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laravel-permissions-redis

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A Redis-powered roles and permissions package for Laravel designed to eliminate repetitive database queries and deliver high-performance authorization.

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# Laravel Permissions Redis

A Redis-backed roles and permissions package for Laravel with a Spatie-compatible API. It keeps each user's resolved permissions in Redis and invalidates the cache surgically (one user at a time) instead of flushing everything on every change.

Inspired by [spatie/laravel-permission](https://github.com/spatie/laravel-permission), the de facto standard for roles and permissions in Laravel. This package keeps its familiar API (`hasRole`, `hasPermissionTo`, `assignRole`, Blade directives, middleware) but changes the storage layer: Spatie caches the permission registry yet still lazy-loads each user's role and permission relations from the database per request (about 4 queries), while this package keeps the resolved per-user set in Redis (1 query). The goal is to take authorization load off the database and avoid full cache-flush stampedes on permission changes, not to be dramatically faster. For most apps, Spatie with its cache is simpler and enough; this package earns its place when the database is your bottleneck or permissions change often at scale.

[![CI](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
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---

## Table of Contents

- [Requirements](#requirements)
- [Architecture](#architecture)
- [Installation](#installation)
- [Configuration](#configuration)
- [Usage Guide](#usage-guide)
  - [Setting Up the User Model](#setting-up-the-user-model)
  - [Creating Roles and Permissions](#creating-roles-and-permissions)
  - [Assigning Roles and Permissions](#assigning-roles-and-permissions)
  - [Checking Roles and Permissions](#checking-roles-and-permissions)
  - [Middleware](#middleware)
  - [Blade Directives](#blade-directives)
  - [Gate Integration](#gate-integration)
  - [Wildcard Permissions](#wildcard-permissions)
  - [Super Admin](#super-admin)
  - [Cache Management](#cache-management)
- [UUID / ULID Support](#uuid--ulid-support)
- [Laravel Octane](#laravel-octane)
- [Multi-Tenancy](#multi-tenancy)
- [Integrations](#integrations)
- [Conventions](#conventions)
- [API Reference](#api-reference)
- [Testing](#testing)
- [Comparison with spatie/laravel-permission](#comparison-with-spatielaravel-permission)
  - [Feature Comparison](#feature-comparison)
  - [Performance Benchmark](#performance-benchmark)
  - [When to Use This Package](#when-to-use-this-package)
- [Migrating from Spatie](#migrating-from-spatie)
- [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
- [Versioning](#versioning)
- [License](#license)

---

## Requirements

### Runtime

| Dependency | Version | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| **PHP** | `^8.3` | Minimum version the package is tested on |
| **Laravel Framework** | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Host application |
| **Redis extension** | `phpredis` or `predis` | Redis connectivity |

### PHP Extensions

The `redis` extension (phpredis) is recommended in production (`pecl install redis`). If you can't install it, `predis/predis` works as a userland alternative: set `'client' => 'predis'` in `config/database.php` under the Redis section.

### Laravel Components Used

| Package | Version | Role in the package |
|---|---|---|
| `illuminate/support` | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Service provider, collections, helpers |
| `illuminate/database` | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Eloquent models, migrations, query builder |
| `illuminate/redis` | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Redis connection manager |
| `illuminate/events` | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Event dispatching and cache invalidation |
| `illuminate/auth` | `^11.0 \| ^12.0 \| ^13.0` | Gate integration, login event listener |

### Development Dependencies

| Package | Version | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| `pestphp/pest` | `^4.4` | Testing framework |
| `phpstan/phpstan` | `^2.1` | Static analysis |
| `larastan/larastan` | `^3` | Laravel-specific static analysis rules |
| `laravel/pint` | `^1.29` | Code style formatting (PSR-12) |
| `orchestra/testbench` | `^10.11 \| ^11.0` | Laravel package testing harness |

### Infrastructure

| Service | Version | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| **Redis Server** | `6.0+` | Required. Uses SET data structures and MULTI/EXEC transactions |
| **Database** | MySQL 8.0+ / PostgreSQL 13+ / SQLite 3.35+ | Any database supported by Laravel migrations |

---

## Architecture

> **Note:** The diagrams below use [Mermaid](https://mermaid.js.org/). If they appear as code blocks, [view them rendered on GitHub](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis#architecture).

### System Context

```mermaid
flowchart LR
    User["Application User"]

subgraph system [" "]
        App["Laravel Application\nRoles & permissions\nfor authorization"]
    end

Redis[("Redis\nCached permissions\nand roles as SETs")]
    DB[("Database\nSource of truth:\npermissions, roles,\nassignments")]

User -- "HTTP requests" --> App
    App -- "Read: SISMEMBER, SMEMBERS\nWrite: warm / evict" --> Redis
    App -- "Read/Write:\nrole & permission\ndefinitions" --> DB
```

### Container Diagram

```mermaid
flowchart TB
    User["Application User"]

subgraph laravel ["Laravel Application"]
        direction TB

subgraph entry ["Entry Points"]
            MW["Middleware\npermission · role\nrole_or_permission"]
            BL["Blade Directives\n@role · @permission\n@hasanyrole · ..."]
        end

Trait["HasRedisPermissions\nUser Model Trait\nassign · check · sync"]

subgraph core ["Resolution & Cache"]
            direction LR
            Resolver["PermissionResolver\nIn-memory cache\nWildcard matching"]
            Repo["RedisPermissionRepository\nSISMEMBER · SMEMBERS\nMULTI/EXEC atomicity"]
        end

subgraph sync ["Sync & Events"]
            direction LR
            Manager["AuthorizationCacheManager\nwarmAll · warmUser\nevictUser · evictRole"]
            Events["CacheInvalidator\nRolesAssigned\nPermissionsSynced\nRoleDeleted"]
        end
    end

Redis[("Redis\nSETs with TTL")]
    DB[("Database\n5 tables")]

User -- "HTTP Request" --> MW
    User -- "Views" --> BL
    MW --> Trait
    BL --> Trait
    Trait --> Resolver
    Resolver --> Repo
    Repo -- "Read/Write" --> Redis
    Events --> Manager
    Manager -- "Queries" --> DB
    Manager --> Repo
```

### Resolution Flow

```mermaid
flowchart TD
    A["hasPermissionTo('posts.edit')"] --> B{In-memory\ncache?}
    B -- "Hit" --> C["Return cached result"]
    B -- "Miss" --> D{"Redis\nSISMEMBER?"}
    D -- "Hit" --> E["Cache in memory\nand return"]
    D -- "Miss" --> F{"User cache\nexists in Redis?"}
    F -- "Yes" --> K{"Wildcard\nenabled?"}
    F -- "No (cold start)" --> H["AuthorizationCacheManager\n::warmUser()"]
    H --> I["Query DB:\ndirect perms + role perms"]
    I --> J["Write merged SETs\nto Redis"]
    J --> D

K -- "No" --> L["Permission denied"]
    K -- "Yes" --> M["fnmatch() scan\nall user perms"]
    M -- "Match" --> N["Return true"]
    M -- "No match" --> L

```

### Cache Invalidation Flow

```mermaid
flowchart TD
    A["Database Change"] --> B{"Event Type"}

B -- "RolesAssigned" --> D["Rewarm user cache\n+ reindex role to users"]
    B -- "PermissionsSynced" --> E["Rewarm role\n+ all users with that role"]
    B -- "RoleDeleted" --> F["Evict role cache\n+ rewarm affected users"]
    B -- "UserDeleted" --> G["Evict user cache\nfrom Redis"]
    B -- "Login" --> H["Warm user cache\non authentication"]

D --> I["Redis Updated"]
    E --> I
    F --> I
    G --> I
    H --> I
    I --> J["PermissionResolver\nin-memory cache flushed"]
```

### Redis Key Structure

```
auth:user:{userId}:permissions   -> SET of permission names
auth:user:{userId}:roles         -> SET of role names
auth:role:{roleId}:permissions   -> SET of permission names
auth:role:{roleId}:users         -> SET of user IDs
```

---

## Installation

### Requirements

- PHP 8.3+
- Laravel 11, 12, or 13
- Redis extension (`phpredis` or `predis`)

### Step 1: Install via Composer

```bash
composer require scabarcas/laravel-permissions-redis
```

The service provider is auto-discovered. No manual registration needed.

