uiua-plot

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Data plotting library for the Uiua programming language

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# uiua-plot

`uiua-plot` is a data plotting library for the [Uiua](https://uiua.org) programming language.

The library requires `# Experimental!` due to reliance on the `layout` function for text rendering, reliance on [`uiua-math`](https://github.com/Omnikar/uiua-math), and internal usage of experimental modifiers/functions.

To be able to plot data, you need to turn it into a `Data` instance. `Data` wraps raw data with configuration that affects how it is plotted.

To wrap raw data using default configuration values, just call `Data` directly.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data
Data [2007_2 2008_1 2009_3]
```
Or use `≡ rows` if you have multiple series.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data
≡Data [
  [2007_2 2008_1 2009_3]
  [2007_2 2008_2 2009_4]
]
```

On the other hand, if you want to configure how series are drawn, you can use a builder pattern as follows, using `°⊸` to set fields.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data
[ Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_1 2009_3]
    # Color to draw the plot
    °⊸Color 0.33_0.51_0.93
    # Label to use in the plot legend
    °⊸Label "Ice Cream Sales"
  )
  Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_2 2009_4]
    °⊸Color 0.85_0.32_0.25
    °⊸Label "Shark Attacks"
  )]
```

## Scatter/Line plots

Once you have the `Data` you want to plot (as either a single instance or an array of `Data`), you can use the `Plot` function to plot it.

To plot without additional configuration, simply invoke `Plot` with the data. This will produce an RGBA image.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data Plot
[ Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_1 2009_3]
    # Color to draw the plot
    °⊸Color 0.33_0.51_0.93
    # Label to use in the plot legend
    °⊸Label "Ice Cream Sales"
  )
  Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_2 2009_4]
    °⊸Color 0.85_0.32_0.25
    °⊸Label "Shark Attacks"
  )]
&ims Plot
```
This code produces the following output:  
![Example plot without global configuration](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot/main/example-images/example-plot-0.png)

