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python-jsonpath

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A flexible JSONPath engine for Python with JSON Pointer and JSON Patch

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<h1 align="center">Python JSONPath</h1>

<p align="center">
A flexible JSONPath engine for Python.
<br>
We follow <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9535">RFC 9535</a> and test against the <a href="https://github.com/jsonpath-standard/jsonpath-compliance-test-suite">JSONPath Compliance Test Suite</a>.
</p>

---

**Table of Contents**

- [Install](#install)
- [Links](#links)
- [Related projects](#related-projects)
- [Examples](#examples)
- [License](#license)

## Install

Install Python JSONPath using [pip](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/):

```
pip install python-jsonpath
```

Or [Pipenv](https://pipenv.pypa.io/en/latest/):

```
pipenv install -u python-jsonpath
```

Or from [conda-forge](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/python-jsonpath):

```
conda install -c conda-forge python-jsonpath
```

## Links

- Documentation: https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/.
- JSONPath Syntax: https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/syntax/
- Change log: https://github.com/jg-rp/python-jsonpath/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
- PyPi: https://pypi.org/project/python-jsonpath
- Source code: https://github.com/jg-rp/python-jsonpath
- Issue tracker: https://github.com/jg-rp/python-jsonpath/issues

## Related projects

- [JSONPath RFC 9535](https://github.com/jg-rp/python-jsonpath-rfc9535) - A minimal, slightly cleaner Python implementation of RFC 9535. If you're not interested JSONPath sytax beyond that defined in RFC 9535, you might choose [jsonpath-rfc9535](https://pypi.org/project/jsonpath-rfc9535/) over [python-jsonpath](https://pypi.org/project/python-jsonpath/).

jsonpath-rfc9535 also includes utilities for verifying and testing the [JSONPath Compliance Test Suite](https://github.com/jsonpath-standard/jsonpath-compliance-test-suite). Most notably the nondeterministic behavior of some JSONPath selectors.

- [JSON P3](https://github.com/jg-rp/json-p3) - RFC 9535 implemented in TypeScript. JSON P3 does not include all the non-standard features of Python JSONPath, but does define some optional [extra syntax](https://jg-rp.github.io/json-p3/guides/jsonpath-extra).

- [Ruby JSON P3](https://github.com/jg-rp/ruby-json-p3) - RFC 9535, RFC 6901 and RFC 6902 implemented in Ruby.

## Examples

### JSONPath

```python
import jsonpath

data = {
    "users": [
        {"name": "Sue", "score": 100},
        {"name": "John", "score": 86},
        {"name": "Sally", "score": 84},
        {"name": "Jane", "score": 55},
    ]
}

user_names = jsonpath.findall("$.users[?@.score < 100].name", data)
print(user_names) # ['John', 'Sally', 'Jane']
```

### JSON Pointer

We include an [RFC 6901](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901) compliant implementation of JSON Pointer. See JSON Pointer [quick start](https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/quickstart/#pointerresolvepointer-data), [guide](https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/pointers/) and [API reference](https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/api/#jsonpath.JSONPointer)

```python
from jsonpath import pointer

data = {
    "users": [
        {"name": "Sue", "score": 100},
        {"name": "John", "score": 86},
        {"name": "Sally", "score": 84},
        {"name": "Jane", "score": 55},
    ]
}

sue_score = pointer.resolve("/users/0/score", data)
print(sue_score)  # 100

jane_score = pointer.resolve(["users", 3, "score"], data)
print(jane_score)  # 55
```

### JSON Patch

We also include an [RFC 6902](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902) compliant implementation of JSON Patch. See JSON Patch [quick start](https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/quickstart/#patchapplypatch-data) and the [API reference](https://jg-rp.github.io/python-jsonpath/api/#jsonpath.JSONPatch).

> [!WARNING]
> Objects passed to `patch.apply()` and `JSONPatch.apply()` are modified in place, even if a patch operation fails. Use `patch.atomic()` or `JSONPatch.atomic()` if you need to preserve input data on patch failure.

```python
from jsonpath import patch

patch_operations = [
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"foo": {}}},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"bar": []}},
    {"op": "copy", "from": "/some/other", "path": "/some/foo/else"},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo/bar/-", "value": 1},
]

data = {"some": {"other": "thing"}}
patch.apply(patch_operations, data)
print(data) # {'some': {'other': 'thing', 'foo': {'bar': [1], 'else': 'thing'}}}
```

Use `patch.atomic()` or `JSONPatch.atomic()` if you need to preserve input data on patch failure.

```python
import contextlib

from jsonpath import JSONPatchError
from jsonpath import patch

patch_operations = [
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"foo": {}}},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"bar": []}},
    {"op": "copy", "from": "/some/other", "path": "/some/foo/else"},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo/bar/-", "value": 1},
    {"op": "test", "path": "/some/thing", "value": "baz"},  # Always fails
]

data = {"some": {"other": "thing"}}

with contextlib.suppress(JSONPatchError):
    patch.atomic(patch_operations, data)

assert data == {"some": {"other": "thing"}}
```

`patch.patched(ops, data)` and `JSONPatch.patched(data)` apply patch operations to a deep copy of `data`.

```python
from jsonpath import patch

patch_operations = [
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"foo": {}}},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo", "value": {"bar": []}},
    {"op": "copy", "from": "/some/other", "path": "/some/foo/else"},
    {"op": "add", "path": "/some/foo/bar/-", "value": 1},
]

data = {"some": {"other": "thing"}}
patched_data = patch.patched(patch_operations, data)

assert data != patched_data
```

## License

`python-jsonpath` is distributed under the terms of the [MIT](https://spdx.org/licenses/MIT.html) license.

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