative normalized scale factors of the detection window:
  * `x` is the position on the horizontal axis. It goes from `0` (left) to `1` (right),
  * `y` is the position on the vertical axis. It goes from `0` (bottom) to `1` (top),
  * `sx` is the scale on the horizontal axis. It goes from `0` (the size is null) to `1` (full size on horizontal axis),
  * `sy` is the scale on the vertical axis. It goes from `0` (null size) to `1` (full size on vertical axis),
* `<float> yaw`: the angle in radian of the rotation of the object around the vertical (Y) axis,
* `<float> detectScore`: detection score of the detected object, between `0` (bad detection) and `1` (very good detection).

### Other methods
* `JEEARAPI.set_NN(<string> neuralNetworkPath, <function> callback)`: switches the neural network, and call a function when it is finished, either with `false` as argument or with an error label,
* `JEEARAPI.reset_state()`: returns to sweep mode,
* `JEEARAPI.get_aspectRatio()`: returns the aspect ratio `<width>/<height>` of the input source,
* `JEEARAPI.set_scanSettings(<dict> scanSettings)`: see [Scan settings section](#scan-settings) for more informations.

### WebXR integration
The WebXR demos principal code is directly in the `index.html` files. The 3D part is handled by *THREE.JS*.
The starting point of the demos is the examples provided by [WebXR viewer by the Mozilla Fundation]([github repository of demos](https://github.com/mozilla/webxr-polyfill/tree/master/examples)).

We use *Jeeliz AR* through a specific helper, `helpers/JeelizWebXRHelper.js` and we strongly advise to use this helper for your WebXR demos.
With the IOS implementation, it handles the video stream conversion (the video stream is given as *YCbCr* buffers. We take only the *Y* buffer and we apply a median filter on it.).

### Error codes
* Initialization errors (returned by `JEEARAPI.init` `callbackReady` callback):
  * `"GL_INCOMPATIBLE"`: WebGL is not available, or this WebGL configuration is not enough (there is no WebGL2, or there is WebGL1 without OES_TEXTURE_FLOAT or OES_TEXTURE_HALF_FLOAT extension),
  * `"ALREADY_INITIALIZED"`: the API has been already initialized,
  * `"GLCONTEXT_LOST"`: The WebGL context was lost. If the context is lost after the initialization, the `callbackReady` function will be launched a second time with this value as error code,
  * `"INVALID_CANVASID"`: cannot found the `<canvas>` element in the DOM. This error can be triggered only if `canvasId` is provided to the `init()` method.
* Neural network loading errors (returned by `JEEARAPI.set_NN` callback function):
  * `"INVALID_NN"`: The neural network model is invalid or corrupted,
  * `"NOTFOUND_NN"`: The neural network model is not found, or a HTTP error occured during the request.

### Video cropping
The video crop parameters can be provided. It works only if the input element is a `<video>` element. By default, there is no video cropping (the whole video image is taken as input). The video crop settings can be provided:
* At the initialization process,  when `JEEARAPI.init` is called, using the parameter `videoCrop`,
* After the initialization, by calling `JEEARAPI.set_videoCrop(<dict> videoCrop)`

The dictionnary `videoCrop` is either false (no videoCrop), or has the following parameters:
* `<int> x`: horizontal position of the lower left corner of the cropped area, in pixels,
* `<int> y`: vertical position of lower left corner of the cropped area, in pixels,
* `<int> w`: width of the cropped area, in pixels,
* `<int> h`: height of the cropped area, in pixels.

### Scan settings
Scan settings can be provided:
* At the initialization process, when `JEEARAPI.init` is called, using the parameter `scanSettings`
* After the initialization, by calling `JEEARAPI.set_scanSettings(<dict> scanSettings)`

The dictionnary `scanSettings` has the following properties:
* `<float> margins`: margin. Do not try to detect if the center of the detection window is too close to the borders. `0`→ no margin, `1`→ 100% margins. Default: `0.1`,
* `<int> nSweepXYsteps`: number of translation steps for a given scale. Default: `6*6=36`,
* `<int> nSweepSsteps`: number of scale steps. Total number of translation steps `=nSweepXYsteps*nSweepSsteps`. Default: `4`,
* `[<float>,<float>] sweepScaleRange`: range of the detection window scale. 1→ whole window minimum dimension (between width and height). Do not take account of margins. Default: `[0.3, 0.7]`,
* `<int> sweepStepMinPx`: minimum size of a step in pixels. Default: `16`,
* `<boolean> sweepShuffle`: if we should shuffle scan positions or not. Default: `true`.

### Hosting
The demonstrations should be hosted on a static HTTPS server with a valid certificate. Otherwise WebXR or MediaStream API may not be available.

Be careful to enable gzip compression for at least JSON files. The neuron network model can be quite heavy, but fortunately it is well compressed with GZIP.