### Step 2: Publish Assets

Publish config and migrations together:

```bash
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\PermissionsRedisServiceProvider"
```

Or publish individually by tag:

```bash
# Config only
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=permissions-redis-config

# Migrations only
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=permissions-redis-migrations
```

### Step 3: Run Migrations

```bash
php artisan migrate
```

Creates 5 tables: `permissions`, `roles`, `model_has_permissions`, `model_has_roles`, `role_has_permissions`.

### Step 4: Configure Redis

Ensure your `config/database.php` has a working Redis connection. The package uses `'default'` by default:

```php
// .env
REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
REDIS_PORT=6379
REDIS_PASSWORD=null
```

### Step 5: Warm the Cache

```bash
php artisan permissions-redis:warm
```

This loads all existing permissions and roles into Redis. Run this after initial setup or after direct database modifications.

---

## Configuration

All options live in `config/permissions-redis.php`:

| Option | Env Variable | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `redis_connection` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_CONNECTION` | `'default'` | Redis connection from `config/database.php` |
| `prefix` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_PREFIX` | `'auth:'` | Prefix for all Redis keys |
| `ttl` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_TTL` | `86400` | Cache TTL in seconds (24h) |
| `user_model` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_USER_MODEL` | `App\Models\User` | Your User model (accepts a string **or array** of FQCNs) |
| `log_channel` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_LOG_CHANNEL` | `null` | Log channel (`null` = default) |
| `register_gate` | *(none)* | `true` | Enable `Gate::before` integration |
| `register_middleware` | *(none)* | `true` | Register middleware aliases |
| `warm_on_login` | *(none)* | `true` | Auto-warm cache on user login |
| `super_admin_role` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_SUPER_ADMIN_ROLE` | `null` | Role that bypasses all checks |
| `wildcard_permissions` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_WILDCARD` | `false` | Enable `fnmatch()` wildcard patterns |
| `register_blade_directives` | *(none)* | `true` | Register Blade directives |
| `resolver_cache_limit` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_RESOLVER_LIMIT` | `1000` | Max users held in the in-memory resolver cache before LRU eviction |
| `resolver_warm_cooldown` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_WARM_COOLDOWN` | `1.0` | Seconds before a failed cache-miss warm is retried for the same user |
| `queue.connection` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_QUEUE_CONNECTION` | `null` | Queue connection used by `WarmUserCacheJob` (`null` = default) |
| `queue.name` | `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_QUEUE_NAME` | `'default'` | Queue name for warming jobs |
| `seed` | *(none)* | *(see config)* | Roles and permissions to seed via CLI |
| `tables` | *(none)* | *(see config)* | Custom table names |

---

## Usage Guide

### Setting Up the User Model

Add the `HasRedisPermissions` trait to your User model:

```php
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Traits\HasRedisPermissions;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasRedisPermissions;
}
```

#### Multiple User Models

If your application authorizes more than one Eloquent model (e.g., `User` for the web app and `Admin` for the back office), configure an **array** of FQCNs:

```php
// config/permissions-redis.php
'user_model' => [
    App\Models\User::class,
    App\Models\Admin::class,
],
```

`AuthorizationCacheManager` iterates all configured types when resolving role/permission assignments, and the `Gate::before` callback accepts all of them. Each model still needs the `HasRedisPermissions` trait.

### Creating Roles and Permissions

Use the `findOrCreate` static method on both models:

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Models\Permission;
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Models\Role;

// Create permissions
$createPosts = Permission::findOrCreate('posts.create');
$editPosts   = Permission::findOrCreate('posts.edit');
$deletePosts = Permission::findOrCreate('posts.delete');

// Create with group
$manageUsers = Permission::findOrCreate('users.manage', 'web', 'user-management');

// Create roles
$admin  = Role::findOrCreate('admin');
$editor = Role::findOrCreate('editor');

// Assign permissions to a role
$editor->syncPermissions(['posts.create', 'posts.edit']);

// Or add permissions individually
$editor->givePermissionTo('posts.create', 'posts.edit');

// Remove permissions
$editor->revokePermissionTo('posts.delete');

// Check whether a role grants a specific permission (reads Redis)
$editor->hasPermission('posts.create');          // bool
$editor->hasPermission('reports.export', 'api'); // optional guard
```

### Assigning Roles and Permissions

```php
$user = User::find(1);

// Assign roles (additive, does not remove existing roles)
$user->assignRole('admin');
$user->assignRole('editor', 'moderator');

// Replace all roles
$user->syncRoles('editor');

// Remove a role
$user->removeRole('moderator');

// Give direct permissions (in addition to role-inherited permissions)
$user->givePermissionTo('reports.export', 'reports.view');

// Revoke direct permissions
$user->revokePermissionTo('reports.export');

// Replace all direct permissions
$user->syncPermissions(['reports.view']);
```

All assignment methods accept: `string`, `int` (ID), `BackedEnum`, `array`, or `Collection`.

### Checking Roles and Permissions

```php
// Single permission check
$user->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit');        // bool

// Any of multiple permissions
$user->hasAnyPermission('posts.edit', 'posts.delete');  // bool

// All permissions required
$user->hasAllPermissions('posts.edit', 'posts.delete'); // bool

// Single role check
$user->hasRole('admin');         // bool

// Any of multiple roles
$user->hasAnyRole('admin', 'editor');    // bool

// All roles required
$user->hasAllRoles('admin', 'editor');   // bool

// Get all permissions (returns Collection of PermissionDTO, includes `name`, `guard`, `group`)
$user->getAllPermissions();

// Group permissions by their `group` metadata (e.g., "user-management", "billing")
$user->getAllPermissions()->groupBy('group');

// Get permission names only
$user->getPermissionNames();    // Collection<string>

// Get role names
$user->getRoleNames();          // Collection<string>
```

#### Query Scopes

> **Scopes run SQL, not Redis.** `scopeRole` and `scopePermission` issue database queries against the pivot tables and do **not** consult the Redis cache. Use them for reporting, admin dashboards, or any context where you need the full user list, not in hot authorization paths (`hasPermissionTo`, middleware, Blade). For a throughput-sensitive "which users have role X" lookup, call `$cacheManager->getUserIdsAffectedByPermission($name)` or the equivalent role-cache method, both of which read from Redis.

