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us-maps

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GeoJSON and TopoJSON map files

// repository documentation

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# Creation process

The maps here were created using the following steps.

## Get raw shape files

### Census
Census files have to be downloaded from a browser. This assumes they are downloaded to ~/Downloads. [us-state/zip/county](http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles2010/main) Available: http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles2010/main

#### States
* Open a browser to: https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles2010/main
* Choose 'States (and equivalent)' and 'Submit'
* Choose 'All states in one national file' for 'State and Equivalent (2010)' and click 'Download'

Then unzip the files:

mkdir -p raw/state && cd raw/state && unzip ~/Downloads/tl_2010_us_state10.zip && cd ../..

#### Counties
* Open a browser to: https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles2010/main
* Choose 'Counties (and equivalent)' and 'Submit'
* Choose 'All states in one national file' for 'County and Equivalent (2010)' and click 'Download'

Then unzip the files:

mkdir -p raw/county && cd raw/county && unzip ~/Downloads/tl_2010_us_county10.zip && cd ../..

#### Zip codes
* Open a browser to: https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles2010/main
* Choose 'Zip Code Tabulation Areas' and 'Submit'
* Choose 'All states in one national file' for '5-Digit ZIP Code Tabulation Area (2010)' and click 'Download'

Then unzip the files:

mkdir -p raw/zcta5 && cd raw/zcta5 && unzip ~/Downloads/tl_2010_us_zcta510.zip && cd ../..

#### Zip Code Tabulated Areas (ZCTA)
* Open a browser to: http://udsmapper.org/zcta-crosswalk.cfm
* Click the link named `ZIP Code to ZCTA Crosswalk` to download the 2016 mappings of zip codes to ZCTA's.
* That file is an Excel Spreadsheet, which can be exported to a CSV format, as done in this repo.

### Medicare

Medicare files can be downloaded directly from [Dartmouth Atlas](http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/)
[hrr/hsa](http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/Tools/Downloads.aspx?tab=35) Available: http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/Tools/Downloads.aspx?tab=35

#### Hospital Referral Regions

curl -O http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/downloads/geography/hrr_bdry.zip
    mkdir -p raw/hrr && cd raw/hrr && unzip ../../hrr_bdry.zip && cd ../..

#### Hospital Service Area

curl -O http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/downloads/geography/hsa_bdry.zip
    mkdir -p raw/hsa && cd raw/hsa && unzip ../../hsa_bdry.zip && cd ../..

Clean up .zip files as needed.

## Convert to GeoJSON

Convert using [gdal](http://www.gdal.org/). On a Mac, you can install gdal with [homebrew](http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/): `brew install gdal`.

ogr2ogr -f "GeoJSON" hsa.geo.json ./raw/hsa/HSA_Bdry.SHP HSA_Bdry
    ogr2ogr -f "GeoJSON" hrr.geo.json ./raw/hrr/HRR_Bdry.SHP HRR_Bdry
    ogr2ogr -f "GeoJSON" state.geo.json ./raw/state/tl_2010_us_state10.shp tl_2010_us_state10
    ogr2ogr -f "GeoJSON" county.geo.json ./raw/county/tl_2010_us_county10.shp tl_2010_us_county10
    ogr2ogr -f "GeoJSON" zcta5.geo.json ./raw/zcta5/tl_2010_us_zcta510.shp tl_2010_us_zcta510

Move the GeoJSON files into the geojson directory

mkdir -p geojson && mv *.geo.json geojson

## Convert to TopoJSON

[TopoJSON](https://github.com/mbostock/topojson) is an extension to GeoJSON that encodes toplogy, resulting in much smaller files. [Nodejs](http://nodejs.org/) is required to run the script. Install topojson using `npm install topojson -g`. No simplification is done on these files. None of the files are combined either, although that is possible. ZCTA file fails when trying to use topojson to convert.

mkdir -p topojson
    topojson --properties HRRCITY --id-property HRRNUM --out ./topojson/hrr.topo.json ./geojson/hrr.geo.json
    topojson --properties HSANAME --id-property HSA93 --out ./topojson/hsa.topo.json ./geojson/hsa.geo.json
    topojson --properties NAME10 --properties STUSPS10 --id-property GEOID10 --out ./topojson/state.topo.json ./geojson/state.geo.json
    topojson --properties NAME10 --properties NAMELSAD10 --id-property GEOID10 --out ./topojson/county.topo.json ./geojson/county.geo.json
    topojson --id-property GEOID10 --out ./topojson/zcta5.topo.json ./geojson/zcta5.geo.json

## Unify and simplify

I wanted some of these files combined into a single TopoJSON, and simplified somewhat to make the size of the map smaller. To do so, the following command was used:

topojson --out ./topojson-simplified/us.topo.json ./topojson/state.topo.json ./topojson/hrr.topo.json ./topojson/county.topo.json
    topojson -s 1 --out ./topojson-simplified/us-s1.topo.json ./topojson/state.topo.json ./topojson/hrr.topo.json ./topojson/county.topo.json
    topojson -s 3 --out ./topojson-simplified/us-s3.topo.json ./topojson/state.topo.json ./topojson/hrr.topo.json ./topojson/county.topo.json

A simplification threshold of `3` retained 150581 / 549117 points (27%), while a level of `1` retained 231768 / 549117 points (42%).

## Reference files

The `reference` directory has lookup files to get names for each of the IDs, as well as getting parent information (e.g. which state is a HRR in).

us-maps

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