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three-forcegraph

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Force-directed graph as a ThreeJS 3d object

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ThreeJS Force-Directed Graph
============================

[![NPM package][npm-img]][npm-url]
[![Build Size][build-size-img]][build-size-url]
[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-img]][npm-downloads-url]

A [ThreeJS](https://threejs.org/) WebGL class to represent a graph data structure in a 3-dimensional space using a force-directed iterative layout.
Uses either [d3-force-3d](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d) or [ngraph](https://github.com/anvaka/ngraph.forcelayout3d) for the underlying physics engine.

See also the [standalone version](https://github.com/vasturiano/3d-force-graph), and the [react-three-fiber bindings](https://github.com/vasturiano/r3f-forcegraph).

## ❤️ Support This Project

If you find this module useful and would like to support its development, you can [buy me a ☕](https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&business=L398E7PKP47E8&currency_code=USD&source=url). Your contributions help keep open-source sustainable!
[![paypal](https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_SM.gif)](https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&business=L398E7PKP47E8&currency_code=USD&source=url)

## Quick start

```js
import ThreeForceGraph from 'three-forcegraph';
```
or using a *script* tag
```html
<script src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/three-forcegraph"></script>
```
then
```js
const myGraph = new ThreeForceGraph()
 .graphData(myData);

const myScene = new THREE.Scene();
myScene.add(myGraph);

...

// on animation frame
myGraph.tickFrame();
```

