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sample-monorepo

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Sample monorepo setup with npm workspaces and typescript project references

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# sample-monorepo

Sample monorepo setup with npm workspaces and typescript project references.

## Getting started

Clone repository and execute the following commands in the root:

- `npm i`
- `npm run build`
- `npm start` - to see the client running in dev-mode (non-minified; with source-maps)
- `npm run start:server` - to see server running (with SSR; client is minified with source-maps)

## Setup explained

### Tooling

- Monorepo is installed using [npm](https://github.com/npm/cli).

- Packages are automatically linked together, meaning you can do cross-package work within the repo.
  - `devDependencies` are common, and only appear in the root `package.json`. Easier to manage and upgrade.
  - Each package has its own `scripts` and `dependencies`. They are being installed in the root `node_modules`, using the same deduping mechanism `npm` uses for single packages.
  - Adding new packages is as simple as dropping an existing package in the `packages` folder, and re-running `npm i`.

- Sources and tests are written in strict [TypeScript](https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript).

- Common base `tsconfig.base.json`.

### Included sample packages

- **[@sample/components](./packages/components)**

- [React](https://github.com/facebook/react) components library.

- **[@sample/app](./packages/app)**

- [React](https://github.com/facebook/react) application.
  - Uses the `@sample/components` package (also inside monorepo).

- **[@sample/server](./packages/server)**
  - [Express](https://github.com/expressjs/express) application.
  - Uses the `@sample/app` package (also inside monorepo).
  - Listens on http://localhost:3000 (client only rendering) http://localhost:3000/server (SSR rendering).

### Basic structure and configurations

```
.github                  // CI flow configuration (GitHub Actions)
packages/
  some-package/
    src/
      test/              // package-specific test folder
        test.spec.ts
      index.ts
      tsconfig.json      // package-specific config, built to "some-package/dist"
    LICENSE              // license file. included in npm artifact
    package.json         // package-specific deps and scripts
    README.md            // shown in npmjs.com. included in npm artifact

.eslintignore            // eslint (linter) ignored directories/files
.eslintrc                // eslint (linter) configuration
.gitignore               // github's default node gitignore with customizations
.prettierignore          // prettier (formatter) ignored directories/files
.prettierrc              // prettier (formatter) configuration
lerna.json               // lerna configuration (needed for deployment below)
LICENSE                  // root license file. picked up by github
package-lock.json        // the only lock file in the repo. all packages combined
package.json             // common dev deps and workspace-wide scripts
README.md                // workspace-wide information. shown in github
tsconfig.base.json       // common typescript configuration
tsconfig.json            // solution-style root typescript configuration
webpack.config.js        // root webpack configuration. inherited by app's webpack config
```

### Styling solutions

This repository aims to _avoid_ showcasing styling solutions in-depth.

Webpack's experimental CSS handling is turned on for the `sanitize.css` library being used, but the infrastructure doesn't contain any asset copying (into `dist` folder) and so doesn't support _local_ css assets.

Each styling solution has its own set of infrastructure requirements.

CSS-in-JS based solutions, for example, probably won't need to worry about it at all, and work without additional setup.

Within Wix, we use [Stylable](https://github.com/wix/stylable), which has its own CLI ([stc](https://github.com/wix/stylable/tree/master/packages/cli)) to build and/or copy `.st.css` files into `dist`.

Full support for source code importing `.css/.scss/.less/.whatever` would require additional building. It would have to be addressed for Node as well, if one wants to execute tests importing these source files.

### Dependency management

Traditionally, working with projects in separate repositories makes it difficult to keep versions of `devDependencies` aligned, as each project can specify its own `devDependency` versions.

Monorepos simplify this, because `devDependencies` are shared between all packages within the monorepo.

Taking this into account, we use the following dependency structure:

- `devDependencies` are placed in the root `package.json`
- `dependencies` and `peerDependencies` are placed in the `package.json` of the relevant package requiring them, as each package is published separately

New `devDependencies` can be added to the root `package.json` using npm:

```sh
npm i <package name> -D
```

Some packages depend on sibling packages within the monorepo. For example, in this repo, `@sample/app` depends on `@sample/components`. This relationship is just a normal dependency, and can be described in the `package.json` of `app` like so:

```json
  "dependencies": {
    "@sample/components": "<package version>"
  }
```

### Deployment

`npx lerna publish` will publish new versions of the packages to npm.

Lerna asks for new version numbers for packages that changed since last release and their dependencies. Every package has a `prepack` script which automatically runs `build` prior to packing.

`npx lerna publish --force-publish` will force a release of _all_ packages, regardless of which ones actually changed.

Deployment of app/server assets to any actual production servers is not shown.

sample-monorepo

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