However, you will often want to configure specific parts of the actual plot. This can be done by using the `Plot!` macro, which provides an identical interface to Uiua's [optional arguments system](https://www.uiua.org/tutorial/Data%20Definitions#data-functions). Note that you will have to import `Plot!` specifically (rather than just `Plot`) to use it. To see the full list of fields you can set in this way, see [the corresponding section of the README](https://github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot#configuration-fields).
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data Plot!
[ Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_1 2009_3]
    # Color to draw the plot
    °⊸Color 0.33_0.51_0.93
    # Label to use in the plot legend
    °⊸Label "Ice Cream Sales"
  )
  Data!(
    New [2007_2 2008_2 2009_4]
    °⊸Color 0.85_0.32_0.25
    °⊸Label "Shark Attacks"
  )]
Plot!(
  # Minimum and maximum x bounds
  °⊸XBounds 2006.9_2009.1
  # Minimum and maximum y bounds
  °⊸YBounds ¯0.3_4.3
  # Spacing between gridlines in the x and y directions
  °⊸GridlineInterval 0.5_1
  # Size of the image to produce
  °⊸Size 800_400
  # Whether to draw dots
  # Setting this in `PlotConfig` provides a default for all series.
  # Use the identically-named field in `Data` for individual series.
  °⊸DrawDots 0
  # Label of the x-axis
  °⊸XLabel "Year"
)
&ims
```
This code produces the following output ([try it online](https://uiua.org/pad?src=0_19_0-dev_2__eJx9kc-O0zAQxu95imkrIfbQrPsPWm7QIrQS_6QKwWpVpdN4mozq2JXjtCmHfQBeBo6c91F4EmQnu0Ws4GRbM983P8_Xg9f1niwXpB2qTnQL3YzdC8jY5dUmTk1x-aHQvEN7WXGF_b0yrgu3sECH8FEZ14luwqPzNAIAeE9HuBkK8TwZwlCIaTLwxywZrUK5B3OjjAVnQFo8gssJvGUo3v349e1nUxfxaJSIeDJIRDwbtdK3uCHlpVVJwPpBDIoy0vLs0TR2r1KCuSUsYImKym4EcBHBf2nDMUvGq8dA00ki4tEwEfFw8mjUMke7g5fOYbprBq2isB0_pwfvWHNRFYBaQoF1uNewMZWWZdQ6fXkVnh7gWTxLPEc8-Kf69Jf6ulXffRfxKBnHfmc9WO4xZZ3BhtyRSENmWSrWVN6vrw6mJ5BsKXVs9IPhm7b1SjuyB1Qg4knS8Cz5K4HZBgMuMCOfyd4aWaV0Lw89UyGSsRBB9Dknl9M5eWmcn9WDJTnnGV3OAWvt9zY3esvZ2rseWFIJCJK2WCkHW2MBlYKSLFMZB49PJTU0krTjFJU69TUWJGHLpGSw9bGvg5q15APLCv80CdQLi8eFcSU0zE247U_rPtZ8TqsN_prQdqOL6AkXZfQbGyQUsg==)):  
![Example plot with global configuration](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot/main/example-images/example-plot-1.png)

## Bar charts

In addition to `Plot` for creating scatter/line plots, `BarChart`/`BarChart!` can be used to create bar graphs.

For instance:
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: https://github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ BarChart! Data
[ Data!(
    # Data for bar charts should be lists of scalars,
    # rather than lists of coordinates.
    New 2_1_3
    °⊸Label "Ice Cream Sales"
  )
  Data!(
    New 2_2_4
    °⊸Label "Shark Attacks"
  )]
BarChart!(
  # Size of the image to produce
  °⊸Size 512_400
  # Gridline spacing in the y direction
  °⊸(⊣GridlineInterval) 1
  # Label of the x-axis
  °⊸XLabel "Year"
  # Label of the y-axis
  °⊸YLabel "Quantity"
  # Labels for each bar cluster
  °⊸BarLabels {"2007" "2008" "2009"}
)
&ims
```
This code produces the following output ([try it online](https://uiua.org/pad?src=0_19_0-dev_2__eJxlkdtqFEEQhu_7Kf6dBcmCyR4SUXNnokhAlLA3BglLbU9lp9me7qG6RncN5gHyGnmBXHrto-RJZA4bo14VBd9X9Rc1xLtNxeJKDkp-YG6QrZweo1Ct0vF4vHJa1MsDG8vxpzK4Ncm4djXtVz5qhhuckJwWJDrAW1IyX9oy2DMAMGwbXEXBkgS24RJSEWufY8nwLmlCvEKy5EnS894S0oIFWlD4w9gYJXeBlNNBy33kb5gtpovDtvt1_3D78wMt2SM7s4xTYSoxJ88pM8DI4Gmyzp0tjv5z5wXJGm9Uya4789I83tjIQ8zdd24SacFwJa0YGlFJzGvLpp82b5gX09niaDJppfficu8CI1VkXVjBhXbAFrkTtupi2Ll7D7d3O_wsKMtX8iNM2zFdyn75Zp82Lu20z_0FF0zSBP8H3v4FX_TweU1BnW6fCKl9GJMtuq_5OinLTjwh6anrbDaZvMzQlFddeZ39MCPzzJXJ_AZIDcTP)):  
![Example bar chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot/main/example-images/example-plot-2.png)

