fuse_kafka

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developer repository for https://github.com/fuse-kafka/fuse_kafka

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Intercepts all writes to specified directories and send them 
to apache kafka brokers.  Quite suited for log centralization.

Installing
==========

Packages for various distros can be installed from [these repositories](http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/yazgoo/) at [openSUSE Build Service](https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/home:yazgoo/fuse_kafka).

The following should install the new repositories then install fuse\_kafka:

# curl -O \
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yazgoo/fuse_kafka/master/setup.sh \
        && md5sum -c <(echo "99c26578e926eb807a02d7a22c6c2e82  setup.sh") \
        && chmod +x setup.sh && ./setup.sh

(for more options - e.g. to install on a machine with no access to the repos - see 'setup.sh options' section)

Configuration
=============

A default configuration file is available in conf/fuse\_kafka.properties.
An explanation for each parameter is available in this file.
The packages should install it in /etc/fuse\_kafka.conf.

Quickstart (from sources)
=========================

[Here is a capture of a quickstart](http://playterm.org/r/fusekafka-quickstart-1416935569).
([Download it](http://abdessel.iiens.net/fuse_kafka/ttyrecord) - use ttyplay to view)

If you want to test fuse\_kafka, using a clone of this repository.

On Debian and Ubuntu, you should install the following:

*  librdkafka-dev
 *  librdkafka1
 *  libzookeeper-mt-dev
 *  libzookeeper-mt2
 *  libjansson-dev
 *  libjansson4
 *  python

First, build it:

$ ./build.py

On another terminal session, start zookeeper (this will download kafka):

$ ./build.py zookeeper_start

On another one, start kafka:

$ ./build.py kafka_start

The default configuration is conf/fuse\_kafka.properties.
An important piece of configuration is fuse\_kafka\_directories:

$ grep fuse_kafka_directories conf/fuse_kafka.properties -B2

````python
# directories fuse_kafka will listen to (launch script will try to
# create them if they don't exist)
fuse_kafka_directories=["/tmp/fuse-kafka-test"]
````

Start fuse\_kafka using the init script:

$ src/fuse_kafka.py start

If you're not running as root, you might have to make 
/etc/fuse.conf readable by your user (here to all users):

$ chmod a+r /etc/fuse.conf

And allow non-root user to specify the allow\_other option, by adding
a line with user\_allow\_other in /etc/fuse.conf.

If fuse\_kafka is running, you should get the following output when
running:

$ src/fuse_kafka.py status
    listening on /tmp/fuse-kafka-test
    fuse kafka is running

In yet another terminal, start a test consumer:

$ ./build.py kafka_consumer_start

Then start writing to a file under the overlay directory:

$ bash -c 'echo "foo"' > /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/bar

You should have an output from the consumer similar to this:

````yaml
event:
    group: users
    uid: 1497
    @tags:
        -  test
    @fields:
         hostname: test
    @timestamp: 2014-10-03T09:07:04.000+0000
    pid: 6485
    gid: 604
    command: bash -c echo "foo"
    @message: foo
    path: /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/bar
    @version: 0.1.3
    user: yazgoo
````

When you're done, you can stop fuse\_kafka:

$ src/fuse_kafka.py stop

Using fuse_kafka as a machine tail
==================================

If you want to tail all logs from /var/log

$ ./build.py
    $ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./fuse_kafka -- --directories /var/log --output stdout --input inotify --encoder text

This is pretty usefull to quickly see what is currently going on on a machine.

Quota option test
=================

First, commment fuse\_kafka\_quota in conf/fuse\_kafka.properties.
Then, start fuse kafka.

$ src/fuse_kafka.py start

Let's create a segfaulting program:

$ cat first.c

````c
int main(void)
{
    *((int*)0) = 1;
}
````

````shell
$ gcc first.c
````

Then start a test consumer, displaying only the path and message\_size-added fields

Launch the segfaulting program in fuse-kafka-test directory:

````shell
$ /path/to/a.out
````
A new core file should appear in fused directory.

Here is the consumer output:

````shell
$ SELECT="message_size-added path" ./build.py kafka_consumer_start
event:
    message_size-added: 4096
    path: /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/core
...
event:
    message_size-added: 4096
    path: /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/core
````

Here we see many messages.

Then, uncomment fuse\_kafka\_quota in conf/fuse\_kafka.properties and 
launch the segfaulting program,
        
````shell
$ SELECT="message_size-added path" ./build.py kafka_consumer_start
event:
    message_size-added: 64
    path: /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/core
````

This time, we only receive the first write.

