ChainedFixes.jl

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ChainedFixes.jl

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Chain Julias's in fix operators

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# ChainedFixes

[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/Tokazama/ChainedFixes.jl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/Tokazama/ChainedFixes.jl) [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/Tokazama/ChainedFixes.jl/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/Tokazama/ChainedFixes.jl)
[![stable-docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-stable-blue.svg)](https://Tokazama.github.io/ChainedFixes.jl/stable)
[![dev-docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-dev-blue.svg)](https://Tokazama.github.io/ChainedFixes.jl/dev)

`ChainedFixes.jl` provides useful tools for interacting with functions where arguments are fixed to them.

## The `or`, `and` methods

Some simple functionality available form this package is chaining any fixed function.
```julia
julia> using ChainedFixes

julia> gt_or_lt = or(>(10), <(5))
or(>(10), <(5))

julia> gt_or_lt(2)
true

julia> gt_or_lt(6)
false

julia> gt_and_lt = and(>(1), <(5))
and(>(1), <(5))

julia> gt_and_lt(2)
true

julia> gt_and_lt(0)
false
```

There's more convenient syntax for these available in the Julia REPL.
```julia
julia> gt_or_lt = >(10) ⩔ <(5); # \Or<TAB>

julia> gt_or_lt(2)
true

julia> gt_or_lt(6)
false

julia> gt_and_lt = >(1) ⩓ <(5); # \And<TAB>

julia> gt_and_lt(2)
true

julia> gt_and_lt(0)
false
```

## Creating new fixed methods with `@nfix`

Any function can have methods fixed to it with `@nfix`.
```julia
julia> fxn1(x::Integer, y::AbstractFloat, z::AbstractString) = Val(1);

julia> fxn1(x::Integer, y::AbstractString, z::AbstractFloat) = Val(2);

julia> fxn1(x::AbstractFloat, y::Integer, z::AbstractString) = Val(3);

julia> fxn2(; x, y, z) = fxn1(x, y, z);

julia> fxn3(args...; kwargs...) = (fxn1(args...), fxn2(; kwargs...));

julia> f = @nfix fxn1(1, 2.0, _)
fxn1(1, 2.0, _1)

julia> f("a")
Val{1}()

julia> f = @nfix fxn1(1, _, 2.0)
fxn1(1, _1, 2.0)

julia> f("a")
Val{2}()

julia> f = @nfix fxn1(1.0, _, "")
fxn1(1.0, _1, "")

julia> f(2)
Val{3}()

julia> f = @nfix fxn2(x=1, y=2.0)
fxn2(; x = 1, y = 2.0)

julia> f(z = "a")
Val{1}()

julia> f = @nfix fxn2(x=1, z=2.0)
fxn2(; x = 1, z = 2.0)

julia> f(y = "a")
Val{2}()

julia> f = @nfix fxn3(1, 2.0, _; x = 1.0, z= "")
fxn3(1, 2.0, _1; x = 1.0, z = "")

julia> f(""; y = 1)
(Val{1}(), Val{3}())

```

If we specify the underscore suffix we arguments can be repeated within a single function.
```julia
julia> f = @nfix *(_1, _1)
*(_1, _1)

julia> f(2)
4

```

## Chaining piped methods

We can create a chain a functions that act like an uncalled pipe (e.g., `|>`).
A chain of fixed functions can be chained together via `pipe_chain`.
```julia
julia> f = pipe_chain(@nfix(_ * "is "), @nfix(_ * "a "), @nfix(_ * "sentence."))
|> *(_1, "is ") |> *(_1, "a ") |> *(_1, "sentence.")

julia> f("This ")
"This is a sentence."

julia> f2 = pipe_chain(f, endswith("sentence."))
|> *(_1, "is ") |> *(_1, "a ") |> *(_1, "sentence.") |> endswith("sentence.")

julia> f2("This ")
true

julia> f2 = pipe_chain(f, startswith("This"))
|> *(_1, "is ") |> *(_1, "a ") |> *(_1, "sentence.") |> startswith("This")

julia> f2("This ")
true

julia> f(1)
true

julia> f = pipe_chain(isapprox(0.1), !isapprox(0.2))
|> ≈(0.1) |> !≈(0.2)

julia> f(0.1 - 1e-10)
true

```

Internally, this includes support for those found in Julia's `Base` module (`Base.Fix1`, `Base.Fix2`) and from `ChainedFixes` (`ChainedFix` and `NFix`).

## Constants

The constants on the right sight of the following table may be exported and accessed via `using ChainedFixes.ChainedCore`
The syntax corresponding to each constant is on the left.

| Syntax                                    | Type Constant           |
|------------------------------------------:|:------------------------|
| `pipe_chain(f1, f2)`                      | `PipeChain{F1,F2}`      |
| `and(f1::F1, f1::F2)`/`⩓(f1::F1, f1::F2)` | `And{F1,F2}`            |
| `or(f1::F1, f1::F2)`/`⩔(f1::F1, f1::F2)`  | `Or{F1,F2}`             |
| `isapprox(x::T; kwargs::Kwargs)`          | `Approx{T,Kwargs}`      |
| `!isapprox(x::T; kwargs::Kwargs)`         | `NotApprox{T,Kwargs}`   |
| `in(x::T)`                                | `In{T}`                 |
| `!in(x::T)`                               | `NotIn{T}`              |
| `<(x::T)`                                 | `Less{T}`               |
| `<=(x::T)`                                | `LessThanOrEqual{T}`    |
| `>(x::T)`                                 | `Greater{T}`            |
| `>=(x::T)`                                | `GreaterThanOrEqual{T}` |
| `==(x::T)`                                | `Equal{T}`              |
| `isequal(x::T)`                           | `Equal{T}`              |
| `!=(x::T)`                                | `NotEqual{T}`           |
| `startswith(x::T)`                        | `StartsWith{T}`         |
| `endswith(x::T)`                          | `EndsWith{T}`           |

## Combining fixed methods

The real utility of `ChainedFixes` is when combining fixed methods in creative ways
```julia
julia> splat_pipe(op, args::Tuple) = op(args...);

julia> splat_pipe(op) = @nfix splat_pipe(op, _...);

julia> f = pipe_chain(extrema, splat_pipe(+))
|> extrema |> splat_pipe(+, _...)

julia> f([1 2; 3 4])
5

```

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