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Pylette

(★ 170)

A Python library for extracting color palettes from supplied images.

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- - ci_tests.yaml
  - publish-docs-on-master.yaml
  - publish-to-pypi.yaml
- dependabot.yaml
- - alex_perez_palette_kmeans.jpg
  - alex_perez_palette_mediancut.jpg
  - jason_leung_palette_kmeans.jpg
  - jason_leung_palette_mediancut.jpg
  - josh_hild_palette_kmeans.jpg
  - josh_hild_palette_mediancut.jpg
  - pylette_gui.png
  - pylette_logo.jpg
- index.md
- reference.md
- - __init__.py
  - cli_utils.py
  - color.py
  - color_extraction.py
  - colorspaces.py
  - exceptions.py
  - operations.py
  - palette.py
  - types.py
- __init__.py
- cmd.py
- py.typed
- types.py
- - test_image.png
- - test_alpha_masking.py
  - test_batch_processing.py
  - test_cli.py
  - test_color_conversion.py
  - test_color_representation.py
  - test_colorspaces.py
  - test_exceptions.py
  - test_extractor_registry.py
  - test_invariants.py
  - test_json_export.py
  - test_metadata.py
  - test_oklab.py
  - test_operations.py
  - test_resize.py
- conftest.py
.gitignore
.pre-commit-config.yaml
CHANGELOG.md
CITATION.cff
LICENSE.md
mkdocs.yml
pyproject.toml
README.md
smoke_test.py
uv.lock

# Installation Guide

1. Get the code

git clone https://github.com/qTipTip/Pylette

Downloads the entire project code from GitHub to your computer.

cd Pylette

Moves into the project folder you just downloaded.

2. Official Install Script

Easy Recommended

Prerequisites

Python 3 Python is required to use pip.

pip install pylette

Installs the package published on PyPI directly — no need to clone the source.

✅ After installing, open a new terminal and run the program's version command (e.g. --version) to confirm it worked.

Pulled directly from this repo's README.

3. Python

Easy

Prerequisites

Git Needed to download the project code from GitHub.
Python 3 On Windows, be sure to check 'Add Python to PATH' during installation.

pip install pylette

Installs the package published on PyPI directly — no need to clone the source.

✅ If it runs without errors and prints output in the terminal, it worked.

Pulled directly from this repo's README.

// repository documentation

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<p align="center">
  <a href="https://qtiptip.github.io/Pylette/"><img src="docs/example_imgs/pylette_logo.jpg" alt="Pylette"></a>
</p>
<p align="center">
    <em>Extract color palettes from images using the command line or Python library
</em>
</p>

[![PyPI version](https://badge.fury.io/py/pylette.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/py/pylette)
![PyPI - Downloads](https://img.shields.io/pypi/dm/pylette)
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![Dependabot](https://img.shields.io/badge/dependabot-enabled-025E8C?logo=dependabot&logoColor=white)
[![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/145131524.svg)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14757252)

---

**Documentation**: [qtiptip.github.io/Pylette](https://qtiptip.github.io/Pylette/)

**Source code:** [qTipTip/Pylette](https://github.com/qTipTip/Pylette)

---

## What is Pylette?

Pylette helps you extract color palettes from images. Use the command-line interface for quick tasks or the Python library for more advanced workflows.

**Key Features:**
- Extract palettes from single images or batch process multiple files
- Export to JSON format with metadata and hex colors
- Support for different colorspaces (RGB, HSV, HLS)
- Handle transparent images with alpha channel masking
- Fast parallel processing for multiple images
- Rich progress display with color previews

## Getting Started

### Installation

You can easily install Pylette using pip:

```shell
pip install pylette
```

Or if you prefer using uv:

```shell
uv add pylette
```

## Command Line Usage

Extract palettes from images using simple commands:

```bash
# Extract 5 colors from an image (shows clean table output)
pylette image.jpg

# Process multiple images and export to JSON files
pylette *.jpg --export-json --output results/

# Extract 8 colors in HSV colorspace with structured export
pylette photo.png --palette-size 8 --colorspace hsv --export-json --output colors.json

# Batch process with parallel processing and table display
pylette images/*.png --palette-size 6 --max-workers 4
```

**Example Output:**
```
✓ Extracted 5 colors from sunset.jpg
┏━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ Hex      ┃ RGB             ┃ Frequency┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ #FF6B35  │ (255, 107, 53)  │    28.5% │
│ #F7931E  │ (247, 147, 30)  │    23.2% │
│ #FFD23F  │ (255, 210, 63)  │    18.7% │
│ #06FFA5  │ (6, 255, 165)   │    15.4% │
│ #4ECDC4  │ (78, 205, 196)  │    14.2% │
└──────────┴─────────────────┴──────────┘
```

### Export Options

Control how your palettes are saved:

```bash
# Individual JSON files for each image
pylette *.jpg --export-json --output palettes/
# Creates: palettes/palette_001.json, palettes/palette_002.json, etc.

# Combined JSON file with all palettes
pylette *.jpg --export-json --output all_colors.json

# Export with different colorspace
pylette image.jpg --colorspace hsv --export-json --output hsv_palette.json

# Suppress table output, only export JSON
pylette *.png --export-json --output results/ --no-stdout
```

