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CNLohr's OpenVR Misadventures

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# cnovr

Pronounced /snoʊˈvɜ:/ "snow - ver" - declared as canon on Feb 17, 2020 after the first 3 livestreams.

**This is just me tinkering around with VR for fun in my own free time.  I'm not supporting this.  No, really.  This is a playground, you can come play, but it's probably broken for whatever you want to use it for, and don't expect me to fix it!**

To see what is possible checkout the playlist or visit [my channnel](https://www.youtube.com/user/CNLohr).

If you want to chat about it, discord's 'cnovr' channel on the cnlohr-projects server is the best way.  Right now (for the time being) invites are private - but feel free to reach out to @cnlohr on Discord for an invite.

My goal is to make a system which allows for extremely rapid VR game development, geared for livestreams.  In order to accomplish this, the primry mode for gameplay programming is to use C.  The whole of the engine is written in C to facilitate very fast recompiles.  All of the following assets may be modified at runtime and cnovr will constantly be scanning for file changes:
 * JSON "game" description files. (`.json`)
 * C scripts to be compiled by TinyCC (`.c`)
 * Shaders (`.vert`, `.frag`, `.geo`)
 * Models (currently only `.obj` supported)
 * Images/textures via stb_image (`.jpg`, `.png`, `.bmp`, `.pnm` etc..)

The overall methodology behind cnovr is to use a minimum of "libraries."  In general it should only be linking to OpenGL and OpenVR, where possible.  Things like video camera video will need to link to v4l2, etc...  From there it will directly open X windows, or Microsoft Windows windows.  All GL Extension rangling is handled by `chew.h`/`chew.c` internally.  By design, there are no eexternal dependencies that are not compiled directly into the executable.  Large compiled-in dependencies, apart from `TinyCC` and `stb_image` (and I'll think about maybe allowing gltf) will not be accepted.

All code is licensed under the MIT/X11 and/or newBSD licenses allowing for closed-source commercial use.

I'm probably never going to write much of a how-to or document anything on this project, either.  I'm mostly hoping google indexes the source code so I can google for when I want to do things I'm doing here.

## Background

This project was born out of spreadgine, which allowed you to use the HTC Vive on a Raspberry Pi 3. [https://github.com/cnlohr/spreadgine](https://github.com/cnlohr/spreadgine) It did not use OpenVR.  This project uses many of the same principles but instead is geared for desktop usage with OpenVR.

## Operating

### On Linux:
#### Prerequisites:

```
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev libasound2-dev gcc-multilib git libxext-dev libpulse-dev xdotool libssl-dev
```

#### Operating:
```
git clone https://github.com/cnlohr/cnovr --recurse-submodules
cd cnovr
cp openvr/lib/linux64/libopenvr_api.so .
make -j4
./main ovrball
```

### On Windows

#### Prerequisites

* Download and install **64-bit** tinycc 0.9.27 to `C:\tcc`<sup>1</sup> from here https://download-mirror.savannah.gnu.org/releases/tinycc/tcc-0.9.27-win64-bin.zip
* Download and install the winapi-full tcc zip on top of your TCC installation, overwriting the windows.h, etc. files. You can download it from here: https://download-mirror.savannah.gnu.org/releases/tinycc/winapi-full-for-0.9.27.zip
* It **must** be the 64-bit version.  You cannot cross-compile cnovr on Windows.
* It **must** be the public binary version found in the link above (at least right now) as newer versions tweak the way some libraries work.
* Install SteamVR https://store.steampowered.com/app/250820/SteamVR/

#### Operating:
```
git clone https://github.com/cnlohr/cnovr --recurse-submodules
cd cnovr
winbuild
main projects\ovrball\ovrball.json
```

#### <sup>1</sup> Alternative TCC directory
If you don't want to install programs into your `C:\` root, you can install TCC elsewhere, and update the following locations:
* `winbuild.bat`: Change the first part of line 2 to point to the TCC executable properly.
* `src/cnovrtcc.c`: Update lines 62 and 63 (`tcc_add_include_path`)

#### Shader errors
If you get errors like this:
```
ERROR: 0:2: '' : illegal character (") (0x22)
ERROR: 0:2: '' : illegal character (") (0x22)
ERROR: 0:3: '' : syntax error: #line
ERROR: 0:17: '' : illegal character (") (0x22)
ERROR: 0:17: '' : illegal character (") (0x22)
ERROR: 0:18: '' : syntax error: #line
```
Add `-DSTB_INCLUDE_LINE_NONE` to the end of line 2 in `winbuild.bat`.

