pe1-modbus

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Local network integration of a Fröling PE1-Heater into Home Assistant via Modbus TCP

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# pe1-modbus

NOTE: This project is not an official HA or HACS integration.

This project offers a guideline how a Fröling PE1 / Lambdatronic Pellet boiler can be integrated into Home Assistant (HA - https://www.home-assistant.io) using the builtin Modbus interface.

This repo also includes python scripts that use a modbus module to read registers from PE1 an then post them via MQTT to use inside Home Assistant but this is not necessary since HA has it's own Modbus interface where we can directly map PE1 registers to HA entities.

At the time of writing the only drawback is that it seems to be impossible to combine those Modbus entites in HA into a Homeassitant device. The MQTT interface supports this so if you want that check the code in /src/pe1modbus.

## Hardware Requirements
The Lambdatronic board offers 2 serial interfaces, which can be configured to Modbus TCP in the settings.
To conveiently integrate the device into the local LAN network, the serial connection needs an adapter to RJ45 (RS232 to Ethernet Converter). This one by Waveshare (Industrial RS232/RS485 to Ethernet Converter) was used and is confiremd to work:
- https://www.waveshare.com/rs232-485-to-eth-for-eu.htm

The RS232 side can be connected to the COM2 port on the Lambdtronic. Ensure you use the proper cable that has the RX TX pins crossed.

More infromation on the hardware setup can be found in this guide:
https://loxwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/LOX/pages/1704984631/Fr+ling+Pelletskessel+RS232+an+Loxone+Modbus+TCP?focusedCommentId=1705050279

## Modbus TCP
After the hardware setup, there are many ways to test the modbus communication. QModMaster is a great tool for exploring Registers via a GUI - https://github.com/zhanglongqi/qModMaster. You could also write some short script in Python using the module pyModbusTCP (https://pypi.org/project/pyModbusTCP/), see **** in this repo for an example.

Information on Register addresses etc. can be studied in the ModBus Lambdatronic 3200 Modbus Definition Document (google search should provide a link to download).

## Home Assitant Modbus

Home Assitant offers a interface to include entities using the Modbus protocol - https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/modbus/

The cleanest way to do this would be to create a `modbus.yaml` in your HA home directory (next to the configuration.yaml) and include it into the configuration like so:

```yaml
modbus: !include modbus.yaml
```

This repo includes an example `modbus.yaml` file including a few entities that can be easily extended to suit your needs.

Inside the `modbus.yaml` we first need to specify the `hub` which for this setup is the address of the Waveshare Converter.

The PE1 boiler usues a seperate Ethernet connection which is intended for the Fröling Connect service. Make sure to specify the Waveshare converter address in the yaml.

```yaml
- name: pe1_hub
  type: tcp
  host: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx # address of the Waveshare converter
  port: 502
  sensors:
    ...
```

In the sensors section, you can spceify the register addresses you want to map to HA entities. For further information on how to address input registers holding registers etc. study the HA Modbus documentation linked above.

The PE1 system offers two input registers that specify the system status and the boiler status which are impelemented via an enum. See the Lambdatronic Modbus Definition PDF for more information on this. If you want to amp those status integer values to the corresponding status strings you can do this in HA via templating.

Example: So lets say we have declared one entity for the system status in our `modbus.yaml` like so:

```yaml
- name: Modbus PE1 System Status Enum
  unique_id: modbus_pe1_system_status_enum
  slave: 2
  input_type: input
  address: 4000
  scan_interval: 30
  device_class: enum
```

We can then create a template entity in e.g. another yaml file used for template entities in the HA config directory `template.yaml` which is again included in the `configuration.yaml` like so:

```yaml
template: !include template.yaml
```

Inside this file we can map the enum values of our entity `modbus_pe1_system_status_enum` to string values that we can use to display in the frontend in some human readable format:

```yaml
- name: "Modbus PE1 System Status"
  unique_id: "modbus_pe1_system_status"
  state: >
    {% set mapper =  {      
      '0' : 'Continuous load',
      '1' : 'Domestic hot water',
      '2' : 'Automatic',
      '3' : 'Firewood operation',
      '4' : 'Cleaning',
      '5' : 'Boiler off',
      '6' : 'Extra heating',
      '7' : 'Chimney sweep',
      '8' : 'Cleaning' } %}
    {% set state =  states.sensor.modbus_pe1_system_status_enum.state %}
    {{ mapper[state] if state in mapper else 'Unknown' }}
  icon: >
    {% if this.state == 'Automatic' %}
      mdi:refresh-auto
    {% elif this.state == 'Domestic hot water' %}
      mdi:water-pump
    {% elif this.state == 'Continous load' %}
      mdi:hours-24
    {% else %}
      mdi:alert-circle
    {% endif %}
```
Here you could also change the icon of the entity based on it's state like shown above.

