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sports_viz

★ 55 Open GitHub ↗

code and plots for viz I put on social media

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This repo stores my code and plots for sports-related plots. Any "small" data is stored in the repo. Otherwise, it's saved locally and git-ignored here.

The projects are listed in reverse chronological order. A skipped number corresponds to an idea that I did not end up finishing.

# 91. 2024/25 EPL "What If" Table

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/91-whatif_table/2025-epl-counterfactual-pts.png)

# 90. 2024 MLS Gamestate xGD

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/90-gamestate_xgd/2024-mls-xgd-p90.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/90-gamestate_xgd/2024-mls-playoffs-xgd-p90.png)

# 89. Shooting Overperformance Sensitivity

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/89-shooting_thomas_bayes/shots-needed-overperformance-sensitivity.png)

# 85. 2024 Fantasy Football Season Projections

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/85-ffsimulator_2024/2024-ff-projected-team-wins-2024-09-05.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/85-ffsimulator_2024/2024-ff-projected-team-ranks-2024-09-05.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/85-ffsimulator_2024/2024-ff-projected-team-outcomes-2024-09-05.png)

# 84. 2024 EURO and Copa America "Pacing"

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/84-2024_euro_copa_style/copa-euro-2024-passes.png)

# 82. 2023/24 EPL Points Won and Lost

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/82-points_lost_from_winning_positions/2024-epl-points-won-and-lost.png)

# 81. 2024 MLS Atlanta United Preview

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/81-2023_mls_g_minus_xg/2023_mls_g_minus_xg.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/81-2023_mls_g_minus_xg/2023_mls_prop_duration_init_gamestate.png)

# 80. 2023 MLS Attacking Throw-ins

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/80-mls_long_throw_ins/long-throw-ins-mls-2023.png)

# 79. 2023/24 UCL Round of 16 Relative Opta Rankings

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/79-202324_ucl_club_rankings/ucl-opta-rankings-bump.png)

# 78. [xG Model with Team Quality Features](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/xg-team-quality)

![](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/xg-team-quality/var-imp-compared.png)

![](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/xg-team-quality/compared-calibration.png)

# 77. [2023/24 EPL xGD by Game State](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/fbref-gamestate-expected-goal-difference/)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/77-gamestate_xgd/2023-epl-xgd-p90.png)

# 77. [2023/24 EPL xGD by Game State](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/fbref-gamestate-expected-goal-difference/)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/77-gamestate_xgd/2023-epl-xgd-p90.png)

# 76. 2023 (Personal) Fantasy Football League Luck

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/76-2023_ff_luck/plots/agg-scores-plot.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/76-2023_ff_luck/plots/all-play-record-2023.png)

# 75. [Soccer Meta-Analytics](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/soccer-meta-analytics/)

![](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/soccer-meta-analytics/discrimination-vs-stability.png)

# 74. [2023 Women's World Cup xG Calibration](https://gist.github.com/tonyelhabr/335b54fb1d937c0f8a817defe2c5ab6b)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/74-2023_womens_world_cup_xg/wwc_2023_xg_source_calibration.png "Comparison of Opta's and StatsBomb's xG model calibration for non-penalty shots in the 2023 FIFA Womens' World Cup")

# 73. ["Exceeding Expected Goals" Replication](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/posts/xg-ratio-empirical-bayes/)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/73-exceeding_expected_goals_replication/beyond-replication.png "Top 20 shooting overperformers in the EPL, 2021/22 and 2022/23 seasons")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/73-exceeding_expected_goals_replication/shaw-figure-1-comparison-w-tony-logo.png "Replication of Laurie Shaw's 2016/17 and 2017/18 EPL G/xG Overperformance graph")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/73-exceeding_expected_goals_replication/mls-top-overperformers.png "Top 20 shooting overperformers in the MLS, since start of 2021 season")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/73-exceeding_expected_goals_replication/mls-top-overperformers-shrunken.png "Top 20 low volume shooting overperformers in the MLS, since start of 2021 season")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/73-exceeding_expected_goals_replication/adj-g-xg-ratio-stability.png "Year-over-year stability of adjusted G/xG for the MLS 2013-2023 seasons")

# 72. [2023 Women's World Cup](https://gist.github.com/tonyelhabr/b058e49f0d8d6a0005f1ae982df8f8c4)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/72-2023_womens_world_cup/top_distance_high_speed_sprinting.png "Most distance (m) covered while high speed sprinting, FIFA Women's World Cup 2023")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/72-2023_womens_world_cup/top_sprints.png "Most sprints, FIFA Women's World Cup 2023")