```php
// Find users with a specific role (SQL query)
User::role('admin')->get();

// Find users with a specific permission (SQL query)
User::permission('posts.edit')->get();
```

### Middleware

The package registers three middleware aliases automatically:

#### `permission`: Require permissions

```php
// Single permission
Route::get('/posts/create', [PostController::class, 'create'])
    ->middleware('permission:posts.create');

// OR (user needs ANY of these)
Route::get('/posts', [PostController::class, 'index'])
    ->middleware('permission:posts.view|posts.manage');

// AND (user needs ALL of these)
Route::put('/posts/{id}/publish', [PostController::class, 'publish'])
    ->middleware('permission:posts.edit&posts.publish');
```

#### `role`: Require roles

```php
// Single role
Route::get('/admin', [AdminController::class, 'index'])
    ->middleware('role:admin');

// OR (user needs ANY role)
Route::get('/dashboard', [DashboardController::class, 'index'])
    ->middleware('role:admin|editor');

// AND (user needs ALL roles)
Route::get('/super', [SuperController::class, 'index'])
    ->middleware('role:admin&super_admin');
```

#### `role_or_permission`: Require role OR permission

```php
Route::get('/reports', [ReportController::class, 'index'])
    ->middleware('role_or_permission:admin|reports.view');
```

**Operators:** `|` = OR (any), `&` = AND (all).

### Blade Directives

```blade
{{-- Single role --}}
@role('admin')
    <a href="/admin">Admin Panel</a>
@endrole

{{-- Any of multiple roles --}}
@hasanyrole('admin|editor')
    <a href="/dashboard">Dashboard</a>
@endhasanyrole

{{-- All roles required --}}
@hasallroles('admin|moderator')
    <a href="/moderation">Moderation Tools</a>
@endhasallroles

{{-- Single permission --}}
@permission('posts.delete')
    <button class="btn-danger">Delete Post</button>
@endpermission

{{-- Any of multiple permissions --}}
@hasanypermission('posts.create|posts.edit')
    <a href="/posts/editor">Post Editor</a>
@endhasanypermission

{{-- All permissions required --}}
@hasallpermissions('users.ban|users.delete')
    <button class="btn-warning">Manage User</button>
@endhasallpermissions

{{-- Negated checks: render when the user lacks the role/permission --}}
@unlessrole('admin')
    <p>Regular account</p>
@endrole

@unlesspermission('billing.manage')
    <p>Ask an administrator for billing access.</p>
@endpermission
```

Every directive also has an `unless` variant (`@unlessrole`, `@unlesspermission`, `@unlesshasanyrole`, ...) that renders when the check fails. They close with the regular `@endrole` / `@endpermission` tags, not `@endunlessrole`.

#### Guard Override

All six directives accept an optional second argument to scope the check to a specific guard (defaults to the current authentication driver):

```blade
{{-- Check under the 'api' guard --}}
@role('admin', 'api')
    <a href="/api-admin">API Admin</a>
@endrole

@permission('posts.delete', 'api')
    <button class="btn-danger">Delete Post</button>
@endpermission

@hasanyrole('admin|editor', 'api')
    <a href="/dashboard">Dashboard</a>
@endhasanyrole
```

This is especially useful in SPA or API-token contexts where the active web session differs from the guard you want to authorize against.

### Gate Integration

When `register_gate` is enabled (default), Laravel's Gate resolves permissions through Redis:

```php
// In controllers
$this->authorize('posts.edit');

// In policies
Gate::allows('posts.edit');

// In Blade
@can('posts.edit')
    <button>Edit</button>
@endcan
```

### Wildcard Permissions

Enable in config or `.env`:

```env
PERMISSIONS_REDIS_WILDCARD=true
```

Then assign wildcard permissions:

```php
$admin = Role::findOrCreate('admin');
$wildcard = Permission::findOrCreate('users.*');

$admin->permissions()->sync([$wildcard->id]);
$user->assignRole('admin');

// All these return true:
$user->hasPermissionTo('users.create');  // matched by users.*
$user->hasPermissionTo('users.edit');    // matched by users.*
$user->hasPermissionTo('users.delete');  // matched by users.*

// This returns false:
$user->hasPermissionTo('posts.create');  // no match
```

Uses PHP's `fnmatch()`, which supports `*`, `?`, and `[...]` patterns.

### Super Admin

Set a super admin role in config or `.env`:

```env
PERMISSIONS_REDIS_SUPER_ADMIN_ROLE=super_admin
```

```php
Role::findOrCreate('super_admin');
$user->assignRole('super_admin');

// All permission checks return true, no actual lookup needed
$user->hasPermissionTo('anything.at.all'); // true
```

### Cache Management

#### Artisan Commands

```bash
# Warm the entire cache (all users, roles, permissions)
php artisan permissions-redis:warm

# Warm cache for a specific user
php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user 42

# Flush all authorization cache
php artisan permissions-redis:flush

# View cache statistics
php artisan permissions-redis:stats
```

Both warm commands accept `--queue` to push the operation onto the queue instead of running it synchronously. This is the recommended approach for large user tables or post-deploy rewarms:

```bash
# Queue the full rewarm (uses queue.connection / queue.name from config)
php artisan permissions-redis:warm --queue

# Queue a single user (useful in scripts after bulk assignments)
php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user 42 --queue
```

Under the hood this dispatches `WarmUserCacheJob` per user; the job is idempotent and safe to retry.

#### Programmatic Access

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Cache\AuthorizationCacheManager;

$manager = app(AuthorizationCacheManager::class);

$manager->warmAll();            // Full cache rebuild (flush + warm)
$manager->rewarmAll();          // Rewarm without flushing
$manager->warmUser($userId);    // Warm specific user
$manager->warmRole($roleId);    // Warm specific role
$manager->evictUser($userId);   // Remove user from cache
$manager->evictRole($roleId);   // Remove role from cache

// Targeted warming after permission changes
$manager->warmPermissionAffectedUsers($permissionId);
```

#### Automatic Invalidation

The cache is automatically invalidated when:

| Event | Trigger | Action |
|---|---|---|
| `RolesAssigned` | `assignRole()`, `syncRoles()`, `removeRole()` | Rewarm user + reindex role-to-users mapping |
| `PermissionsAssigned` | `givePermissionTo()`, `revokePermissionTo()`, `syncPermissions()` on a user | Rewarm user |
| `PermissionsSynced` | Role permissions updated | Rewarm role + all users with that role |
| `RoleDeleted` | `Role::delete()` | Evict role + rewarm affected users |
| `UserDeleted` | User model deleted (via `DispatchesPermissionEvents` trait) | Evict user cache |
| `Login` | User logs in (if `warm_on_login` enabled) | Warm user cache |

To auto-dispatch `UserDeleted`, add the trait to your User model:

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Traits\DispatchesPermissionEvents;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasRedisPermissions, DispatchesPermissionEvents;
}
```

#### Rate-limited cache-miss warming

When a permission check lands on a user whose cache is missing in Redis, `PermissionResolver` triggers `warmUser()` automatically. To protect the database from warm storms (e.g., Redis is cold after a restart and thousands of simultaneous requests hit the same user), the resolver records each warm attempt and suppresses retries for `resolver_warm_cooldown` seconds (default `1.0s`). This is in-memory per worker; tune it via config or the `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_WARM_COOLDOWN` env variable.

#### Multi-tenant deployments

When `TenantAwareRedisPermissionRepository` is registered, all **user and role** cache keys are prefixed with the current tenant ID (`t:{id}:*`). Permission **group metadata** is intentionally stored globally (un-prefixed) because permission definitions live in the shared `permissions` table and are not tenant-specific.

### Database Seeding

Define your roles and permissions in `config/permissions-redis.php` and seed them with a single command:

```php
// config/permissions-redis.php
'seed' => [
    'roles' => [
        'admin'  => ['users.*', 'posts.*', 'settings.update'],
        'editor' => ['posts.create', 'posts.edit', 'posts.delete'],
        'viewer' => ['posts.view', 'reports.view'],
    ],
    'permissions' => [
        'reports.export',  // standalone permissions not tied to any role
    ],
],
```

```bash
# Create permissions and roles (incremental, skips existing)
php artisan permissions-redis:seed

# Delete all and recreate from scratch
php artisan permissions-redis:seed --fresh

# Seed without warming Redis cache
php artisan permissions-redis:seed --no-warm
```

The command creates all permissions referenced under roles automatically. Existing permissions and roles are left unchanged in incremental mode (default). The `--fresh` flag deletes all existing permissions, roles, and pivot assignments before seeding.

---

## UUID / ULID Support

This package supports integer, UUID, and ULID primary keys for your User model. Set the column type in your configuration **before running migrations**:

```php
// config/permissions-redis.php
'model_morph_key_type' => env('PERMISSIONS_REDIS_MORPH_KEY_TYPE', 'int'),
```

| Value | Column Type | Use Case |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| `'int'` | `unsignedBigInteger` | Default auto-increment IDs |
| `'uuid'` | `uuid` | UUID primary keys (`HasUuids` trait) |
| `'ulid'` | `ulid` | ULID primary keys (`HasUlids` trait) |

All APIs (`hasPermissionTo`, `assignRole`, middleware, Blade directives, etc.) work transparently with any ID type. No code changes required beyond the config setting.

```php
// Works the same regardless of ID type
$user->assignRole('admin');
$user->hasPermissionTo('posts.create'); // true
```

> **Note:** If you have already run migrations with `'int'` and need to switch to UUID/ULID, you will need to create a new migration to alter the `model_id` columns in the pivot tables.

---

## Laravel Octane

When running under [Laravel Octane](https://laravel.com/docs/octane), singletons persist across requests. This package provides built-in support to flush in-memory caches between requests, preventing stale permission data from leaking.

### Setup

```env
PERMISSIONS_REDIS_OCTANE_RESET=true
```

Or in your config:

```php
// config/permissions-redis.php
'octane' => [
    'reset_on_request' => true,
],
```

When enabled, the package listens to `RequestReceived` and automatically:
1. Flushes the `PermissionResolver` in-memory caches (permission, role, super admin)
2. Resets the `RedisPermissionRepository` cached connection, prefix, and TTL

This ensures each Octane request starts with a clean state while still benefiting from Redis-level caching.

---

## Multi-Tenancy

The package supports multi-tenant applications by prefixing Redis keys with a tenant identifier, ensuring complete isolation of permission data between tenants.

### Setup

```env
PERMISSIONS_REDIS_TENANCY_ENABLED=true
PERMISSIONS_REDIS_TENANCY_RESOLVER=stancl
```

Or in your config:

```php
// config/permissions-redis.php
'tenancy' => [
    'enabled'  => true,
    'resolver' => 'stancl', // or a custom class
],
```

### Built-in Resolvers

| Resolver | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `'stancl'` | Auto-detects tenant via [stancl/tenancy](https://tenancyforlaravel.com/) |
| `App\Tenancy\MyResolver::class` | Custom callable class returning `string\|int\|null` |
| `null` | Disabled (default) |

### Custom Resolver

Create a class that returns the current tenant identifier:

```php
namespace App\Tenancy;

class TenantResolver
{
    public function __invoke(): string|int|null
    {
        return session('tenant_id');
    }
}
```

```php
'tenancy' => [
    'enabled'  => true,
    'resolver' => \App\Tenancy\TenantResolver::class,
],
```

### How It Works

When tenancy is enabled, user-related Redis keys are prefixed with the tenant ID:

```
# Without tenancy
auth:user:1:permissions

# With tenancy (tenant "acme")
auth:user:t:acme:1:permissions
```

Role-related keys are prefixed the same way (`auth:role:t:acme:5:permissions`), so cached role data is isolated per tenant even though role definitions live in the shared database tables.

---

## Integrations

This package works well with Laravel Policies, Sanctum/Passport, and Pulse. See the **[full integrations guide](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/blob/main/docs/integrations.md)** for detailed examples.

### Laravel Policies

Policies work automatically with this package. The Gate `before` callback checks Redis first. If the user has the permission, it's granted immediately. If not, the Policy method decides:

```php
// In a controller, checks Redis first, then PostPolicy::update()
$this->authorize('posts.edit', $post);

// In Blade, same behavior
@can('posts.edit', $post)
    <button>Edit</button>
@endcan
```

```php
class PostPolicy
{
    // Only called if user does NOT have 'posts.edit' in Redis
    public function update(User $user, Post $post): bool
    {
        return $post->user_id === $user->id; // fallback: owners can edit
    }
}
```

### Laravel Sanctum / Passport

Combine token abilities with Redis permissions for API routes:

```php
Route::middleware(['auth:sanctum', 'permission:posts.create'])
    ->post('/posts', [PostController::class, 'store']);
```

For dual enforcement (token ability + user permission), see the [custom middleware example](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/blob/main/docs/integrations.md#custom-middleware-for-dual-checks) in the integrations guide.

### Laravel Pulse

Track permission check performance with a custom Pulse recorder. The [integrations guide](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/blob/main/docs/integrations.md#laravel-pulse) includes a complete setup with recorder, decorator, and dashboard card. No Pulse dependency is required in this package.

---

## Conventions

### Permission Naming

Use dot notation with the pattern `resource.action`:

```
posts.create
posts.edit
posts.delete
posts.publish
users.manage
users.ban
reports.view
reports.export
settings.update
```

### Permission Groups

Group related permissions for organizational clarity:

```php
Permission::findOrCreate('posts.create', 'web', 'content');
Permission::findOrCreate('posts.edit', 'web', 'content');
Permission::findOrCreate('users.manage', 'web', 'administration');
```

### Role Naming

Use lowercase snake_case:

```
admin
editor
moderator
super_admin
content_manager
```

### Guard Names

Permissions and roles are scoped by guard. The default is `'web'`. If you use multiple guards (e.g., `api`), specify the guard explicitly:

```php
Permission::findOrCreate('api.access', 'api');
Role::findOrCreate('api_consumer', 'api');

$user->hasPermissionTo('api.access', 'api');
$user->hasRole('api_consumer', 'api');
```

#### Fluent Guard Scoping

Use `forGuard()` to scope a single check without passing the guard to every method:

```php
$user->forGuard('api')->hasPermissionTo('api.access');
$user->forGuard('api')->getAllPermissions();
$user->forGuard('api')->getRoleNames();
```

### Enum Support

You can use `BackedEnum` for type-safe permission/role references:

```php
enum Permission: string
{
    case CreatePost = 'posts.create';
    case EditPost   = 'posts.edit';
    case DeletePost = 'posts.delete';
}

$user->hasPermissionTo(Permission::EditPost);
$user->givePermissionTo(Permission::CreatePost, Permission::EditPost);
```

### Direct vs. Role-Based Permissions

- **Role-based** (recommended for most cases): Assign permissions to roles, assign roles to users. Changes to a role affect all users with that role.
- **Direct.** Assign permissions directly to a user for exceptions or overrides. Direct permissions are merged with role-inherited permissions.

---

## API Reference

### `HasRedisPermissions` Trait: Check Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `hasPermissionTo` | `hasPermissionTo(string\|BackedEnum $permission, ?string $guardName = null)` | `bool` | Check if user has a specific permission |
| `hasAnyPermission` | `hasAnyPermission(mixed ...$permissions)` | `bool` | Check if user has **any** of the given permissions |
| `hasAllPermissions` | `hasAllPermissions(mixed ...$permissions)` | `bool` | Check if user has **all** of the given permissions |
| `hasRole` | `hasRole(mixed $roles, ?string $guardName = null)` | `bool` | Check if user has a role (accepts string, int, BackedEnum, array, Collection) |
| `hasAnyRole` | `hasAnyRole(mixed ...$roles)` | `bool` | Check if user has **any** of the given roles |
| `hasAllRoles` | `hasAllRoles(mixed ...$roles)` | `bool` | Check if user has **all** of the given roles |

```php
$user->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit');                       // true
$user->hasPermissionTo(Permission::EditPost);               // true (BackedEnum)
$user->hasAnyPermission('posts.edit', 'posts.delete');      // true (has at least one)
$user->hasAllPermissions('posts.edit', 'posts.delete');     // false (missing one)
$user->hasRole('admin');                                    // true
$user->hasRole(['admin', 'editor']);                         // true (has at least one)
$user->hasAnyRole('admin', 'editor');                       // true
$user->hasAllRoles('admin', 'editor');                      // false (missing one)
```

### `HasRedisPermissions` Trait: Retrieval Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `getAllPermissions` | `getAllPermissions(?string $guard = null)` | `Collection<PermissionDTO>` | All permissions (direct + role-inherited) as DTOs |
| `getPermissionNames` | `getPermissionNames(?string $guard = null)` | `Collection<string>` | Permission names only |
| `getRoleNames` | `getRoleNames(?string $guard = null)` | `Collection<string>` | Role names |
| `forGuard` | `forGuard(string $guard)` | `static` | Fluent guard scope (auto-resets after one call) |

```php
$user->getAllPermissions();
// Collection [PermissionDTO { name: 'posts.edit', id: 1, group: 'content', guard: 'web' }, ...]

$user->getPermissionNames();            // Collection ['posts.edit', 'posts.create']
$user->getRoleNames();                  // Collection ['admin', 'editor']

$user->forGuard('api')->getRoleNames(); // Collection ['api_consumer']
```

### `HasRedisPermissions` Trait: Assignment Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns | Description | Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `assignRole` | `assignRole(mixed ...$roles)` | `static` | Add roles (does not remove existing) | `RolesAssigned` |
| `syncRoles` | `syncRoles(mixed ...$roles)` | `static` | Replace all roles | `RolesAssigned` |
| `removeRole` | `removeRole(mixed $role)` | `static` | Remove a specific role | `RolesAssigned` |
| `givePermissionTo` | `givePermissionTo(mixed ...$permissions)` | `static` | Add direct permissions | none |
| `revokePermissionTo` | `revokePermissionTo(mixed ...$permissions)` | `static` | Remove direct permissions | none |
| `syncPermissions` | `syncPermissions(array $permissions)` | `static` | Replace all direct permissions | none |

All assignment methods accept: `string`, `int` (ID), `BackedEnum`, `array`, or `Collection`.

```php
$user->assignRole('admin', 'editor');           // additive
$user->syncRoles('editor');                     // replaces all, user now has only 'editor'
$user->removeRole('editor');                    // removes 'editor'

$user->givePermissionTo('reports.export');      // direct permission
$user->revokePermissionTo('reports.export');    // revoke
$user->syncPermissions(['reports.view']);        // replace all direct permissions
```

### `HasRedisPermissions` Trait: Relationships & Scopes

| Method | Signature | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `roles` | `roles()` | `BelongsToMany<Role>` | Eloquent relationship to roles |
| `permissions` | `permissions()` | `BelongsToMany<Permission>` | Eloquent relationship to direct permissions |
| `scopeRole` | `scopeRole($query, mixed $roles, ?string $guard = null)` | `Builder` | Filter users by role |
| `scopePermission` | `scopePermission($query, mixed $permissions, ?string $guard = null)` | `Builder` | Filter users by permission (direct or via role) |

```php
User::role('admin')->get();             // all admins
User::role(['admin', 'editor'])->get(); // users with admin OR editor
User::permission('posts.edit')->get();  // users who can edit posts (direct or via role)
```

### `Role` Model Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns | Event |
|---|---|---|---|
| `Role::findOrCreate` | `findOrCreate(string $name, string $guardName = 'web')` | `Role` | none |
| `syncPermissions` | `syncPermissions(array $permissions)` | `static` | `PermissionsSynced` |
| `givePermissionTo` | `givePermissionTo(mixed ...$permissions)` | `static` | `PermissionsSynced` |
| `revokePermissionTo` | `revokePermissionTo(mixed ...$permissions)` | `static` | `PermissionsSynced` |
| `permissions` | `permissions()` | `BelongsToMany<Permission>` | none |
| `users` | `users()` | `BelongsToMany<User>` | none |

```php
$role = Role::findOrCreate('editor');
$role->syncPermissions(['posts.create', 'posts.edit']);  // replace
$role->givePermissionTo('posts.publish');                // additive
$role->revokePermissionTo('posts.publish');              // remove
```

> Deleting a role dispatches `RoleDeleted` and automatically rewarms affected users' caches.

### `Permission` Model Methods

| Method | Signature | Returns |
|---|---|---|
| `Permission::findOrCreate` | `findOrCreate(string $name, string $guardName = 'web', ?string $group = null)` | `Permission` |

```php
$perm = Permission::findOrCreate('posts.create');                      // default guard 'web'
$perm = Permission::findOrCreate('api.access', 'api');                 // custom guard
$perm = Permission::findOrCreate('posts.edit', 'web', 'content');      // with group
```

> Updating or deleting a permission automatically rewarms all affected users' caches.

### `AuthorizationCacheManager`

| Method | Signature | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `warmAll` | `warmAll()` | `void` | Flush Redis + reload all users and roles from DB |
| `rewarmAll` | `rewarmAll()` | `void` | Reload without flushing (incremental) |
| `warmUser` | `warmUser(int\|string $userId)` | `void` | Warm a specific user's cache |
| `warmRole` | `warmRole(int $roleId)` | `void` | Warm a specific role's cache |
| `evictUser` | `evictUser(int\|string $userId)` | `void` | Remove a user from Redis cache |
| `evictRole` | `evictRole(int $roleId)` | `void` | Remove a role from Redis cache |
| `warmPermissionAffectedUsers` | `warmPermissionAffectedUsers(int $permissionId)` | `void` | Rewarm all users affected by a permission change |

```php
$manager = app(AuthorizationCacheManager::class);