### Using the ES6 module
`/dist/jeelizAR.module.js` is exactly the same than `/dist/jeelizAR.js` except that it works with ES6, so you can import it directly using:

```javascript
import 'dist/jeelizAR.module.js'
```

## Neural network models
We provide several neural network models in the [/neuralNets/](/neuralNets/) path. We will regularly add new neural networks in this Git repository. We can also provide specific neural network training services. Please [contact us here](https://jeeliz.com/contact-us/) for pricing and details. You can find here:

| model file    		   | detected labels 			    | input size   | detection cost | reliability | remarks |
| :---         			   | :---        				      | :---         |     :---:      |     :---:   |  :---   |
| `basic4.json`   		 | CUP,CHAIR,BICYCLE,LAPTOP |  128*128px   | **			        |     **      |  |
| `basic4Light.json`          | CUP,CHAIR,BICYCLE,LAPTOP |  64*64px     | *				      |      *      |  |
| `cat.json`                  | CAT                      |  64*64px     | ***            |      ***    | detect cat face  |
| `sprite0.json`              | SPRITECAN                |  128*128px   | ***            |      ***    | standalone network (6D detection) |
| `ARCoffeeStandalone01.json` | CUP                |  64*64px   | **            |      ***    | standalone network (6D detection) |

The input size is the resolution of the input image of the network. The detection window is not static: it slides along the video both for position and scale. If you use this library with WebXR and IOS, the video resolution will be `480*270` pixels, so a `64*64` pixels input will be enough. If for example you used a `128*128` pixels input neural network model, the input image would often need to be enlarged before being given as input.

## About the tech
### Under the hood
This library uses Jeeliz WebGL Deep Learning technology to detect objects. The neural network is trained using a 3D engine and a dataset of 3D models. All is processed client-side.

### Compatibility
* If `WebGL2` is available, it uses `WebGL2` and no specific extension is required,
* If `WebGL2` is not available but `WebGL1`, we require either `OES_TEXTURE_FLOAT` extension or `OES_TEXTURE_HALF_FLOAT` extension,
* If `WebGL2` is not available, and if `WebGL1` is not available or neither `OES_TEXTURE_FLOAT` or `OES_HALF_TEXTURE_FLOAT` are implemented, the user is not compatible.

If a compatibility error is triggered, please post an issue on this repository. If this is a problem with the webcam access, please first retry after closing all applications which could use your device (Skype, Messenger, other browser tabs and windows, ...). Please include:
* a screenshot of [webglreport.com - WebGL1](http://webglreport.com/?v=1) (about your `WebGL1` implementation),
* a screenshot of [webglreport.com - WebGL2](http://webglreport.com/?v=2) (about your `WebGL2` implementation),
* the log from the web console,
* the steps to reproduce the bug, and screenshots.

## License
[Apache 2.0](http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html). This application is free for both commercial and non-commercial use.

We appreciate attribution by including the [Jeeliz logo](https://jeeliz.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/LOGO_JEELIZ_BLUE.png) and a link to the [Jeeliz website](https://jeeliz.com) in your application or desktop website. Of course we do not expect a large link to Jeeliz over your face filter, but if you can put the link in the credits/about/help/footer section it would be great.

## See also
Jeeliz main face detection and tracking library is c[Jeeliz FaceFilter API](https://github.com/jeeliz/jeelizFaceFilter). It handles multi-face tracking, and for each tracked face it provides the rotation angles and the mouth opening factor. It is perfect to build your own Snapchat/MSQRD like face filters running in the browser. It comes with dozen of integration demo, including a face swap.

Our deep learning based library *Weboji* detects 11 facial expressions in real time from the webcam video feed. Then they are reproduced on an avatar, either in 3D with a THREE.JS renderer or in 2D with a SVG renderer (so you can use it even if you are not a 3D developer). You can access to the github repository [here](https://github.com/jeeliz/jeelizWeboji).

If you just want to detect if the user is looking at the screen or not, [Jeeliz Glance Tracker](https://github.com/jeeliz/jeelizGlanceTracker) is what you are looking for. It can be useful to play and pause a video whether the user is watching or not. This library needs fewer resources and the neural network file is much lighter.

If you want to use this library for glasses virtual try-on (sunglasses, spectacles, ski masks), you can take a look at [Jeeliz VTO widget](https://github.com/jeeliz/jeelizGlassesVTOWidget). It includes a high quality and lightweight 3D engine which implements the following features: deferred shading, PBR, raytraced shadows, normal mapping, ... It also reconstructs the lighting environment around the user (ambient and directional lighting). But the glasses comes from a database hosted in our servers. If you want to add some models, please contact us.

## References
* [ObjectNet3D, dataset used for training](http://cvgl.stanford.edu/projects/objectnet3d/)
* [Jeeliz official website](https://jeeliz.com)
* [WebXR specifications draft](https://immersive-web.github.io/webxr/)
* WebXR for iOS by the Mozilla Fundation: [github repository of the viewer](https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/webxr-ios), [WebXR viewer on Apple Appstore](https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/webxr-viewer/id1295998056), [github repository of demos](https://github.com/mozilla/webxr-polyfill)
* [MDN Media Streams API MediaConstraints doc](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Media_Streams_API/Constraints)
* [Webgl Academy: interactive tutorials about WebGL and THREE.JS](http://www.webglacademy.com)

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