# 71. 2023 Men's U20 World Cup

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/71-2023_u20_world_cup/top_linebreaks_attempted_p90.png "Most line-breaking passes attempted per 90 minutes, FIFA U-20 World Cup 2023")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/71-2023_u20_world_cup/top_distance_high_speed_sprinting_p90.png "Most distance (m) sprinted per 90 minutes, FIFA U-20 World Cup 2023")

# 70. 2023 EPL Team of the Season

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/70-2023_vaep/best_xi_vaep_atomic_p90_w_background_w_logo.png "EPL Team of the Season based on atomic VAEP per 90 minutes, 2022/23 season")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/70-2023_vaep/top_vaep_by_type_plot_w_logo.png "Players with most atomic VAEP in EPL 2022/23 season")

# 66. Club ranking comparison

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/66-compare_club_rankings/biggest_negative_top100_538_diffs.png "538 loves Brasileiro Série A | Biggest club ranking differences where 538 is more bullish than Opta")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/66-compare_club_rankings/biggest_positive_top100_opta_diffs.png "Opta is higher on teams in less known leagues | Biggest club ranking differences where Opta is more bullish than 538")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/66-compare_club_rankings/top_opta_not_in_538.png "538 hates small nations)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/66-compare_club_rankings/big5.png "How similar are the current standings and club rankings for the Big 5 leagues)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/66-compare_club_rankings/bdl.png "Bundesliga standings and club rankings | Opta's ranks tend to be closer to the standings than 538's")

# 65. Opta npxG model calibration

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/65-opta_xg_calib/old_vs_new_xg.png "Comparison of Opta non-penalty expected goals (npxG) | Pre- and post-FBref update (2023-02-08) for Big 5 leagues, 2021/22 season")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/65-opta_xg_calib/overall_calibration.png "Opta npxG calibration | 2017/18 - 2021/22 seasons, Big 5 and other leagues")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/65-opta_xg_calib/footedness_calibration.png "Opta npxG calibration, by body part and footedness | 2017/18 - 2021/22 seasons, Big 5 and other leagues")

# 64. Comparison of FBref's new and old data providers

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/64-fbref_xg_sources/fbref_xg_sources_w_logo.png "FBRef non-penalty goals - xG for Big 5 European leagues")

# 63. 2022 World Cup Height Mismatches

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/63-wc2022_player_height/avg_player_height.png "Short kings vs. Tall boys")

# 62. 2022 USL Championship Finals Preview

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/62-safc/usl_2022_finals_preview_w_logo.png "2022 USL Championship Final Preview")

# 61. Liga MX Shotmap

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/61-sonofacorner_shotmap/liga-mx.png "Non-penalty shot bins for Liga MX's top 6 shooters")

# 60. Card Descriptions

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/60-card_reasons/hand.png "Frequency of 'hand' in text descriptions of yellow and red cards in match news feed for tier 1 and 2 leagues in England, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and the US.")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/60-card_reasons/bad.png "Frequency of 'bad' in text descriptions of yellow and red cards in match news feed for tier 1 and 2 leagues in England, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and the US.")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/60-card_reasons/violent.png "Frequency of 'violent' in text descriptions of yellow and red cards in match news feed for tier 1 and 2 leagues in England, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and the US.")

# 59. Expected Points Deep Dive

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/59-xg_xpoints/calib.png "Calibration of implied match outcome probabilities, 2021/22 - 2021/22 English Premier League")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/59-xg_xpoints/unexpected.png "Which teams had the most unexpected placings)

# 58. Manchester United Loss Tweets

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/58-loss_tweets/manu_tweets_w_logo.png "Player appearances in end-of-match tweets, Manchester United, 2021/22 Premier League")

# 55. 2021/22 EPL Blocked Shots from Outside the Box

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/55-blocks_outside_box/tiled_oob_blocks_w_logo.png "Percentage of outside-the-box shots blocked in 2021/22 Premier League")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/55-blocks_outside_box/oob_blocks_and_shots_w_logo.png "Liverpool not only block shots from outside-the-box at historically low rates, but they also conceded a lower percentage of their shots from outside the box, 2017/18 - 2021/22 Premier League")