Event format
============

We use a logstash event, except the message and command are base64 encoded:

````json
{"path": "/var/log/redis_6380.log", "pid": 1262, "uid": 0, "gid": 0,
"@message": "aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=",
"@timestamp": "2014-09-11T14:19:09.000+0000","user": "root", "group":
"root",
"command": "L3Vzci9sb2NhbC9iaW4vcmVkaXMtc2VydmVyIC",
"@version": "0.1.2",
"@fields": {
    "first_field": "first_value",
    "second_field": "second_value" },
"@tags": ["mytag"]}
````

Installing from sources
=======================

# installing prerequisites
    $ sudo apt-get install librdkafka-dev libfuse-dev
    # building
    $ ./build.py 
    # testing
    $ ./build.py test
    # cleaning
    $ ./build.py clean
    # installing:
    $ ./build.py install

You can add c compiling flags via CFLAGS environment variable:

$ ./build.py CFLAGS=-Wall ./build.py

Using valgrind or another dynamic analysis tool
===============================================

The start script allows to specify a command to append when actually
launching the binary, FUSE\_KAFKA\_PREFIX, which can be used to
perform analyses while running (like memcheck):
    
    FUSE_KAFKA_PREFIX="valgrind --leak-check=yes" ./src/fuse_kafka.py start

Debugging with gdb
==================

You can also debug using FUSE\_KAFKA\_PREFIX, here is how to do so:

$ echo -e "set follow-fork-mode child\nrun\nwhere" > /tmp/gdb_opts
    $ FUSE_KAFKA_PREFIX="gdb -x /tmp/gdb_opts --args" ./src/fuse_kafka.py start

Anti hanging
============

Fuse-kafka must never make your filesystem accesses hang.
Although this should be considered as a major bug, this might happen
since the soft is still young.
You can run a daemon so that any FS hanging
is umounted (the check will occur every minute).
To do so on an installed instance:

# service fuse_kafka_umounter start

To do so on a source based instance:

$ ./src/fuse_kafka.py start

setup.sh options
================

Here are available options:

- `-r`: to do a remote install via ssh: `-r private_ssh_key user@host`
 - `-d`: download and do not install the packages, generating an archive
 - `-f`: install an archive already built via -d: `-f fuse_kafka.tar.bz2`

For example, this will download packages on a remote server:

````shell
$ ./setup.sh -r mykey.pem root@myserver -d
````

This will generate an archive that will be copied locally.
You can then install that archive via:

````shell
$ ./setup.sh -f fuse_kafka.tar.bz2
````

Networking tests
================

A more realistic network setup test can be launched (as root) via:

````shell
$ ./build.py
$ sudo ./build.py mininet
````

This requires [mininet](http://mininet.org).

This will launch kafka, zookeeper, fuse_kafka, and a consumer 
on their own mininet virtual hosts with their own network stacks.
fuse_kafka is running on h3 (host number three).

You can also launch a mininet shell.
For example, if you want to try and write on fuse_kafka host, issue a:

````shell
mininet> h3 echo lol > /tmp/fuse-kafka-test/xd
````

The consumer log is available via (/tmp/kafka_consumer.log).

`quit` or `^D` will stop mininet and cleanup the virtual network.

To debug, you should start having a look at

- /tmp/fuse_kafka.log
- /tmp/zookeeper.log
- /tmp/kafka.log

Logstash input plugin
=====================

A logstash input plugin to read from kafka is available in src/logstash/inputs/kafka.rb

Provided you have kafka installed in . (which `./build.py kafka_start` should do),
you can try it by downloading logastash and running:

````shell
$ /path/to/bin/logstash -p ./src/ -f ./conf/logstash.conf
````

Unit testing
============

To launch unit tests, issue a:

````shell
    ./build.py test
````

C unit test will be launched with gdb.
If you set NO_BATCH environment variable, you will get gdb prompts.

To test against multiple python versions (provided tox is installed), issue a:

````shell
$ tox
````

(see .travis.yml `# prerequisites for tox` to install these versions on ubuntu).

C Unit testing
==============

To run c unit tests, do a:

````shell
$ rm -rf out/ ; mkdir -p out/c ; ./build.py compile_test && ./build.py c_test
````

Working with other logging systems
==================================

Basically, any process that has a file handle opened before fuse_kafka starts
won't have it's writes captured.
Such a process must open a new file handle after fuse_kafka startup,
for example by restarting the process.

For example, If you're using rsyslogd and it is writing to /var/log/syslog,
after starting fuse_kafka on /var/log, you should issue a:

````shell
$ service rsyslogd restart
````

After stopping fuse_kafka, you should also restart rsyslogd so 
it re-acquires a file descriptor on the actual FS.

Benchmarks
==========

Provided you have bonnie++ installed, you can run benchmarks with

````shell
$ ./build.py bench
````

This will generate `bench/results.js`, which you can see via `benchs/benchmarks.html`

Dynamic configuration
=====================

You might want to have fuse_kafka start ahead of most processes.
But when it starts, you might not have all its configuration available yet.
Or you might want to add brokers or use new zookeepers.

