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FastKISS - Nim's FastCGI Flexible Web Framework

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# FastKISS - A FastCGI Web Framework for Nim
⚠️ WARNING: This framework is still in heavy development. ⚠️

**Fast** & **K**eep **I**t **S**mall and **S**imple is an FastCGI Host/Server Framework for [Nim](https://www.nim-lang.org) Web Applications. It was developed against Nginx, but should work with any web server that implements the FCGI spec. This work was based on the [FastCGI library for Nim](https://github.com/ba0f3/fastcgi.nim).

The FastCGI server allows you to easily integrate your FastKiss web application into a standard web server environment, taking advantage of existing features provided by a web server developed for this purpose. This allows you to use all the state of the art features such as advanced protocol support (HTTPS, HTTP/2.0), HTTP keep-alive, high performance static file delivery, HTTP compression, or URL redirect/rewrite services without increases the overhead and complexity of building anything into your application code.
```nim
import fastkiss
from fastkiss/utils import decodeData
import regex
from strformat import `&`

proc main() =
  let app = newApp()
  app.config.port = 9000 # optional if default port

app.get("/", proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    respond "Hello World!"
  )

app.get(r"/test/(\w+)".re, proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    respond &"Hello {req.matches.groupCaptures(0)[0]}"
  )

# http://example:8080/test/abc-012/def-345/test/xpto
  app.get(r"/test/(?:([a-z\d]+-[a-z\d]+)/)+test/(\w+)".re, proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    respond &"Hello Multi Capture {$req.matches.groupCaptures(0)} and {$req.matches.groupCaptures(1)}"
  )

# http://example:8080/myquery?a=1&b=2&c=3
  app.get("/myquery", proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    resp "My Query:\n"
    for k, v in decodeData(req.url.query):
      resp &"{k} = {v}\n"
  )

app.match(["GET", "POST"], "/method", proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    respond &"Hello Method {$req.reqMethod}"
  )

app.get("/static", proc (req: Request) {.async.} =
    sendFile "./test.txt"
  )

app.run()

main()
```
If you are using FastKiss to generate dynamic content of significant size, such as large binary images or large text-based datasets, then you need to consider the use of "**resp**" function instead of "**respond**" to minimize the memory footprint and preserve scalability.

Using "**resp**" function allows FastKiss to return chunks of data back to the client without the need to build an entire structure, or resource in-memory. See [example](https://github.com/mrhdias/fastkiss/blob/master/examples/loadimage.nim). You can use the "**resp**" function like the php "echo" function. You can even include files with code in the same way as you do with a php. See this [example](https://github.com/mrhdias/fastkiss/tree/master/examples/basicwebsite).
```nim
import fastkiss
import tables
from strformat import `&`

proc showPage(req: Request) {.async.} =

let t = {1: "one", 2: "two", 3: "three"}.toTable

"""<!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
      <title>Test</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <table>""".resp

for k, v in pairs(t):
    resp &"""<tr>
        <td><strong>{k}</strong></td>
        <td>{v}</td>
      </tr>
    """

"""</table>
    </body>
  </html>""".resp

proc main() =
  let app = newApp()
  app.get("/", showPage)
  app.run()

main()
```
Here's a complete [example](https://github.com/mrhdias/fastkiss/blob/master/examples/sendmymail.nim) of an app to send emails with attachments.

![Send Mail Example](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mrhdias/fastkiss/master/examples/sendmymail.jpg)

NGINX FastCGI Configuration File Example
```
server {
  listen  8080;
  server_name example;
  # add example to hosts file
  # nano -w /etc/hosts
  #
  # 127.0.0.1   example
  #

location / {
    # Comment this line if you if you don't need http cookies
    fastcgi_param HTTP_COOKIE $http_cookie;
    # Comment this line if you if you don't need Basic Autentication
    fastcgi_param HTTP_AUTHORIZATION $http_authorization;
    # Uses REMOTE_ADDR value whenever it needs to deal with visitor IP address.
    fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $http_x_real_ip;

client_max_body_size 1000M;
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  }
}
```
APACHE2 FastCGI Configuration File Example
```
Listen 127.0.0.1:8080
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
# Need a server with SSL support
# LoadModule http2_module modules/mod_http2.so

<IfModule mod_proxy_fcgi.c>
<VirtualHost *:8080>
  ServerName example
  ServerAlias anotherexample
  ServerAdmin admin@example.tld

ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/example_error.log
  CustomLog /var/log/httpd/example_requests.log combined

ProxyPass "/" "fcgi://localhost:9000/"

# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/custom-error.html
  ErrorDocument 503 "Service Temporary Unavailable"

# Need a server with SSL support
  # Protocols h2 http/1.1

# Comment this two lines below if you if you don't need Basic Autentication
  RewriteEngine on
  RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
```
Test
```
$ nimble install https://github.com/mrhdias/fastkiss
$ nano -w example.nim
$ nim c -r example.nim
$ sudo systemctl start nginx / httpd
$ wget -qO- http://example:8080/test
Hello World!!⏎
```
To compile a release version use:
```
$ nim c -d:release example.nim
$ ./example
```

### Configuration Options
```nim
config.port = 9000 # Default Port
config.address = ""
config.reuseAddr = true # Default value
config.reusePort = false # Default value

# Default temporary directory of the current user to save temporary files
config.tmpUploadDir = getTempDir()
# The value true will cause the temporary files left after request processing to be removed.
config.autoCleanTmpUploadDir = true
# To serve static files such as images, CSS files, and JavaScript files
config.staticDir = ""
# Sets the maximum allowed size of the client request body
config.maxBody = 8388608 # Default 8MB = 8388608 Bytes
```

### Available Router Methods
Routes that respond to any HTTP verb
```nim
get*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)

post*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)

put*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)

patch*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)

delete*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)

options*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)
```

Route that responds to multiple HTTP verbs
```nim
match*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  methods: openArray[string],
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)
```

Route that responds to all HTTP verbs
```nim
any*(
  server: AsyncFCGIServer,
  pattern: string | Regex,
  callback: proc (request: Request): Future[void] {.closure, gcsafe.}
)
```

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