$manager->warmAll();                                // full rebuild
$manager->warmUser($user->id);                      // single user
$manager->evictUser($user->id);                     // remove from cache
$manager->warmPermissionAffectedUsers($perm->id);   // rewarm after manual DB change
```

### Exceptions

| Exception | HTTP Status | Thrown By | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `UnauthorizedException::forPermissions($perms)` | 403 | `PermissionMiddleware` | User lacks required permissions |
| `UnauthorizedException::forRoles($roles)` | 403 | `RoleMiddleware` | User lacks required roles |
| `UnauthorizedException::forRolesOrPermissions($items)` | 403 | `RoleOrPermissionMiddleware` | User lacks both roles and permissions |
| `UnauthorizedException::notLoggedIn()` | 401 | All middleware | User is not authenticated |

All exceptions extend `Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException`. Use `getRequiredItems()` to retrieve the missing roles/permissions:

```php
try {
    // middleware check
} catch (UnauthorizedException $e) {
    $e->getStatusCode();     // 403
    $e->getMessage();        // 'User does not have the required permissions.'
    $e->getRequiredItems();  // ['posts.edit', 'posts.delete']
}
```

### Events

| Event | Payload | Dispatched When | Cache Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| `RolesAssigned` | `Model $user` | `assignRole()`, `syncRoles()`, `removeRole()` | Rewarms user cache + reindexes role-to-users mapping |
| `PermissionsAssigned` | `Model $user` | `givePermissionTo()`, `revokePermissionTo()`, `syncPermissions()` on a user | Rewarms user cache |
| `PermissionsSynced` | `Model $role` | `$role->syncPermissions()`, `givePermissionTo()`, `revokePermissionTo()` | Rewarms role + all users with that role |
| `RoleDeleted` | `int $roleId`, `array $affectedUserIds` | `Role::delete()` | Evicts role cache + rewarms affected users |
| `UserDeleted` | `int\|string $userId` | Manually dispatched | Evicts user cache from Redis |

All events are in the `Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Events` namespace and use the `Dispatchable` trait.

```php
// Listen to events in your app
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Events\RolesAssigned;

Event::listen(RolesAssigned::class, function (RolesAssigned $event) {
    Log::info("Roles changed for user {$event->user->id}");
});

// Manually dispatch UserDeleted when deleting users
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Events\UserDeleted;

User::deleted(function (User $user) {
    event(new UserDeleted($user->id));
});
```

### Artisan Commands

| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| `permissions-redis:warm` | Warm the full authorization cache |
| `permissions-redis:warm-user {userId}` | Warm cache for a specific user |
| `permissions-redis:flush` | Flush all authorization cache (requires confirmation) |
| `permissions-redis:stats` | Display cache statistics (cached users, roles, keys, TTL) |
| `permissions-redis:seed` | Seed permissions and roles from config |
| `permissions-redis:migrate-from-spatie` | Migrate data from spatie/laravel-permission |

```bash
php artisan permissions-redis:warm                           # full cache rebuild
php artisan permissions-redis:warm --no-flush                # incremental rewarm
php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user 42                   # single user
php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user 550e8400-e29b        # UUID user
php artisan permissions-redis:flush                          # flush all (asks confirmation)
php artisan permissions-redis:stats                          # show stats table
php artisan permissions-redis:seed                           # seed from config (incremental)
php artisan permissions-redis:seed --fresh                   # delete all + reseed
php artisan permissions-redis:migrate-from-spatie            # migrate from Spatie
php artisan permissions-redis:migrate-from-spatie --dry-run  # preview only
```

---

## Testing

The package uses [Pest](https://pestphp.com/) for testing and provides an `InMemoryPermissionRepository` for testing without Redis:

```bash
# Run tests
composer test

# Static analysis
composer analyse

# Code formatting
composer format
```

### Testing in Your Application

#### WithPermissions Trait

The package provides a `WithPermissions` trait with helpers for feature tests:

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Testing\WithPermissions;

class PostControllerTest extends TestCase
{
    use WithPermissions;

public function test_admin_can_create_posts(): void
    {
        $user = User::factory()->create();

// Seeds permissions + assigns them + acts as the user
        $this->actingAsWithPermissions($user, ['posts.create', 'posts.edit'])
            ->post('/posts', ['title' => 'Hello'])
            ->assertStatus(201);
    }

public function test_editor_role_can_edit(): void
    {
        $user = User::factory()->create();

// Seeds role + assigns it + acts as the user
        $this->actingAsWithRoles($user, ['editor'])
            ->put('/posts/1', ['title' => 'Updated'])
            ->assertOk();
    }
}
```

**Available methods:**

| Method | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| `seedPermissions(['posts.create', ...])` | Create permission records in the database |
| `seedRoles(['admin' => ['posts.*'], ...])` | Create roles with permission assignments |
| `actingAsWithPermissions($user, [...])` | Seed + assign permissions + `actingAs()` |
| `actingAsWithRoles($user, [...])` | Seed + assign roles + `actingAs()` |
| `flushPermissionCache()` | Flush both Redis and in-memory caches |

#### Pest Example

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Testing\WithPermissions;

uses(WithPermissions::class);

it('allows admins to manage users', function () {
    $user = User::factory()->create();

$this->actingAsWithRoles($user, ['admin'])
        ->get('/admin/users')
        ->assertOk();
});
```

#### InMemoryPermissionRepository

Alternatively, bind the in-memory repository in your test suite to avoid Redis entirely:

```php
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Contracts\PermissionRepositoryInterface;
use Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\Testing\InMemoryPermissionRepository;