Dynamic configuration allows to modify the configuration on the fly.
You will be able to:

* point to new zookeepers/brokers
* update tags, fields
* modify watched directories

Just update your configuration, then, issue a:

````shell
$ sevice fuse_kafka reload
````

Or, if you using the developer version:

````shell
./src/fuse_kafka.py reload
````

To use this feature, you must make sure that /var/run/fuse_kafka.args is accessible to fuse_kafka.

Input plugin
============

You can write your own input plugins in `src/plugins/input`.
An example input plugin is available in `src/plugins/input/example.c`.
A plugin should include:

````c
#include <input_plugin.h>
````

Its entry point is the function:

````c
int input_setup(int argc, char** argv, void* conf)
````

With parameters being:

parameter name | description
---------------|------------
argc           | number of command line arguments (without arguments given after `--` )
argv           | array of arguments
conf           | parsed configuration based on arguments given after `--` (see config.h)

Every process watching a given directory must declared itself with:

````c
void input_is_watching_directory(char* path)
````

It should output it's data using:

````c
void output_write(const char *path, const char *buf,
        size_t size, off_t offset)
````

With parameters being:

parameter name | description
---------------|------------
path           | path of the file where the log line comes from
buf            | buffer containing the log line
size           | size of the log line
offset         | start of the log line in buf

If you require some library, you should refer to its pkg-config name via the macro:

````c
require(your-library)
````

You can specify a target plateform regexp pattern if you want, for example:

````c
target(.*linux.*)
````

Will only build for linux. If not specified, the plugin will 
be built for all target.

Input plugin unit testing
=========================

Each input plugin should have a unit test (with the suffix `_test`).

For example, `src/plugins/input/overlay.c` has a unit test 
`src/plugins/input/overlay_test.c`

As for the rest of the project, we use minunit for that.
Just include `minuti.h` and your plugin source.
Define your unit test functions, as for example:

```C
static char* test_something()
{
    /*...*/
    mu_assert("42 is 42", 42 == 42);
    /*...*/
    return 0;
}
````

And then define an `all_test()` function calling all tests

````C
static char* all_tests()
{
    mu_run_test(test_something);
    mu_run_test(test_something_else);
    return 0;
}
````

and then

````C
#include "minunit.c"
````
Also, you should exclude your test file from code coverage, using:

````C
// LCOV_EXCL_START
/* code to exclude */
// LCOV_EXCL_STOP
````

Output plugin
=============

You can write your own output plugins in `src/plugins/output`.
An example input plugin is available in `src/plugins/output/stdout.c`.
A plugin should include:

````c
#include <output.h>
````

it must define the following function:

````c
int output_setup(kafka_t* k, config* fk_conf)
````

It must set r->rkt to 1 upon success;

It must also define:

````c
int output_send(kafka_t* k, char* buf, size_t len)
````

It can define:

````c
void output_clean(kafka_t* k)
int output_update(kafka_t* k)
````

Unit testing is done the same way as for input plugin.

Write tests
===========

To compare inotify output plugin with overlay output plugin, run:

rm -rf /tmp/zookeeper /tmp/kafka-logs;./build.py write_tests

This will generate two files, /tmp/write_tests.overlay 
and /tmp/write_tests.inotify with the writes received by kafka.

This uses the file write_test.rb

Auditd
======

Maybe you are using auditd and you are logging the accesses to audit.log.
Before starting fuse_kafka, the init script issues a:

auditctl -A exit,never -F path=/var/log/audit/audit.log -F perm=r -F pid=$pid

Which will disable such logging for fuse_kafka so there is no "audit flood".

RPM
===

You can generate an rpm (provided rpm-build is installed) via:

./build.py rpm

This will create a $HOME/rpmbuild directory, and generate the rpm in
/root/rpmbuild/RPMS.

Status
======

To create a status per mount point, here is how we procede:

* Each fuse_kafka process writes its pid and the directories it
watches in /var/run/fuse_kafka/watched

For example, if pid #1649 is watching /var/log, the following file
will be generated:

/var/run/fuse_kafka/watched/var/log/1649.pid

To list watched directories, fuse_kafka.py list such files, and checks if
fuse_kafka is running with such a pid.

If there is no process running or the process is not fuse_kafka, the
.pid will be deleted.

Queue
=====

When the output plugin is not initialized, some events may be lost.
A queue was added to store events and to send them as soon as
the output gets initialized (see queue.c and output_write in output.c).