## API reference

| Method | Description | Default |
| --- | --- | :--: |
| graphData([data]) | Getter/setter for graph data structure (see below for syntax details). Can also be used to apply [incremental updates](https://observablehq.com/@vasturiano/dynamic-3d-graph). | `{ nodes: [], links: [] }` |
| jsonUrl([url]) | URL of JSON file to load graph data directly from, as an alternative to specifying graphData directly. | |
| numDimensions([int]) | Getter/setter for number of dimensions to run the force simulation on (1, 2 or 3). | 3 |
| dagMode([str]) | Apply layout constraints based on the graph directionality. Only works correctly for [DAG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph) graph structures (without cycles). Choice between `td` (top-down), `bu` (bottom-up), `lr` (left-to-right), `rl` (right-to-left), `zout` (near-to-far), `zin` (far-to-near), `radialout` (outwards-radially) or `radialin` (inwards-radially). | |
| dagLevelDistance([num]) | If `dagMode` is engaged, this specifies the distance between the different graph depths. | *auto-derived from the number of nodes* |
| dagNodeFilter([fn]) | Node accessor function to specify nodes to ignore during the DAG layout processing. This accessor method receives a node object and should return a `boolean` value indicating whether the node is to be included. Excluded nodes will be left unconstrained and free to move in any direction. | `node => true` |
| onDagError([fn]) | Callback to invoke if a cycle is encountered while processing the data structure for a DAG layout. The loop segment of the graph is included for information, as an array of node ids. By default an exception will be thrown whenever a loop is encountered. You can override this method to handle this case externally and allow the graph to continue the DAG processing. Strict graph directionality is not guaranteed if a loop is encountered and the result is a best effort to establish a hierarchy. | *throws exception* |
| nodeRelSize([num]) | Getter/setter for the ratio of node sphere volume (cubic px) per value unit. | 4 |
| nodeId([str]) | Node object accessor attribute for unique node id (used in link objects source/target). | `id` |
| nodeVal([num, str or fn]) | Node object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the node numeric value (affects sphere volume). | `val` |
| nodeResolution([num]) | Getter/setter for the geometric resolution of each node, expressed in how many slice segments to divide the circumference. Higher values yield smoother spheres. | 8 |
| nodeVisibility([boolean, str or fn]) | Node object accessor function, attribute or a boolean constant for whether to display the node. | `true` |
| nodeColor([str or fn]) | Node object accessor function or attribute for node color (affects sphere color). | `color` |
| nodeAutoColorBy([str or fn]) | Node object accessor function (`fn(node)`) or attribute (e.g. `'type'`) to automatically group colors by. Only affects nodes without a color attribute. | |
| nodeOpacity([num]) | Getter/setter for all the nodes sphere opacity, between [0,1]. | 0.75 |
| nodeThreeObject([Object3d, str or fn]) | Node object accessor function or attribute for generating a custom 3d object to render as graph nodes. Should return an instance of [ThreeJS Object3d](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html#api/core/Object3D). If a falsy value is returned, the default 3d object type will be used instead for that node. | *default node object is a sphere, sized according to `val` and styled according to `color`.* |
| nodeThreeObjectExtend([bool, str or fn]) | Node object accessor function, attribute or a boolean value for whether to replace the default node when using a custom `nodeThreeObject` (`false`) or to extend it (`true`). | `false` |
| nodePositionUpdate([fn(nodeObject, coords, node)]) | Getter/setter for the custom function to call for updating the position of nodes at every render iteration. It receives the respective node `ThreeJS Object3d`, the coordinates of the node (`{x,y,z}` each), and the node's `data`. If the function returns a truthy value, the regular position update function will not run for that node. | |
| linkSource([str]) | Link object accessor attribute referring to id of source node. | `source` |
| linkTarget([str]) | Link object accessor attribute referring to id of target node. | `target` |
| linkVisibility([boolean, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a boolean constant for whether to display the link line. A value of `false` maintains the link force without rendering it. | `true` |
| linkColor([str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for line color. | `color` |
| linkAutoColorBy([str or fn]) | Link object accessor function (`fn(link)`) or attribute (e.g. `'type'`) to automatically group colors by. Only affects links without a color attribute. | |
| linkOpacity([num]) | Getter/setter for line opacity of all the links, between [0,1]. | 0.2 |
| linkWidth([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the link line width. A value of zero will render a [ThreeJS Line](https://threejs.org/docs/#api/objects/Line) whose width is constant (`1px`) regardless of distance. Values are rounded to the nearest decimal for indexing purposes. | 0 |
| linkResolution([num]) | Getter/setter for the geometric resolution of each link, expressed in how many radial segments to divide the cylinder. Higher values yield smoother cylinders. Applicable only to links with positive width. | 6 |
| linkCurvature([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the curvature radius of the link line. Curved lines are represented as 3D bezier curves, and any numeric value is accepted. A value of `0` renders a straight line. `1` indicates a radius equal to half of the line length, causing the curve to approximate a semi-circle. For self-referencing links (`source` equal to `target`) the curve is represented as a loop around the node, with length proportional to the curvature value. Lines are curved clockwise for positive values, and counter-clockwise for negative values. Note that rendering curved lines is purely a visual effect and does not affect the behavior of the underlying forces. | 0 |
| linkCurveRotation([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the rotation along the line axis to apply to the curve. Has no effect on straight lines. At `0` rotation, the curve is oriented in the direction of the intersection with the `XY` plane. The rotation angle (in radians) will rotate the curved line clockwise around the "start-to-end" axis from this reference orientation. | 0 |
| linkMaterial([Material, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for specifying a custom material to style the graph links with. Should return an instance of [ThreeJS Material](https://threejs.org/docs/#api/materials/Material). If a falsy value is returned, the default material will be used instead for that link. | *default link material is [MeshLambertMaterial](https://threejs.org/docs/#api/materials/MeshLambertMaterial) styled according to `color` and `opacity`.* |
| linkThreeObject([Object3d, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for generating a custom 3d object to render as graph links. Should return an instance of [ThreeJS Object3d](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html#api/core/Object3D). If a falsy value is returned, the default 3d object type will be used instead for that link. | *default link object is a line or cylinder, sized according to `width` and styled according to `material`.* |
| linkThreeObjectExtend([bool, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a boolean value for whether to replace the default link when using a custom `linkThreeObject` (`false`) or to extend it (`true`). | `false` |
| linkPositionUpdate([fn(linkObject, { start, end }, link)]) | Getter/setter for the custom function to call for updating the position of links at every render iteration. It receives the respective link `ThreeJS Object3d`, the `start` and `end` coordinates of the link (`{x,y,z}` each), and the link's `data`. If the function returns a truthy value, the regular position update function will not run for that link. | |