// In your TestCase::setUp()
$this->app->singleton(
    PermissionRepositoryInterface::class,
    InMemoryPermissionRepository::class,
);
```

---

## Comparison with spatie/laravel-permission

### Feature Comparison

| Feature | spatie/laravel-permission | laravel-permissions-redis |
|---------|:------------------------:|:-------------------------:|
| **Core** | | |
| Assign roles to users | ✅ | ✅ |
| Assign permissions to roles | ✅ | ✅ |
| Assign direct permissions to users | ✅ | ✅ |
| Multiple guard support | ✅ | ✅ |
| Fluent guard scoping (`forGuard()`) | ❌ | ✅ |
| `BackedEnum` support for roles/permissions | ✅ | ✅ |
| UUID / ULID primary keys | ✅ | ✅ |
| **Querying** | | |
| `hasRole` / `hasAnyRole` / `hasAllRoles` | ✅ | ✅ |
| `hasPermissionTo` / `hasAnyPermission` / `hasAllPermissions` | ✅ | ✅ |
| `getDirectPermissions()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| `getPermissionsViaRoles()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| Query scopes (`scopeRole`, `scopePermission`) | ✅ | ✅ |
| **Cache** | | |
| Cache backend | Laravel Cache (any driver) | Redis directly (SET structures) |
| Permission check complexity | O(n) array scan | O(1) `SISMEMBER` |
| In-memory request cache | ❌ | ✅ |
| Automatic cache invalidation | Forget all on change | Surgical warm per user/role |
| Cache warm on login | ❌ | ✅ |
| Cache warm CLI | ❌ | ✅ (`permissions-redis:warm`) |
| Cache statistics CLI | ❌ | ✅ (`permissions-redis:stats`) |
| **Middleware & Blade** | | |
| `permission` / `role` / `role_or_permission` middleware | ✅ | ✅ |
| AND (`&`) / OR (`\|`) operators in middleware | ✅ | ✅ |
| `@role` / `@hasanyrole` / `@hasallroles` | ✅ | ✅ |
| `@permission` / `@hasanypermission` / `@hasallpermissions` | ❌ | ✅ |
| `@unlessrole` / `@unlesspermission` | Roles only | ✅ (close with `@endrole` / `@endpermission`) |
| Gate integration (`@can`, `authorize()`) | ✅ | ✅ |
| **Advanced** | | |
| Wildcard permissions (`fnmatch`) | Partial | ✅ |
| Super admin role (bypass all checks) | ❌ | ✅ |
| Laravel Octane support | ❌ | ✅ |
| Multi-tenancy (Redis key isolation) | Teams feature | ✅ |
| Permission groups | ❌ | ✅ |
| Testing helpers trait | ❌ | ✅ (`WithPermissions`) |
| Migration from Spatie CLI | ❌ | ✅ |
| **Requirements** | | |
| PHP | 8.0+ | 8.3+ |
| Laravel | 8-13 | 11-13 |
| Redis | Optional | Required |

### Performance Benchmark

A [standalone benchmark application](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis-benchmark) compares both packages side by side, run with `php artisan bench:markdown 1,10,50 --warm=5 --runs=30` (Apple Silicon, PHP 8.x, predis, local Redis). Each "request" resets in-memory state, so neither package carries PHP process memory across requests (matching PHP-FPM, and Octane where this package resets its in-memory cache per request). The hardware-independent result is the **query count** (4 queries hitting several tables versus 1). Wall-clock is modest and depends heavily on your database, so read the latency tables with that in mind.

#### Database queries per authorization-heavy request

| Scenario | spatie/laravel-permission | laravel-permissions-redis | Reduction |
|----------|:------------------------:|:-------------------------:|:---------:|
| 1 request (37 checks) | 4 DB queries | 1 DB query | **75%** |
| 10 requests | 40 DB queries | 10 DB queries | **75%** |
| 50 requests | 200 DB queries | 50 DB queries | **75%** |

Spatie caches the *global* permission/role registry, but each `User::find()` still lazy-loads that user's role and permission relations from the database (about 4 queries across several tables). This package keeps the resolved per-user set in Redis, so the only database query left is the `SELECT ... FROM users` lookup; the rest is served from Redis plus a per-request in-memory cache.

#### Wall-clock per request (median, p50)

On in-process **SQLite** (database queries are nearly free, which isolates the Redis/in-memory paths):

| Scenario | spatie/laravel-permission | laravel-permissions-redis | Speedup |
|----------|:------------------------:|:-------------------------:|:-------:|
| 1 request (37 checks) | 2.22 ms | 1.70 ms | ~1.3x |
| 10 requests | 23.0 ms | 16.4 ms | ~1.4x |
| 50 requests | 118 ms | 82 ms | ~1.45x |

On **MySQL over TCP** (a realistic networked database; numbers are noisy across runs):

| Scenario | spatie/laravel-permission | laravel-permissions-redis | Speedup |
|----------|:------------------------:|:-------------------------:|:-------:|
| 1 request (37 checks) | ~3.5 ms | ~3.8 ms | ~1.0x (often a wash) |
| 10 requests | ~36 ms | ~36 ms | ~1.0x |
| 50 requests | ~185 ms | ~140 ms | ~1.3x |

> Each request exercises 27 `hasPermissionTo` calls, 4 `hasRole` calls, 4 batch ops, and 2 collection calls. On SQLite, avoiding 3 relation queries shows up as ~1.4x. On a networked database this package replaces those DB queries with several Redis reads (`SMEMBERS` / `HMGET`) over the same network, so latency lands close to Spatie plus cache and the edge is small and noisy (clear only on authorization-heavy requests). It was never the order of magnitude older numbers implied. The durable, hardware-independent difference is the query count above; the latency benefit is real but modest and database-dependent.

#### How the two approaches differ

| Aspect | spatie/laravel-permission | laravel-permissions-redis |
|--------|---------------------------|---------------------------|
| **What's cached globally** | Permission/role registry (in the Cache store) | Same data, denormalized into per-user/per-role Redis SETs |
| **Per-user resolution** | Lazy-loads the user's role/permission relations from the DB each request | Reads the resolved per-user set from Redis |
| **Permission check** | In-memory check once the relations are loaded | `SISMEMBER` against a Redis SET, then in-memory for the rest of the request |
| **Invalidation** | `forgetCachedPermissions()` drops the whole registry cache | Surgical: rewarms only the affected user/role |
| **After a change** | Next requests rebuild the registry from the DB | Other users' caches are untouched |

#### Where it actually helps

- **Reducing database load.** The durable win is 75% fewer DB queries per request (across several tables), which shifts authorization reads off the database and its connection pool onto Redis. It also gives a modest latency win, larger on slower or more remote databases.
- **Frequent role/permission changes.** Spatie drops the whole registry cache on any change; this package rewarms only the affected user(s), avoiding a cache-rebuild stampede.
- **Multi-tenant apps.** Per-tenant Redis key isolation is built in.

If your app runs a handful of checks per request at low traffic, Spatie with its cache is perfectly adequate and simpler (no hard Redis dependency). See [When to Use This Package](#when-to-use-this-package).

#### Try it yourself

```bash
git clone https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis-benchmark.git
cd laravel-permissions-redis-benchmark
docker compose up -d
# Open http://localhost:8080
```

See the [benchmark repository](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis-benchmark) for full details, screenshots, and instructions.

### When to Use This Package

#### Use `laravel-permissions-redis` when:

- **Database load is your bottleneck.** You want authorization reads off the database and its connection pool: 1 query per request instead of 4. Per-request latency improves modestly too (more on slow or remote databases), but this is not an order-of-magnitude speedup.
- **You already run Redis.** If Redis is part of your stack (sessions, queues, cache), adding authorization to it is a natural fit with no additional infrastructure.
- **You use Laravel Octane.** Built-in support for flushing in-memory state between requests prevents stale permission data in long-lived workers.
- **You need multi-tenancy.** Redis key isolation per tenant is built in, with support for `stancl/tenancy` or custom resolvers.
- **You want always-warm cache.** Instead of "forget and reload", this package keeps the cache hot with surgical invalidation.
- **You want wildcard permissions.** `fnmatch()` patterns like `posts.*` are fully supported.
- **You want a super admin role.** One config option bypasses all permission checks for a designated role.

#### Stick with `spatie/laravel-permission` when:

- **You don't run Redis.** This package requires Redis. If your infrastructure doesn't include it and you don't want to add it, Spatie works with any Laravel cache driver.
- **You need `getDirectPermissions()` / `getPermissionsViaRoles()`.** If your business logic distinguishes between direct and role-inherited permissions at runtime, Spatie provides this natively. This package merges them.
- **You need the teams feature.** Spatie's teams support is more mature than this package's multi-tenancy for certain team-based authorization patterns.
- **You support older PHP/Laravel versions.** Spatie supports PHP 8.0+ and Laravel 8+. This package requires PHP 8.3+ and Laravel 11+.
- **Authorization is not a bottleneck.** If your app has low traffic and few permission checks per request, the database-backed approach is perfectly adequate.

---

## Migrating from Spatie

Coming from `spatie/laravel-permission`? The API is intentionally similar. Most changes are namespace swaps and config adjustments.

See the **[full migration guide](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/blob/main/docs/migration-from-spatie.md)** for:

- Step-by-step migration instructions
- Method equivalence table (Spatie to this package)
- Behavior differences to be aware of
- Config mapping between both packages
- Artisan command to copy data and warm cache: `permissions-redis:migrate-from-spatie`