# 54. 2021/22 UCL Final Nice Dawgs

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/54-202122_ucl_final/nice_dawgs.png "That boy nice vs. He got that dawg in him plot for players on teams in UCL 2021/22 final")

# 53. 2021/22 Premier League Aerial Duels

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/53-duels/top.png "Who was awarded the most aerial duels won + aerial duels not lost by Opta)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/53-duels/bot.png "Who was awarded the least aerial duels won + aerial duels not lost by Opta)

# 52. Premier League Time to Throw In

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/52-manager_footedness/manager_footedness_w_logo.png "Are Left-Footed Managers in La Liga and the Premier League out of Favor)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/52-manager_footedness/manager_footedness_left_cis_w_logo.png "Uncertainty in Relative Left-Footed Share")

# 50. Premier League Time to Throw In

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/50-throw_in_times/throw_ins-g_state-w_logo.png "How much time do leading teams waste on throw-ins)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/50-throw_in_times/throw_ins-g_state+is_home-w_logo.png "How much time do leading teams waste on throw-ins (including home/away indicator)?")

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/50-throw_in_times/gks-g_state+is_home-w_logo.png "How much time do leading teams waste on goalkicks (including home/away indicator)?")

# 49. Premier League Team Foul Rate by Season

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/49-yellow_cards/fouls_per_match_w_logo.png "Premier League Team Foul Rate by Season since 2012-13")

# 48. 2021-22 Premier League In-game xG Difference

![five horizontal bars per facet, where each facet is for a signle team, each bar represents one of the last 5 games, fill represents proportion of match ahead or behind in xG](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/48-202122_game_state/202122_xg_game_state_w_logo.png "Proportion of match spent ahead or behind in xG")

# 47. [Pass Network Max Cut](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/post/soccer-pass-network-max-cut/)

![pass networks for Liverpool vs. Manchester City 2021-10-03 match, showing weighted max cut values](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/47-formation_symmetry/network-game_id=1549604-max_cut_weighted_norm_w_logo.png "Liverpool vs. Manchester City 2021-10-03 pass networks")

![table showing correlations of various traditional and network stats with xG and xT diff. / 90, showing that weighted max cut is stronger than other network stats and has similar strength to pass-derived stats](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/47-formation_symmetry/game_x_cors_table.png "Game-level Correlations with xG and xT Diff. / 90")

![horizontal error bars facetted on regression type (with or without confounders), showing that weighted max cut diff. / 90 effectively plays no role in describing match outcome in the presense of confounders](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/47-formation_symmetry/team_stat_coefs_w_logo.png "Effect of Weighted Max Cut Diff. / 90 is suppressed by confounders")

# 46. EPL "Rage" Fouls

![spiral chart with minutes played on x-axis and count of rage fouls on y-axis. strands represent one player per sesaon.](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/46-euro_fouls/rage_quit_w_inset_and_cancelo.png "Who rage fouls most frequently)

1.  2021/22 Fantasy Football Luck

![table showing luckiest standing placement in my fantasy football league over the past 2 seasons](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/45-202122_ff_luck/ff_luckiest.png "Lucky players")

![table showing unluckiest standing placement in my fantasy football league over the past 2 seasons](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/45-202122_ff_luck/ff_unluckiest.png "Destined for the Beer Mile)

# 44. MLS Golazos

![error bars showing percentage of shots barely on frame in the MLS and the Big 5 soccer leagues, with MLS as having the highest percentage](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/44-mls_bangers/prop.png "MLS has the highest proportion of direct free kicks on target and near goal frame")

![shotmap of 2021 MLS goals where shot is barely within frame (about 20 shots)](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/44-mls_bangers/shotmap.png "Goals from direct free kicks on target and near goal frame")

![plot of goal frame of shots barely within frame from MLS and big 5 leagues, emphasizing difference in xG on target and xG with size and league with color](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/44-mls_bangers/frame.png "Shots from direct free kicks on target and near goal frame")

# 43. xG Signal

![line plot showing log curve of average xg difference r squared with rest-of-season xg difference, where the curve exceeds 0.5 at around 11 matches](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/43-xg_signal/xg_signal.png "When can we start trusting the xG table)

# 42. 2021-22 Premier League New Players

![faceted waffle plot of 2021-22 english premier league, where each block represents 90 minutes played by new players on a given team, facets are for each team, and blocks are colored by position](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/42-202122_new_players/202122_epl_new_players_w_logo.png "Which squads have had the largest influx of new players this season)