## Histograms

The `Histogram` function takes data and categorizes frequencies of intervals as determined by the x component of the configured `GridlineInterval` (inferred if unspecified), then makes a histogram. Note that `Histogram` cannot take multiple data series, and must be passed a single `Data` instance.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Data Histogram
# Generate 1000 binomial random variables with p=0.8 and N=20
/+<0.8 gen 20_1000 0
&ims Histogram Data
```
This code produces the following output ([try it online](https://uiua.org/pad?src=0_14_0-dev_1__IyBFeHBlcmltZW50YWwhCn4gImdpdDogZ2l0aHViLmNvbS9PbW5pa2FyL3VpdWEtcGxvdCIgfiBEYXRhIEhpc3RvZ3JhbQojIEdlbmVyYXRlIDEwMDAgYmlub21pYWwgcmFuZG9tIHZhcmlhYmxlcyB3aXRoIHA9MC44IGFuZCBOPTIwCi8rPDAuOCBnZW4gMjBfMTAwMCAwCiZpbXMgSGlzdG9ncmFtIERhdGEK)):  
![Example histogram](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot/main/example-images/example-plot-3.png)

## Functions

The `Func!` macro can be used to plot functions. It takes a function and an x interval and produces a `Data` instance that can be passed to `Plot`.
```uiua
# Experimental!
~ "git: github.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot" ~ Func! Plot
# Plot the function x² from -3 to 3
&ims Plot Func!˙× ¯3_3
```
This code produces the following output ([try it online](https://uiua.org/pad?src=0_19_0-dev_2__eJxTVnCtKEgtysxNzStJzFHkqlNQSs8ssVJIzyzJKE3SS87P1ffPzcvMTizSL80sTdQtyMkvUVKoU3ArzUtWVAjIyS_hUgZTCiUZqQpppXnJJZn5eQoVhzYppBXl5yroGiuU5CsYc6ll5hZD1IF1np55eLrCofXG8cZcAG1XLXI=)):  
![Example function plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Omnikar/uiua-plot/main/example-images/example-plot-4.png)

## Configuration fields

All available configuration values can be found in the following tables.

In the `Data` table, "Inherits global" indicates that a field has an analogue in `PlotConfig`, and if unspecified in `Data`, will inherit whatever is configured in the `PlotConfig` being used (the `PlotConfig` default if unspecified). These global fallback values are indicated in the `PlotConfig` table with "Global fallback."

#### `Data`
| Field | Shape | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| `Color` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Color with which to plot this data | [Desmos graph colors](https://www.desmos.com/api/v1.7/docs/index.html#document-colors) |
| `Label` | string | Label to put in the legend | `""` |
| `DrawDots` | `[]` | Whether to draw dots (expects `0` or `1`) | Inherits global |
| `DotSize` | `[]` | Size with which to draw dots | Inherits global |
| `DrawLines` | `[]` | Whether to draw lines (expects `0` or `1`) | Inherits global |
| `LineWidth` | `[]` | Thickness with which to draw lines | Inherits global |

#### `PlotConfig`
| Field | Shape | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|---|
| `XBounds` | `[2]` | The minimum and maximum x bounds of the plot (overrides `Min` and `Max`) | Inferred |
| `YBounds` | `[2]` | The minimum and maximum y bounds of the plot (overrides `Min` and `Max`) | Inferred |
| `Min` | `[2]` | The minimum x and y bounds of the plot (overrides `XBounds` and `YBounds`) | Inferred |
| `Max` | `[2]` | The maximum x and y bounds of the plot (overrides `XBounds` and `YBounds`) | Inferred |
| `Size` | `[2]` | The pixel dimensions of the image to output | `[512 512]` |
| `BgColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Plot background color | `[1 1 1]` |
| `AxisWidth` | `[]` | Thickness of the main axes | `3` |
| `AxisColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Color of the main axes | `[0 0 0]` |
| `GridlineWidth` | `[]` | Thickness of the gridlines | `1` |
| `GridlineColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Color of the gridlines | `[0.7 0.7 0.7]` |
| `GridlineInterval` | `[2]` | Spacing between gridlines in the x and y directions | Inferred |
| `NumberSize` | `[]` | Font size to use for axis numbers | `15` |
| `NumberColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Font color to use for axis numbers | `[0.3 0.3 0.3]` |
| `XLabel` | string | x-axis label | `""` |
| `YLabel` | string | y-axis label | `""` |
| `AxisLabelSize` | `[]` | Font size to use for axis labels | `20` |
| `AxisLabelColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Font color to use for axis labels | `[0.2 0.2 0.2]` |
| `PlotLabelSize` | `[]` | Font size to use for data series labels | `15` |
| `PlotLabelColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Font color to use for data series labels | `[0.2 0.2 0.2]` |
| `BarWidth` | `[]` | Width with which to draw each bar | `40` |
| `BarLabels` | boxed string list | Labels to use for each bar/bar cluster | `{}` |
| `BarLabelSize` | `[]` | Font size to use for bar/bar cluster labels | `15` |
| `BarLabelColor` | `[3]` or `[4]` | Font color to use for bar/bar cluster labels | `[0.2 0.2 0.2]` |
| `DrawDots` | `[]` | (Global fallback) Whether to draw dots when plotting a series (expects `0` or `1`) | `1` |
| `DotSize` | `[]` | (Global fallback) Size with which to draw dots | `40` |
| `DrawLines` | `[]` | (Global fallback) Whether to draw lines when plotting a series (expects `0` or `1`) | `1` |
| `LineWidth` | `[]` | (Global fallback) Thickness with which to draw lines | `8` |

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