### Common Options

```bash
# Use different extraction algorithms
pylette image.jpg --mode MedianCut --palette-size 6

# Handle transparent images
pylette logo.png --alpha-mask-threshold 128

# Customize output
pylette image.jpg --no-stdout --display-colors
```

## Python Library

For programmatic usage and advanced workflows:

```python
from pylette import extract_colors

# Extract palette with rich metadata
palette = extract_colors(image='image.jpg', palette_size=8)

# Access color properties with hex support
for color in palette.colors:
    print(f"RGB: {color.rgb}")
    print(f"Hex: {color.hex}")
    print(f"HSV: {color.hsv}")
    print(f"Frequency: {color.frequency:.2%}")

# Export to structured JSON
palette.to_json(filename='palette.json', colorspace='hsv')

# Access metadata
print(f"Source: {palette.image_source}")
print(f"Extraction time: {palette.processing_stats['extraction_time']:.2f}s")

# Simple export method
palette.export('my_colors', colorspace='hls', include_metadata=True)
```

### Batch Processing

For processing multiple images programmatically:

```python
from pylette import batch_extract_colors

# Process multiple images with parallel processing
results = batch_extract_colors(
    images=['image1.jpg', 'image2.png', 'image3.jpg'],
    palette_size=8,
    max_workers=4,
    mode='KMeans'
)

# Handle results
for result in results:
    if result.success and result.palette:
        print(f"✓ {result.source}: {len(result.palette.colors)} colors")
        result.palette.export(f"{result.source}_palette")
    else:
        print(f"✗ {result.source}: {result.error}")
```

The Python library provides full programmatic access to all CLI features plus detailed metadata and customization options.

## JSON Export Format

Pylette exports rich JSON data with semantic field names:

```json
{
  "colors": [
    {
      "rgb": [142, 152, 174],
      "hex": "#8E98AE",
      "frequency": 0.25
    }
  ],
  "palette_size": 5,
  "colorspace": "rgb",
  "metadata": {
    "image_source": "photo.jpg",
    "extraction_params": {
      "palette_size": 5,
      "mode": "KMeans"
    },
    "processing_stats": {
      "extraction_time": 0.234
    }
  }
}
```

Different colorspaces use semantic field names:
- **RGB**: `{"rgb": [255, 128, 64], "hex": "#FF8040", "frequency": 0.25}`
- **HSV**: `{"hsv": [0.08, 0.75, 1.0], "rgb": [255, 128, 64], "hex": "#FF8040", "frequency": 0.25}`
- **HLS**: `{"hls": [0.08, 0.63, 0.75], "rgb": [255, 128, 64], "hex": "#FF8040", "frequency": 0.25}`

### Interactive Table Output

When run without `--export-json`, Pylette displays a clean table:

```
✓ Extracted 5 colors from photo.jpg
┏━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ Hex      ┃ RGB             ┃ Frequency┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ #FF8040  │ (255, 128, 64)  │    25.2% │
│ #4080FF  │ (64, 128, 255)  │    30.1% │
└──────────┴─────────────────┴──────────┘
```

The table automatically adapts to show the chosen colorspace (RGB, HSV, or HLS).

## Working with Transparent Images

Handle transparency in both CLI and Python:

```bash
# CLI: Exclude pixels with alpha < 128
pylette transparent.png --alpha-mask-threshold 128
```

```python
# Python: Same functionality
from pylette import extract_colors
palette = extract_colors('transparent.png', alpha_mask_threshold=128)
```

## Why Choose Pylette?

- **Clean, Visual Output**: No more raw CSV dumps - see your colors in beautiful tables
- **Rich Metadata**: Every palette includes extraction details, timing, and image info
- **Flexible Export**: JSON format with semantic field names for easy parsing
- **Batch Ready**: Process hundreds of images with parallel processing and progress bars
- **Developer Friendly**: Comprehensive Python API with full type hints
- **Modern CLI**: Intuitive commands that guide you toward the right options

## CLI Reference

For complete usage information:

```bash
pylette --help
```

### All Options

```
Usage: pylette [OPTIONS] IMAGE_SOURCES...

Arguments:
  IMAGE_SOURCES...  Images, URLs, or directories to process [required]

Options:
  --mode [KMeans|MedianCut|OKLab]  Extraction algorithm [default: KMeans]
  --palette-size, --n INTEGER   Number of colors to extract [default: 5]
  --sort-by [frequency|luminance]  Sort colors by [default: luminance]
  --colorspace [rgb|hsv|hls]    Color space [default: rgb]
  --export-json                 Export to JSON format
  --output PATH                 Output file or directory for JSON export
  --alpha-mask-threshold [0-255]  Alpha threshold for transparency
  --max-workers, --num-threads INTEGER  Parallel processing threads
  --display-colors             Show palette images
  --no-stdout                  Suppress table output
  --help                       Show help message
```