# 41. #USMNT popularity growth drivers

![venn diagram showing mutual follows of @watke\_, @TedLasso, and @USMNT on Twitter](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/41-usmnt_followers/venn.png "Has @watke_ done more for the growth of )

# 40. Significant xG Overperformance

![dumbell plot of 10-game rolling xg/shot and g/shot for harry kane and romelu lukaku over their past 50 matches](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/40-xg_overperformance/overperformance_w_kane_lukaku.png "When do elite scorers like Kane and Lukaku significantly overperform their xG)

![dumbell plot of 10-game rolling xg/shot and g/shot for timo werner over their past 50 matches](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/40-xg_overperformance/underperformance_w_werner.png "What does significant xG under-performance look like)

# 38. Football #viz Twitter

![venn diagram showing about 50 twiter accounts who post soccer viz, grouped by following, frequency of tweets, and frequency of images](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/38-soccer_twitter/venn/Slide1.JPG "Football viz twitter accounts venn diagram")

# 37. CONCACAF'd

![geo-tile map showing average 2nd half stoppage time when matches end in a draw or with a 1 goal difference for CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, and UEFA teams in the Gold Cup, Copa America, and Euros since 2015. Brazil and South American teams (CONMEBOL) have the highest averages](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/37-concacaf/stoppage_time_map_w_img.png "CONCACAF geo-tile map")

![table showing average yellows, reds, fouls, and PKs per match for CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, and UEFA teams in the Gold Cup, Copa America, and Euros since 2015. CONMEBOL teams have a notably higher number of yellows and reds](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/37-concacaf/concacaf_tab.png "CONCACAF vs CONMBEBOL table")

# 36. 2020-21 EPL Team Subreddit Activity

![Chatter plot of most controversial posts on eac 2020-21 EPL Team's Subreddit](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/36-202021_epl_reddit/viz_reddit_controversial_w_logo.png "Chatter plot of most controversial posts on eac 2020-21 EPL Team's Subreddit")

# 35. [Tired: PCA + kmeans, Wired: UMAP + GMM](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/post/dimensionality-reduction-and-clustering/)

![Scatter plot example of visualizing UMAP and GMM, using 2 components and 6 clusters](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/35-probabilistic_clustering/viz_uncertainty_umap_filt.png "Scatter plot example of visualizing of UMAP and GMM, using 2 components and 6 clusters")

# 34. 2020 EUROs Forecast Review

![Table of mean Brier skill score for pre-tournament 2020 EUROs forecasts](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/34-2020_euros_review/tb_compare.png "Table of mean Brier skill score for pre-tournament 2020 EUROs forecasts")

![Table of pre-tournament 2020 EUROs forecasts for champion](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/34-2020_euros_review/tb_champ.png "Table of pre-tournament 2020 EUROs forecasts for champion")

# 33. Relative League Power Rankings

![Relative increase in competition level when moving from league A to B](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/33-2020_euros_ratings/viz_relative_p_vaep_direct2z.png "Relative increase in competition level when moving from league A to B")

![Expected change in xG/90 when moving from league A to B](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/33-2020_euros_ratings/viz_relative_vp_xg_direct2z_fw_young.png "Expected change in xG/90 when moving from league A to B")

![Un-adjusted xG/90 change when moving from league A to B](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/33-2020_euros_ratings/viz_xg_unadjusted.png "Un-adjusted xG/90 change when moving from league A to B")

# 32. 2020 EUROs

![Which 2020/21 Premier League Teams Have the Most Players in the 2020 Euros?](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/32-2020_euros/viz_countries_by_team_w_logo.png "Which 2020/21 Premier League Teams Have the Most Players in the 2020 Euros)

![Match Goals Per 90 for the 2020 EUROs](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/32-2020_euros/cities_w_logo.png "Match Goals Per 90 for the 2020 EUROs")

# 30. EPL Subjective VAR calls

![EPL Subjective VAR calls by Team since 2019-20](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/30-var/viz_var_subjective_w_logo.png "EPL Subjective VAR calls by Team since 2019-20")

# 29. 2020-21 EPL Games Started by Young Players

![Animated Bar Plot GIF of 2020-21 EPL Games Started by Young Players](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/29-202021_u2x/viz_ux.gif "Animated bar plot GIF showing how the youngest 2021-21 EPL team changes as you change the age cutoff used to determine the definition of young")

