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Revealing the Unstable Foundations of eBPF-Based Kernel Extensions

DepSurf 최신버젼 다운로드

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DepSurf
===

Website for [EuroSys'25](https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/3689031) paper "**Revealing the Unstable Foundations of eBPF-Based Kernel Extensions**"

*Shawn (Wanxiang) Zhong, Jing Liu, Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau*

[Paper](https://depsurf.github.io/assets/paper.pdf) |
[Code](https://github.com/ShawnZhong/DepSurf) | 
[Dataset](https://github.com/ShawnZhong/DepSurf-dataset) | 
[Website](https://depsurf.github.io/) |
[Slides](https://depsurf.github.io/assets/slides.pdf) | 
[Poster](https://depsurf.github.io/assets/poster.pdf)

<details>
<summary>
Abstract
</summary>
eBPF programs significantly enhance kernel capabilities, but encounter substantial compatibility challenges due to their deep integration with unstable kernel internals. We introduce DepSurf, a tool that identifies dependency mismatches between eBPF programs and kernel images. Our analysis of 25 kernel images spanning 8 years reveals that dependency mismatches are pervasive, stemming from kernel source code evolution, diverse configuration options, and intricate compilation processes. We apply DepSurf to 53 real-world eBPF programs, and find that 83% are impacted by dependency mismatches, underscoring the urgent need for systematic dependency analysis. By identifying these mismatches, DepSurf enables a more robust development and maintenance process for eBPF programs, enhancing their reliability across a wide range of kernels.
</details>
<details>
<summary>
Citation
</summary>

```
@inproceedings{10.1145/3689031.3717497,
  author    = {Zhong, Shawn Wanxiang and Liu, Jing and Arpaci-Dusseau, Andrea and Arpaci-Dusseau, Remzi},
  title     = {Revealing the Unstable Foundations of eBPF-Based Kernel Extensions},
  year      = {2025},
  isbn      = {9798400711961},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3689031.3717497},
  doi       = {10.1145/3689031.3717497},
  abstract  = {eBPF programs significantly enhance kernel capabilities, but encounter substantial compatibility challenges due to their deep integration with unstable kernel internals. We introduce DepSurf, a tool that identifies dependency mismatches between eBPF programs and kernel images. Our analysis of 25 kernel images spanning 8 years reveals that dependency mismatches are pervasive, stemming from kernel source code evolution, diverse configuration options, and intricate compilation processes. We apply DepSurf to 53 real-world eBPF programs, and find that 83\% are impacted by dependency mismatches, underscoring the urgent need for systematic dependency analysis. By identifying these mismatches, DepSurf enables a more robust development and maintenance process for eBPF programs, enhancing their reliability across a wide range of kernels.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twentieth European Conference on Computer Systems},
  pages     = {21–41},
  numpages  = {21},
  location  = {Rotterdam, Netherlands},
  series    = {EuroSys '25}
}
```

</details>

## Prerequisites

DepSurf requires Python 3.11 or higher. Tested on Ubuntu 22.04 and Ubuntu 24.04.

We recommend using [uv](https://astral.sh/uv/) for environment setup:

```sh
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
```

Download the source code from GitHub:

```sh
git clone https://github.com/ShawnZhong/DepSurf.git
cd DepSurf
git submodule update --init --recursive
```

Then, you can run the following commands to start Jupyter Lab:

```sh
uv run jupyter lab
```

## Result Reproduction

Please follow the instructions in the following Jupyter notebooks to reproduce the results in the paper.

> [!NOTE]
> We have pre-generated the dataset and made it available at [data/dataset](https://github.com/ShawnZhong/DepSurf-dataset). If you only wish to analyze the results, you may skip `11_download.ipynb` and `20_dataset.ipynb` to save time and disk space.

- [`00_deps.ipynb`](./00_deps.ipynb) installs the dependencies (3 min)

- [`11_download.ipynb`](./11_download.ipynb) downloads the Linux kernel packages (15 min, 23 GB)

- [`20_dataset.ipynb`](./20_dataset.ipynb) generates the dataset (10 min, 20 GB)

- [`30_diff.ipynb`](./30_diff.ipynb) analyzes the dependency surface differences (2 min)

- [`35_src.ipynb`](./35_src.ipynb) generates Table 3 for source code changes

- [`36_breakdown.ipynb`](./36_breakdown.ipynb) generates Table 4 for a breakdown of changes

- [`39_config.ipynb`](./39_config.ipynb) generates Table 5 for configuration differences

- [`40_inline.ipynb`](./40_inline.ipynb) plots Figure 5 for function inlining (3 min)

- [`41_transform.ipynb`](./41_transform.ipynb) plots Figure 6 for function transformations (3 min)

- [`42_dup.ipynb`](./42_dup.ipynb) generates Table 6 for functions with the same name (30 sec)

- [`50_programs.ipynb`](./50_programs.ipynb) analyzes the eBPF programs (5 min)

- [`51_plot.ipynb`](./51_plot.ipynb) plots Figure 4 for dependency report

- [`52_summary.ipynb`](./52_summary.ipynb) generates Table 7 & 8 for summary of dependency set analysis

## Project Structure

- [depsurf](./depsurf): source code of the DepSurf library

- [btf](./depsurf/btf): processing type information

- [diff](./depsurf/diff): diffing the dependency surface

- [funcs](./depsurf/funcs): extracing kernel functions information

- [linux](./depsurf/linux): analyzing Linux kernel images

- [data](./data): data files used in the project

- [dataset](https://github.com/ShawnZhong/DepSurf-dataset): dataset for kernel dependency surfaces

- [software](./data/software): eBPF programs analyzed

- [website](https://github.com/DepSurf/depsurf.github.io): website for DepSurf

- [utils](./utils): helper functions used by the notebooks

DepSurf

DepSurf 최신버젼 다운로드

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DepSurf 최신버젼 다운로드

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