The same can be done for the boiler/furnace status. See the full `modbus.yaml` and `template.yaml` included in this repo for more info.

## Remote Control
We can make use of the HA Modbus interface in combination with a template select to achieve remote control of some functions of the heater like flow and boiler temperature setpoints or the heating mode.

For example we can create an input select (Dropdown) in HA that is linked to a holding register like the register to set the heating mode. Combined with a template select automation we can issue write_register commands via the modbus interface and change the heating mode this way.

The Modbus definition document specifies the register address for changing the heating mode with 48047 for the heating circuit 1, 48048 for circuit 2 and so on. Since we are dealing with holding registers the offset starts at 40000 so the correct address for the circuit 1 mode is `8046`.

This register holds values from 0 to 5 for the six different modes:

* 0 ... Off
* 1 ... Automatic
* 2 ... Extra heating
* 3 ... Setback
* 4 ... Continuous setback
* 5 ... Party mode

We can use a modbus enum definition for the heating mode like shown above with the system status like so:

```yaml
- name: Modbus PE1 Heating Mode Enum
  unique_id: modbus_pe1_heating_mode_enum
  slave: 2
  input_type: holding
  address: 8046
  scan_interval: 30
  device_class: enum
```

Moreover we need to define a input select, this can be done via Devices->Helpers. Here create a new helper and select Dropdown, lets name it `heating_mode_select`.

Here we can add the 6 options for the modes like so:
```text
  0. Off
  1. Automatic,
  2. Extra heating
  3. Setback
  4. Continuous setback
  5. Party mode
```

it's important to include the prefix numbers 0-5 since the automation will take the first entry in the character array for each selection for processing.

Now we can create an automation that makes use of the register enum and  input_select like so:

```yaml
alias: Switch Heating Mode
description: Switch the heating mode
trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id:
      - sensor.modbus_pe1_heating_mode_enum
    id: input
    to: null
  - platform: state
    entity_id:
      - input_select.heating_mode_select
    id: select
    to: null
condition: []
action:
  - choose:
      - conditions:
          - condition: trigger
            id: input
        sequence:
          - variables:
              values:
                "0": 0. Off
                "1": 1. Automatic
                "2": 2. Extra heating
                "3": 3. Setback
                "4": 4. Continuous setback
                "5": 5. Party mode
          - service: input_select.select_option
            target:
              entity_id: input_select.heating_mode_select
            data:
              option: "{{ values.get(trigger.to_state.state) }}"
      - conditions:
          - condition: trigger
            id: select
        sequence:
          - service: modbus.write_register
            data_template:
              address: 8046
              slave: 2
              hub: pe1_test
              value: "{{ trigger.to_state.state[0] | int(0) }}"

```

Now we can use this dropdown via `input_select.heating_mode_select` and change the heating mode via the modbus interface!

We can also use the same approach to remote control the flow temeperature set point and the hotwater boiler temperature setpoint.

## Visualization

The following shows some visualization ideas, using the new entities we have setup.

### Heating Curve (Flow Target Setpoint)

Most HA visualization options for displaying line and scatter plots are designed to display time-based/historic data from HA entities. The `plotly-graph` card which can be installed via HACS however can be configured in a specific ways to not only use a time-based x-axis. This way we can use entities representing the heating curve lower and upper setpoints, along with the outside temperture and the target flow setpoint to construct a heating curve like shown below.

The plotly-graph configuration for this visualization can be found in `/visualization/heating_curve.yaml`.

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/pe1_heating_curve.png)

### Historic Data

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/hotwater_history.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/buffer_temp_history.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/heating_flow_history.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/pellet_consumption.png)

For some of those plots the `apexcharts-card` was used which you can integrate via HACS.

As the HA energy dashboard does not (yet) offer support for something like pellet consumption, since it does not support weight metrics like g/kg etc. we can use a `Utility Meter` for that purpose. The pellet consumption plot uses the modbus entity `modbus_pe1_pellet_consumption_kg` in combination with a Utility Meter which can be setup in the Helpers section of HA. The Utility meter enables us to display only the delta of consumption for each day, since the original modbus_pe1_pellet_consumption_kg entity is a total increasing count.

### System Status
HA offers the `picture-elements` lovelance card, which we can use to display custom images, entity state labels, icons and more. Using draw.io or even the Microsoft Word, we can draw shapes representing our heating system components and overlay some of our entities to achieve something like shown below.

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/smokyflex/pe1-modbus/main/img/pe1_system.gif)

The picture-element configuration for this visualization can be found in `/visualization/system_status.yaml`.

The corresponding images used for this visualization can be found in the /img directory.

If you want to achieve this exact visualization, some additional template sensors are needed that can be found in the `/template.yaml`.

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