# 28. 2020-21 EPL Season Review with VAEP

![Best starting 11 players of the 2020/21 Premier League season (arranged in a 4-3-3), according to VAEP (Valuing Actions by Estimating Probabilities). Grealish, Kane, Salah, Jack Harrison, Gundogan, Raphinha, Cresswell, Zouma, Dunk, Alexander-Arnold, Sam Johnstone.](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/28-202021_vaep/viz_team_vaep_p90_w_logo.png "VAEP'S Best XI, 2020-21 EPL")

![Example of how VAEP scores each action in a possession. Example comes from a 2021-04-04 match between Tottenham and Newcastle, in which Kane misses a shot and gets net negative VAEP.](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/28-202021_vaep/viz_vaep_ex_w_logo.png "Visual Example of VAEP")

![VAEP vs. minutes played for the 2020/21 Premier League season. Subplots made for each of four position groupings (Forward/Attacker, Midfielder, Defender, Goalkeeper).](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/28-202021_vaep/viz_vaep_by_pos_w_logo.png "VAEP vs. minutes played, by position")

![VAEP vs. transfer market value for the 2020/21 Premier League season. Subplots made for each of four position groupings (Forward/Attacker, Midfielder, Defender, Goalkeeper).](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/28-202021_vaep/viz_vaep_mkt_by_pos_w_logo.png "VAEP vs. transfer market value, by position")

![VAEP vs. DAVIES for the 2020/21 Premier League season.](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/28-202021_vaep/viz_vaep_davies_compare_w_logo.png "VAEP vs. DAVIES, by position")

# 27. Pep Guardiola Non-UCL Titles

![Table with Pep Guardiola's Non-UCL Titles Won Since His Las UCL Title](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/27-pep/pep.png "Table with Pep Guardiola's Non-UCL Titles Won Since His Las UCL Title")

![Timeline Plot of Champions League Re-matches between Teams from the Same League](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/27-pep/viz_ucl_rematches_manual.png "Timeline Plot of Champions League Re-matches between Teams from the Same League")

# 25. Soccer Referee Activity Across Major Leagues

![Beeswarm Plot of Referee Statistics By League](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/25-202021_soccer_refs/viz_big5_ref_p90.png "Beeswarm Plot of Referee Statistics By League")

# 24. 2020-21 EPL Team Relative Fouling Rate by Game State

![2020-21 EPL Team Fouling Rate Relative to Opponent by Game State](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/24-202021_game_state_fouls/viz_foul_p90_diff_by_state.png "2020-21 EPL Team Fouling Rate Relative to Opponent by Game State")

# 23. European Super League Google Trends

![European Super League Google Trends Animated GIF](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/23-superleague/superleague_timeline.gif "European Super League Google Trends Animated GIF")

# 22. 2020-21 Chelsea Attack Under Tuchel Compared to Lampard

![Heatmaps for Passes, Touches, and Take-Ons for Kai Havertz and Mason Mount under Tuchel vs. Lampard](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/22-202021_epl_tuchel/viz_tuchel_w_logo.png "Heatmaps for Passes, Touches, and Take-Ons for Kai Havertz and Mason Mount under Tuchel vs. Lampard")

## 21. 2020-21 EPL Foul Tanaka Maps

![2020-21 EPL Fouls Drawn by Position Tanaka Map](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/21-202021_epl_heatmap/viz_fouled_by_pos_w_logo.png "2020-21 EPL Fouls Drawn by Position Tanaka Map")

![2020-21 EPL Fouls Drawn by Jack Grealish vs Other Midfielders Tanaka Map](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/21-202021_epl_heatmap/viz_fouled_w_logo.png "2020-21 EPL Fouls Drawn by Jack Grealish vs Other Midfielders Tanaka Map")

![2020-21 EPL Fouls Made by Tomas Soucek vs Other Midfielders Tanaka Map](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/21-202021_epl_heatmap/viz_fouler_w_logo.png "2020-21 EPL Fouls Made by Tomas Soucek vs Other Midfielders Tanaka Map")

## 20. 2020-21 EPL Game State xG

![2020-21 EPL Game State npxG/Shot and Shot/90 Tables](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/20-202021_epl_xg_stats/viz_shot_quality_efficiency_2020_w_logo.png "2020-21 EPL Game State npxG/Shot and Shot/90 Tables")