#### No OSX Support planned because there are no VR platforms for OSX.

## Controller support
As of now it supports the following controllers natively:
 * Vive
 * Knucles
 * Oculus Touch

#### Adding support:
To add support for your controllers you need to:
 * Create a default_<controller_name>.json
 * Add it to default_actions.json

You can find steamVR's default configuration files for each controller supported in SteamVR\drivers\CONTROLLER\resources\input . They are useful to find the internal name of both the controllers and their functions.

## Mixed reality

You will need Linux to do mixed reality.  There is currently no windows driver supported by cnv4l2.  There is a camera widget you can see from within VR that will help you configure your camera if you enable advanced camera settings in your JSON.  There are a few weird restrictions.  Your camera **must** be 1920x1080, and **must** be YUYV.  30 or 60 Hz is supported, but 60 Hz is **strongly recommended**.   You **cannot** use an MJPEG camera.  The setup I found to work best was using a Mira capture card and a DSLR I have on long-term loan from a friend.  This means you can only use a USB 3.0 enabled camera.  Mirabox capture cards just happen to work out very well and are the least expensive capture cards.  Other more expensive ones may work.

Your camera must already be rectilinear.  You may be able to write a warping or dewarping step, but these are currently unimplmeented. This means you should be using a camera that can do all lens correction in its software.

## TODO

Event System:
 * Should probably commonize event system.
 * Should probably make event system or at least lists be able to have priorities.
 * Should we rejigger the jobs task/list?  Should it ONLY be a list?  Removal will be slow, maybe we can mark the job as "unused" and go from there.

Collisions:
 * Add optimization for geometry early exit.
 * Add optimization for triangle early exit.
 * When intersecting with an object with a larger bubble, convex edges aren't perfectly smooth, space kinda wraps around them. and you intersect the edge even though you should the flat piece if you just extrude the face outward.  Need to also "stretch" the face.

Ovrball:
 * Write AI
 * Fix issues when you have a skipped timestamp.

New modules:
 * Terminal

Model Loading:
 * Optimize model loading
 * Add more features to custom effects for model loading the the colon operator.

Parts:
 * Make textures + shaders instancable, i.e. you make a new shader that's the same as an old one, it re-uses the object #.

General:
 * Make some global "now" or delta timer, "time of next frame flip"?  (i.e. 1/fps + frame start time)?
 * Figure out why OpenGL is crashing on Linux if you add the -rdynamic flag.  This is crucial for better debugging.

Maybe:
 * There should be some default shader for if a shader with a 0 id is activated, it can go to the default.
 * Give TCC scripts up to one frame to properly shutdown.  If they're still running, terminate them.  Callback?

Distant-future todo:
 * Improve YUYV / etc. decoding.  Also support other color formats.  Although most cameras support YUYV natively, the new Windows camera SDKs don't look like they do.  See this: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/ms867704(v=msdn.10)?redirectedfrom=MSDN
 * Input animations: { "name": "/actions/m/anim", "type": "skeleton", "skeleton": "/skeleton/hand/right" }
 * Check this out: https://github.com/NVIDIA/NvPipe/blob/master/src/Video_Codec_SDK_9.0.20/Samples/NvCodec/NvEncoder/NvEncoder.cpp  CNOVRStreaming?

Camera:
 * Improve cnv4l2 to allow for advanced userptr, to allow direct streaming into GPU.
 * Change the green-screen algorithm to more quickly perform the composite.  Probably by pyramidally calculating the green-pass.

Past Considerations:
 * The cnovr_header base.
   * Should this be a pointer to a structure of common pointers (like C++) or contain all basic props right there?
   * Decision: It should be like C++, where we have "types" in memory instead of willy nilly funptrs.
 * Should "update" be a phase?  Should "prerender" be a phase?  Should things just be loaded in as events?
   * Decision: Yes.  Update, Prerender and Collide should be decoupled since they are not order or tree dependent.
 * We want to be able to delete anything by a TCC instance handle to prevent serious issues.  How to handle this?
   * We could make the overarching system aware of it.
   * We could just wrap the TCC functions for these things to safe-ify them.

Livestream TODO:
 * People in chat can interface with the program.
 * Move ColorChord's audio system into cnovr.
 * Fix ball physics.

NOTES: 
 * Fix "AdditionalFiles" cause that's busted right now.

TODO:
 * Add barytc to all things by means of stuffing a value in the w component of normal.

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