Windows (mingw)
===============

You need to build jansson, zookeeper and librdkafka separately
Then:

cd src
    ln -s  ../../win32/zookeeper-3.4.6/src/c/include zookeeper
    ln -s  ../../librdkafka/src librdkafka
    cd -
    CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc CFLAGS="-I../win32/dlfcn-win32 -I../win32/zookeeper-3.4.6/src/c/include -I../win32/zookeeper-3.4.6/src/c/generated -I../win32/jansson-2.4/src -DMINGW_VER -D_X86INTRIN_H_INCLUDED" LDFLAGS="-L../win32/jansson-2.4/src -w -L../librdkafka/src -L../win32/zookeeper-3.4.6/src/c/.libs -L/home/yazgoo/dev/win32/jansson-2.4/src/.libs/ -L../win32/dlfcn-win32 -L../win32/zlib-1.2.8/" LIBS="-lws2_32 -lpsapi" ./build.py

For testing purposes, you can run fuse_kafka with wine:

ln -s fuse_kafka fuse_kafka.exe
    cp /usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libwinpthread-1.dll  .
    cp ../librdkafka/src/librdkafka.so.1 .
    cp /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.8/libgcc_s_sjlj-1.dll .
    FUSE_KAFKA_PREFIX=wine ./src/fuse_kafka.py start

Tail
====

It is possible to tail events in kafka using logstash, by doing:

````sh
https_proxy=http://user:password@host:port FUSE_KAFKA_ZK_CONNECT="your zk address" ./build.py tail
````

This will download logstash, and launch src/logstash/inputs/fuse_kafka.rb,
     using conf/logstash.conf as configuration.

Generating self contained archive from sources
==============================================

You can generate an archive with all dependencies with binary_archive target.

For example, to generate an archive for windows, building with mingw:

SRCROOT=/tmp/sources BUILDROOT=/tmp/output CXX=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc CFLAGS="-I$PWD/../out/include -DMINGW_VER -D_X86INTRIN_H_INCLUDED -DWIN32 -DNDEBUG -D_WINDOWS -D_USRDLL -DZOOKEEPER_EXPORTS -DDLL_EXPORT -w -fpermissive -D_X86INTRIN_H_INCLUDED -DLIBRDKAFKA_EXPORTS -DInterlockedAdd=_InterlockedAdd -DMINGW_VER -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0760" LDFLAGS="-L$PWD/../out/lib" LIBS="-lwsock32 -lws2_32 -lpsapi" archive_cmds_need_lc=no LDSHAREDLIBC= ./build.py binary_archive

SRCROOT=/tmp/lolo BUILDROOT=$PWD/../out/ CXX=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc CFLAGS="-I$PWD/../out/include -DMINGW_VER -D_X86INTRIN_H_INCLUDED -DWIN32 -DNDEBUG -D_WINDOWS -D_USRDLL -DZOOKEEPER_EXPORTS -DDLL_EXPORT -w -fpermissive -D_X86INTRIN_H_INCLUDED -DLIBRDKAFKA_EXPORTS -DInterlockedAdd=_InterlockedAdd -DMINGW_VER -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0760" LDFLAGS="-L$PWD/../out/lib -Xlinker --no-undefined -Xlinker --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc" LIBS="-lwsock32 -lws2_32 -lpsapi" archive_cmds_need_lc=no LDSHAREDLIBC= ./build.py binary_archive

This will:

1. download source dependencies into SRCROOT
1. build them and install them in BUILDROOT
1. add additional libraries from wine if we're building for windows
1. download python if we're building for windows
1. create an archive in __../fuse_kafka-$version-bin.tar.gz__

Verbose tracing
===============

You can enable verbose mode via

CFLAGS="-DFK_DEBUG" ./build.py

Encoding
========

You can specify how you want the data written to your output.
See fuse_kafka.properties for possible values.

Docker environment
==================

1. Shippable generates https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/yazgoo/fuse_kafka/
1. For developing, the advised dockerfile is docker/homeship.dockerfile (generated with https://github.com/yazgoo/homeship)
1. For rpm building, the advised dockerfile is docker/rpmbuild.dockerfile

Zookeeper multithreaded or not
==============================

You can use either zookeeper_mt (zookeeper multithread, default) or not (zookeeper_st single threaded).
To use the single threaded version, just set `zookeeper_st=y` environment variable.

Licensing
=========

licensed under Apache v 2.0, see LICENSE file

Tagging
=======

- for versions, use github release tags, for example 0.1.4
- for OBS source release number, we use ligthweight tag: for example the package 
    fuse_kafka-0.1.4-20.1.x86_64.rpm will have a tag 0.1.4-20 (20 being the release number)

Version
=======

To get the version of fuse_kafka you're running, just issue a:

fuse_kafka -- --version

Code of conduct
===============

Please note that this project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct.
By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.
See CODE OF CONDUCT file.

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