![2020-21 EPL Game State npxG/90 Table](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/20-202021_epl_xg_stats/viz_npxg_p90_diff_2020_w_logo.png "2020-21 EPL Game State npxG/90 Table")

## 19. Nick Wan New Twitch Followers

![Nick Wan New Follower Time series Lollipops](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/19-nickwan/nick_wan_twitch_followers_w_sliced.png "Nick Wan New Follower Time series Lollipops")

## 18. OptaJoe One-Word Summaries

![OptaJoe One-Word Summaries Bubble Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/18-OptaJoe/bubble_optajoe_wide_w_logo.png "OptaJoe One-Word Summaries Bubble Chart")

## 17. 2020-21 NBA All-Star Break Net Rating Lollipop Chart

![2020-21 NBA All-Star Break Net Rating Lollipop Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/17-nba_allstar_break_nrtg/viz_nba_allstar_break_2021.png "2020-21 NBA All-Star Break Net Rating Lollipop Chart")

## 16. xGPhilosophy xEngagement

![Brighton Engagement Over Expected Table](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/16-xGPhilosopy/tb_ex.png "Brighton Engagement Over Expected Table")

![Brighton 2-3 Man U Actual vs. Predicted Favorites and Retweets Scatter Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/16-xGPhilosopy/viz_preds_ex.png "Brighton 2-3 Man U Actual vs. Predicted Favorites and Retweets Scatter Plot")

![Brighton 2-3 Man U Retweets SHAP Breakdown Bar Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/16-xGPhilosopy/viz_shap_ex.png "Brighton 2-3 Man U Actual vs. Retweets SHAP Breakdown Bar Plot")

![Aggregate SHAP Bar Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/16-xGPhilosopy/viz_shap_agg.png "Aggregate SHAP Bar Plot")

## 15. 2020-21 Fantasy Football Plots

After regular season (week 12)

![2020-21 Fantasy Football Standings Simulation Table](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/15-2020_ff/viz_standings_tile_2020.png "2020-21 Fantasy Football Standings Simulation Table")

After week 7

![2020-21 Fantasy Football Points For vs. Points Against Scatter Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/15-2020_ff/viz_scores_cusum_2020-07.png "2020-21 Fantasy Football Points For vs. Points Against Scatter Plot")

## 14. Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Heat Maps for Soccer Player Tracking

![Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Heat Maps for Soccer Player Tracking](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/14-soccer_nnmf/viz_nnmf_dimensions_1to9_r_smooth.jpg "Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Heat Maps for Soccer Player Tracking")

## 13. Premier League Official Radar Charts

![Anthony Taylor Radar Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/13-soccer_refs/Anthony_Taylor_w_logo.png "Anthony Taylor Radar Chart")

![Mike Dean Radar Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/13-soccer_refs/Mike_Dean_w_logo.png "Mike Dean Radar Chart")

## 12. Comparison of Pitch Control Models

![Comparison of Pitch Control Models](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/12-pitch_control_compare/pc_fb_v_spearman___fb_v_vor.gif "Comparison of Pitch Control Models")

## 11. [Python and R Comparison of Spearman (2017) Pitch Control Model](https://tonyelhabr.rbind.io/post/soccer-pitch-control-r/)

![Python and R Comparison of Spearman (2017) Pitch Control Model](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/11-pitch_control_spearman/viz_pc_823_combined.png "Python and R Comparison of Spearman (2017) Pitch Control Model")

## 10. Soccer Formation Pitch Ownership

![Voronoi tessellation of a 4-3-3 False 9 vs. 5-4-1 Diamond Formation](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/10-soccer_formations/4-3-3-falsenineattack_v_5-4-1-diamond.png "Voronoi tessellation of a 4-3-3 False 9 vs. 5-4-1 Diamond Formation")

## 9. 2020 Champions League Finals, Bayern Munich's Goal

![PSG 0-1 Bayern Munich, UCL 2020 Finals, Animated Pitch Control and VAEP](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/09-2020_ucl_psg_mun_w_vaep/ucl_2020_psg_mun.gif "PSG 0-1 Bayern Munich, UCL 2020 Finals, Animated Pitch Control and VAEP")

## 8. 2020 NBA Playoffs Total Excitement Index

At the end of the playoffs

![2020 NBA Playoffs Total Excitement Index Bar Chart Race](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/08-2020_nba_playoffs_excitement_index/2020_nba_playoffs_excitement_index_20201010.gif "2020 NBA Playoffs Total Excitement Index Bar Chart Race")