| linkDirectionalArrowLength([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the length of the arrow head indicating the link directionality. The arrow is displayed directly over the link line, and points in the direction of `source` > `target`. A value of `0` hides the arrow. | 0 |
| linkDirectionalArrowColor([str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for the color of the arrow head. | `color` |
| linkDirectionalArrowRelPos([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the longitudinal position of the arrow head along the link line, expressed as a ratio between `0` and `1`, where `0` indicates immediately next to the `source` node, `1` next to the `target` node, and `0.5` right in the middle. | 0.5 |
| linkDirectionalArrowResolution([num]) | Getter/setter for the geometric resolution of the arrow head, expressed in how many slice segments to divide the cone base circumference. Higher values yield smoother arrows. | 8 |
| linkDirectionalParticles([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the number of particles (small spheres) to display over the link line. The particles are distributed equi-spaced along the line, travel in the direction `source` > `target`, and can be used to indicate link directionality. | 0 |
| linkDirectionalParticleSpeed([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the directional particles speed, expressed as the ratio of the link length to travel per frame. Values above `0.5` are discouraged. | 0.01 |
| linkDirectionalParticleOffset([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the offset of the directional particles initial position, expressed as a value between 0 and 1, relative to a full position cycle. | 0 |
| linkDirectionalParticleWidth([num, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function, attribute or a numeric constant for the directional particles width. Values are rounded to the nearest decimal for indexing purposes. | 0.5 |
| linkDirectionalParticleColor([str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for the directional particles color. | `color` |
| linkDirectionalParticleResolution([num]) | Getter/setter for the geometric resolution of each directional particle, expressed in how many slice segments to divide the circumference. Higher values yield smoother particles. | 4 |
| linkDirectionalParticleThreeObject([Object3d, str or fn]) | Link object accessor function or attribute for a custom 3d object to use in the directional particles. Should return an instance of [ThreeJS Object3d](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html#api/core/Object3D). Activating this will ignore the set values for the particle's width, color and resolution. | |
| emitParticle(link) | An alternative mechanism for generating particles, this method emits a non-cyclical single particle within a specific link. The emitted particle shares the styling (speed, shape, color) of the regular particle props. A valid `link` object that is included in `graphData` should be passed as a single parameter. ||
| getGraphBbox([nodeFilterFn]) | Returns the current bounding box of the nodes in the graph, formatted as `{ x: [<num>, <num>], y: [<num>, <num>], z: [<num>, <num>] }`. If no nodes are found, returns `null`. Accepts an optional argument to define a custom node filter: `node => <boolean>`, which should return a truthy value if the node is to be included. This can be useful to calculate the bounding box of a portion of the graph. ||
| forceEngine([str]) | Getter/setter for which force-simulation engine to use ([*d3*](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d) or [*ngraph*](https://github.com/anvaka/ngraph.forcelayout)). | `d3` |
| d3ReheatSimulation() | Reheats the force simulation engine, by setting the `alpha` value to `1`. Only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | |
| d3AlphaMin([num]) | Getter/setter for the [simulation alpha min](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#simulation_alphaMin) parameter, only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | `0` |
| d3AlphaDecay([num]) | Getter/setter for the [simulation intensity decay](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#simulation_alphaDecay) parameter, only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | `0.0228` |
| d3AlphaTarget([num]) | Getter/setter for the [simulation alpha target](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#simulation_alphaTarget) parameter, only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | `0` |
| d3VelocityDecay([num]) | Getter/setter for the nodes' [velocity decay](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#simulation_velocityDecay) that simulates the medium resistance, only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | `0.4` |
| d3Force(str, [fn]) | Getter/setter for the internal forces that control the d3 simulation engine. Follows the same interface as `d3-force-3d`'s [simulation.force](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#simulation_force). Three forces are included by default: `'link'` (based on [forceLink](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#forceLink)), `'charge'` (based on [forceManyBody](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#forceManyBody)) and `'center'` (based on [forceCenter](https://github.com/vasturiano/d3-force-3d#forceCenter)). Each of these forces can be reconfigured, or new forces can be added to the system. This method is only applicable if using the d3 simulation engine. | |
| ngraphPhysics([object]) | Specify custom physics configuration for ngraph, according to its [configuration object](https://github.com/anvaka/ngraph.forcelayout#physics-simulator) syntax. This method is only applicable if using the ngraph simulation engine. | *ngraph default* |
| warmupTicks([int]) | Getter/setter for number of layout engine cycles to dry-run at ignition before starting to render. | 0 |
| cooldownTicks([int]) | Getter/setter for how many build-in frames to render before stopping and freezing the layout engine. | Infinity |
| cooldownTime([num]) | Getter/setter for how long (ms) to render for before stopping and freezing the layout engine. | 15000 |
| resetCountdown() | Resets the engine countdown timer to the initial value. Useful when you want to keep the engine ticking for a while after the last user interaction. ||
| onEngineTick(fn) | Callback function invoked at every tick of the simulation engine. | - |
| onEngineStop(fn) | Callback function invoked when the simulation engine stops and the layout is frozen. | - |
| onLoading(fn) | Callback function for notification that data is being loaded asynchronously based on `jsonUrl`. | - |
| onFinishLoading(fn) | Callback function for notification that the component has finished loading data asynchronously. | - |
| onUpdate(fn) | Callback function for notification that the component has started updating and the simulation engine is temporarily paused. | - |
| onFinishUpdate(fn) | Callback function for notification that the component has finished updating, done iterating through the warmup phase (if needed) and the simulation engine has been resumed. | - |
| tickFrame() | This method should be called on each cycle of the global renderer to iterate the underlying force simulation engine and update the nodes/links objects' positions. ||
| resetProps() | Reset all object properties to their default value. ||
| refresh() | Redraws all the nodes/links. ||

### Input JSON syntax

```json
{
    "nodes": [
        {
            "id": "id1",
            "name": "name1",
            "val": 1
        },
        {
            "id": "id2",
            "name": "name2",
            "val": 10
        },
        ...
    ],
    "links": [
        {
            "source": "id1",
            "target": "id2"
        },
        ...
    ]
}
```

[npm-img]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/three-forcegraph
[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/three-forcegraph
[build-size-img]: https://img.shields.io/bundlephobia/minzip/three-forcegraph
[build-size-url]: https://bundlephobia.com/result?p=three-forcegraph
[npm-downloads-img]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dt/three-forcegraph
[npm-downloads-url]: https://www.npmtrends.com/three-forcegraph

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