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gst.wasm

★ 56 Open GitHub ↗

WebAssembly port of GStreamer

// repository documentation

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`gst.wasm` is a **GStreamer port to WebAssembly**. Its main goal is to implement the support of WebAssembly
in GStreamer (and its dependencies) and bring the changes upstream. This repository is a placeholder to
keep up-to-date information required on how to build, develop, and deploy GStreamer in a browser or in
a `node.js` runtime environment until all the information is finally merged into the corresponding
projects.

## The stack
We use the standard libraries and tools used on GStreamer. The gray boxes are the dependencies and the
green ones are new projects that will become part of mainstream GStreamer.

```mermaid
block-beta
  columns 3
  gst["gst-plugins-web"]:1
  space
  js["js-gstreamer-bindings"]:1
  browser["Browser/Node.js"]:3
  Emscripten:3
  GStreamer:3
  GLib Orc Cerbero
  libffi space meson
  style browser fill:#90e2f7,stroke:#4a7580;
  style gst fill:#cee741,stroke:#728024;
  style js fill:#cee741,stroke:#728024;
  style Emscripten fill:#90e2f7,stroke:#4a7580;
  style GStreamer fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
  style GLib fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
  style Orc fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
  style Cerbero fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
  style libffi fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
  style meson fill:#e6e6e6,stroke:#808080;
```

## Dependencies
GStreamer has plenty of dependencies, especially at the plugin level, but our goal is focused on the
core ones, as shown in the gray boxes of the [above diagram](#the-stack). All dependencies use the
[git-upstream-workflow](https://github.com/fluendo/git-upstream-workflow ) meaning that all branches
will be committed upstream and all features are cumulative.

### GLib
We use the fork at [Fluendo](https://github.com/fluendo/glib) in the [gst.wasm](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/gst.wasm) branch.

We forked the excellent work done by [kleisauke](https://github.com/kleisauke/glib) which is also a fork of [GNOME](https://github.com/GNOME/glib).

The [current status](https://github.com/GNOME/glib/compare/2.76.0...fluendo:gst.wasm) is grouped in the next cumulative branches:

* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-revert-gregex` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-revert-gregex)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-no-g_error` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-no-g_error)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-function-pointer` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-function-pointer)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-wasm-vs-emscripten` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-wasm-vs-emscripten)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-canvas-in-thread` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-canvas-in-thread)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-main-loop-support` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-main-loop-support)
* ⏳ `wasm-2.76.0-garray-fixes` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/glib/tree/wasm-2.76.0-garray-fixes)

### GStreamer
We use the fork at [Fluendo](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer) in the [gst.wasm](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-1.22) branch.

The [current status](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/compare/main...fluendo:gst.wasm) is grouped in the next cumulative branches:

* 🟢 `meson_fix_nls`: Use nls option to set ENABLE_NLS [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/merge_requests/7017)
* ⏳ `RDI-3208-thread-func-return`: GThreadFunc return type fixes [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/merge_requests/10682)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-enable`: Enable support for wasm [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-enable)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-test`: Enable unit tests for wasm [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-test)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-openal`: Add emscripten support OpenAL to play audio [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-openal)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-gl-support`: Add emscripten OpenGL backend [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-gl-support)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-webtransport` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-webtransport)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-wip`: Commits in progress [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-wip)
* ⏳ `wasm-main-dash` [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/gstreamer/tree/wasm-main-dash)
* ⏳ `libav-add-element-groups`: Add element_groups meson option to gst-libav [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/merge_requests/8877)
* ⏳ `fix-disable-mse`: libs: mse: Disable if mse option disabled [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/merge_requests/11467)

### Cerbero
We use the fork at [Fluendo](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero) in the [gst.wasm](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/tree/gst.wasm) branch.

The [current status](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/compare/main...fluendo:cerbero:gst.wasm) is grouped in the next cumulative branches:

* 🟢 `tests`: Bring back tests [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/merge_requests/1471)
* 🟢 `tests2`: Update more tests. Second round [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/merge_requests/1477)
* 🟢 `tests3`: Tests update final round [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/merge_requests/1482)
* 🟢 `local_source`: New type of source that allows you to build a recipe without fetching or copying sources [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/merge_requests/1483)
* 🟢 `packaging`: Enable installation using pip with a git-https repository [(PR link)](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/merge_requests/1484)
* ⏳ `emscripten`: Add support for building for wasm target with emscripten toolchain [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/tree/emscripten)
* ⏳ `emscripten-hbbtv`: Add 'hbbtv' variant with compatibility parameters to run on TV browsers [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/tree/emscripten-hbbtv)
* ⏳ `emscripten-gl`: Add OpenGL support in gst-plugins-base through new Emscripten based WebGL backend [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/tree/emscripten-gl)
* ⏳ `emscripten-fix-function-bitcasts`: Fixes needed to use custom llvm branch fixing function pointer issues [(Branch link)](https://github.com/fluendo/cerbero/tree/emscripten-fix-function-bitcasts)

## Usage

### Samples
We keep on sync all the samples found at [samples](gst.wasm/subprojects/samples) into a [public website](https://fluendo.github.io/gst.wasm/) to test them easily from any browser.

![videotestsrc ball pattern](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fluendo/gst.wasm/main/docs/img/videotestsrc-sample.jpg)

#### Prepare environment

To build an environment, you can use [steps from CI](.github/workflows/build.yaml):

```
poetry install
git config --global protocol.file.allow always
poetry run cerbero -c build/gst.wasm.cbc bootstrap
poetry run cerbero -c build/gst.wasm.cbc run emcc --clear-cache # Needed for our LLVM fork.
poetry run cerbero -c build/gst.wasm.cbc build gst.wasm
```

As a result, in the local directory `build/gst.wasm_web_wasm32/dist/web_wasm32`
you've got all the needed packages with corresponding `*.pc` files, which could be used
to build your project based on the WASM version of GStreamer and its dependencies:

```
$ ls build/gst.wasm_web_wasm32/dist/web_wasm32
bin  include  lib  share
```

#### Running the samples

```
poetry run cerbero -c build/gst.wasm.cbc shell
emrun ./build/gst.wasm_web_wasm32/dist/web_wasm32/share/gst.wasm/samples/videotestsrc-example/videotestsrc-example.html
emrun ./build/gst.wasm_web_wasm32/dist/web_wasm32/share/gst.wasm/samples/openal-example/openal-example.html # Click to hear to the sound.
```

## Development

Refer to the [Development guide ](DEVELOPMENT.md)

### Coding style

Refer to the [Coding Style guide ](CONTRIBUTING.md)

## Resources
* Blog post [GstWASM: GStreamer for the web](https://fluendo.com/en/blog/gstwasm-gstreamer-for-the-web/)
* GstConf2023 presentation [GstWASM: Gstreamer for the web](https://gstconf.ubicast.tv/videos/gstwasm-gstreamer-for-the-web/)
* GstConf2024 presentation [Gst.WASM Launched](https://gstconf.ubicast.tv/videos/gstwasm-launched/)
* GstConf2025 presentation [Gst.WASM Season 3](https://gstconf.ubicast.tv/videos/gstwasm-season-3/)

## Aknowledgements
* Special thanks to [Fluendo](https://fluendo.com) for promoting and funding this project
* To [@kleisauke](https://github.com/kleisauke) for doing the first libffi/GLib to WASM port

gst.wasm

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