As of 2020-09-06

![2020 NBA Playoffs Total Excitement Index Bar Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/08-2020_nba_playoffs_excitement_index/2020_nba_playoffs_excitement_index_20200907.png "2020 NBA Playoffs Total Excitement Index Bar Chart")

## 7. 2020 Champions League Quarter-Finals, PSG's 2nd Goal

***Note: This gif really should have had some smoothing applied. The matrix inversion with `solve()` in the code returns some near infinite values for some inputs.***

![PSG 2-1 Atalanta, UCL 2020 Quarter-Finals, Animated Pitch Control](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/07-2020_ucl_psg_ata/ucl_2020_psg_atl.gif "PSG 2-1 Atalanta, UCL 2020 Quarter-Finals, Animated Pitch Control")

## 6. Texas High School Football and Marching Band Success

![Texas High School Football vs. Band Scatter Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/06-tx_hs/tx_hs_fb_band.png "Texas High School Football vs. Band Scatter Plot")

## 5. NBA 3P% Stability Rate

![NBA 3P% Cumulative Average and Stability Rate Line Charts Animated](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/05-nba_3fg_stability/nba_3p_stability.gif "NBA 3P% Cumulative Average and Stability Rate Line Charts Animated")

## 4. 2020 Soccer Competition-Adjusted Non-Penalty Goals Per 90 Minutes

![Competition-Adjusted Non-Penalty Goals Per 90 Minutes Table](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/04-2020_ucl_npg90_adj/04_ucl_npg90_adj.utf8.png "Competition-Adjusted Non-Penalty Goals Per 90 Minutes Table")

![Competition-Adjusted Non-Penalty Goals Per 90 Minutes Dumbbell Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/04-2020_ucl_npg90_adj/ucl_npg90_adj.png "Competition-Adjusted Non-Penalty Goals Per 90 Minutes Dumbbell Chart")

## 3. 2020 NBA Restart Social Justice Messages

![2020 NBA Restart Social Justice Message Bar Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/03-2020_nba_social_justice/2020_nba_social_justice.png "2020 NBA Restart Social Justice Message Bar Chart")

## 2. 2019-20 English Premier League First 30 Games

[2019-20 English Premier League First 30 Games Points Minus Expected Points Lollipop Chart](02-epl_since_break/epl_before_break_pts_minus_xpts.png "2019-20 English Premier League First 30 Games Points Minus Expected Points Lollipop Chart")

![English Premier League 2019-20 First 30 Games Points vs. Expected Points Scatter Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/02-epl_since_break/epl_before_break_pts_vs_xpts.png "English Premier League 2019-20 First 30 Games Points vs. Expected Points Scatter Plot")

![English Premier League 2019-20 Last 9 Games Simulated Points vs. Actual Points Ridge Plot](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/02-epl_since_break/epl_after_break_pts_sim.png "English Premier League 2019-20 Last 9 Games Simulated Points vs. Actual Points Ridge Plot")

## 1. 2020 NBA Western Conference League Restart Playoff Seeding Probabilities

![2020 NBA Western Conference League Restart Playoff Seeding Probabilities Bar Chart](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tonyelhabr/sports_viz/master/01-nba_seed_p/nba_seed_p.png "2020 NBA Western Conference League Restart Playoff Seeding Probabilities Bar Chart")

# Future Ideas

-   Visualize difference between proportion of the EPL season in which a team is in the top 4 of the league with matchweeks vs. actual time.

-   In which sport is the leading team most likely to further their lead near the end of the game due to an opposition error, overly-aggressive tactics by the opposition, etc.? (End of game depends on the sport. Ideally, we could use a win probability model to help identify end-of-game context, although it would still need some adjustment.) Extension: In which sport are gamblers most likely to lose/win due to a back-door cover?

-   Decision tree to filter down players in a sport to just one player who has achieved a very specific set of career totals/averages (i.e. [inspiration](https://twitter.com/JacobEGoldstein/status/1296570734047686658))

-   Playing time in career at current team sonar ([inspiration](https://twitter.com/reinhurdler/status/1432841015858188288?s=20))

-   Which positions is it ok to have a weak spot at? ([inspiration](https://theathletic.com/2832130/2021/09/19/in-which-positions-can-a-team-have-a-glaring-weakness-but-still-win-the-premier-league-title/))

-   Do coaches sub-off players with yellow cards at a higher rate than they would otherwise?

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