```bash
# Quick start (run after installing this package alongside Spatie)
php artisan permissions-redis:migrate-from-spatie
```

---

## Troubleshooting

### Redis connection refused

**Symptom:** `ConnectionException: Connection refused` or `Redis server went away`.

**Fix:**

1. Verify Redis is running:
   ```bash
   redis-cli ping
   # Expected: PONG
   ```

2. Check your `.env` Redis settings:
   ```env
   REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
   REDIS_PORT=6379
   REDIS_PASSWORD=null
   ```

3. Verify the connection name in `config/permissions-redis.php` matches a connection defined in `config/database.php`:
   ```php
   // config/permissions-redis.php
   'redis_connection' => env('PERMISSIONS_REDIS_CONNECTION', 'default'),
   ```

4. If using Docker, ensure the Redis service is accessible from your app container (use the service name, not `127.0.0.1`).

### Cache not invalidating after changes

**Symptom:** `assignRole()` or `givePermissionTo()` succeeds but `hasRole()` / `hasPermissionTo()` still returns the old value.

**Fix:**

1. Verify the event subscriber is registered. The `CacheInvalidator` subscriber should be active:
   ```bash
   php artisan permissions-redis:stats
   # If this runs, the service provider is loaded
   ```

2. Check that you are not suppressing events. `Model::withoutEvents()` or `Event::fake()` will prevent cache invalidation:
   ```php
   // This will NOT invalidate cache:
   Model::withoutEvents(fn () => $user->roles()->attach($roleId));

// This WILL invalidate cache (use the trait method):
   $user->assignRole('admin');
   ```

3. If you modify pivot tables directly via `DB::table()`, the cache won't auto-update. Warm manually:
   ```bash
   php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user {userId}
   ```

4. For Octane users, ensure `reset_on_request` is enabled so in-memory caches don't persist across requests:
   ```env
   PERMISSIONS_REDIS_OCTANE_RESET=true
   ```

### Permissions not detected after assignment

**Symptom:** `$user->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit')` returns `false` even though the permission was just assigned.

**Fix:**

1. **Guard mismatch** (the most common cause): Permissions and roles are scoped by guard name. If a permission was created with guard `web` but you're checking from an `api` guard context, it won't match:
   ```php
   // Created with 'web' guard (default)
   Permission::findOrCreate('posts.edit');

// Checking from 'api' guard, won't find it!
   $user->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit', 'api'); // false

// Fix: create the permission for the correct guard
   Permission::findOrCreate('posts.edit', 'api');

// Or use forGuard() to check explicitly
   $user->forGuard('web')->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit'); // true
   ```

2. **Permission not assigned to role.** If the user has a role but the role doesn't have the permission:
   ```php
   $role = Role::findOrCreate('editor');
   $role->syncPermissions(['posts.create']); // 'posts.edit' is not here
   $user->assignRole('editor');
   $user->hasPermissionTo('posts.edit'); // false, not in role
   ```

3. **Cache is stale.** Force a cache refresh:
   ```bash
   php artisan permissions-redis:warm-user {userId}
   ```

### Performance degradation

**Symptom:** Permission checks are slower than expected.

**Diagnose:**

1. Check cache statistics:
   ```bash
   php artisan permissions-redis:stats
   ```
   - **0 cached users** = cache is cold. Run `php artisan permissions-redis:warm`.
   - **TTL too low** = cache expires too often. Increase `PERMISSIONS_REDIS_TTL`.

2. Check Redis latency:
   ```bash
   redis-cli --latency
   ```
   Latency above 1ms may indicate network issues between app and Redis.

3. If using `predis` (userland PHP client), consider switching to `phpredis` (C extension) for better performance:
   ```bash
   pecl install redis
   ```
   Then set `'client' => 'phpredis'` in `config/database.php`.

4. If wildcard permissions are enabled and you have many permissions per user, `fnmatch()` scans all permissions. Consider using explicit permissions instead of wildcards for hot paths.

### Conflict with spatie/laravel-permission

**Symptom:** Unexpected behavior when both packages are installed, or errors after removing Spatie.

**Fix:**

1. **Both installed (during migration):** Both packages register the same middleware aliases (`permission`, `role`, `role_or_permission`). Whichever service provider loads last wins. This is expected during migration. Follow the [migration guide](https://github.com/scabarcas17/laravel-permissions-redis/blob/main/docs/migration-from-spatie.md).

2. **After removing Spatie:**
   ```bash
   composer remove spatie/laravel-permission
   php artisan config:clear
   php artisan cache:clear
   php artisan route:clear
   ```

3. Remove Spatie's config if it still exists:
   ```bash
   rm config/permission.php
   ```

4. Search for leftover Spatie references:
   ```bash
   grep -r "Spatie\\\\Permission" app/ config/ routes/ --include="*.php"
   ```

### Migrations not publishing

**Symptom:** `vendor:publish` doesn't create migration files or config.

**Fix:**

1. Verify the package is installed:
   ```bash
   composer show scabarcas/laravel-permissions-redis
   ```

2. Verify service provider auto-discovery is working:
   ```bash
   php artisan package:discover
   ```

3. Publish by tag explicitly:
   ```bash
   php artisan vendor:publish --tag=permissions-redis-config
   php artisan vendor:publish --tag=permissions-redis-migrations
   ```

4. If using `dont-discover` in `composer.json`, register the service provider manually in `bootstrap/providers.php`:
   ```php
   return [
       // ...
       Scabarcas\LaravelPermissionsRedis\PermissionsRedisServiceProvider::class,
   ];
   ```

---

## Versioning

This package follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org). The early 1.x through 4.x line moved fast and shipped breaking changes more often than it should have; from `4.x` onward the API is considered stable, and breaking changes will only land in a new major (`5.0.0`). Minor releases add backwards-compatible features, patch releases are fixes only. If a release breaks something that this policy says it shouldn't, please open an issue, it's a bug.

---

## License

This package is open-sourced software licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).

---

## Acknowledgements

This package is heavily inspired by [spatie/laravel-permission](https://github.com/spatie/laravel-permission) by [Spatie](https://spatie.be). Their work established the conventions and API patterns that the Laravel community knows and trusts. This package builds on those foundations, re-engineering the storage and resolution layer to use Redis as the primary cache with automatic invalidation.

Key concepts inherited from Spatie:
- The `HasRoles` / `HasPermissions` trait pattern for the User model
- `findOrCreate` semantics for roles and permissions
- Guard-scoped permissions and roles
- Blade directives (`@role`, `@permission`, `@hasanyrole`, etc.)
- Route middleware (`permission`, `role`, `role_or_permission`)
- Direct permissions vs. role-based permissions

---

## Author

**Sebastian Cabarcas** | [sebastianberrio45@hotmail.com](mailto:sebastianberrio45@hotmail.com)

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