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系統程式System Programming SIC組譯器實作範例

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# SIC Assembler

## SIC機器架構
1. 簡化電腦指令ＳＩＣ(Simplified Instructional Computer) SIC與SIC/XE
2. 記憶體 32768 Bytes = 2^15
3. 用來表示記憶體位置之位元數為 15 bits
4. 三個連續的Bytes組成一個 Word => 24 bits
- 暫存器：（五種 每個24bits）
  - A (Accumulator) 累加器：算術運算
  - X (Index register) 索引暫存器：定址
  - L (Linkage register) 連結暫存器：跳到副程式JSUB，儲存返回位置
  - PC (Program counter) 程式計數器：儲存下一個要被執行的位置
  - SW (Status word) 狀態字組

## 指令集
1. 載入和儲存暫存器(LDA、LDX、STA、STX)
2. 算術運算(ADD、SUB、MUL、DIV)
3. 控制(條件跳耀if)
4. 輸入輸出(I/O)

## SIC虛指令
 - START ：指定程式名稱和起始位置
 - END : 結束處並指定程式中第一個執行指令
 - BYTE : 定義字元或十六進位常數 ex: 
    - C 'EOF' = 3 (c計算引號內有多少字元)
    - X 'F1' = 1 (x：計算每2個hex為1 byte, 此例長度為1)
 - WORD : 定義一個字組的整數常數 （長度固定3）
 - RESB : 保留所示數量位元組 ex:
    - (4096)十進位＝(1000)十六進位
 - RESW : 保留所示數量字組 （乘以三）

## 轉換流程
1. 將助記碼(指令)轉乘OP-Code
    - ex: STL => 14
2. 把運算元對應到符號的位置
    - parse 1 : 計算指令位置及標籤（產生符號表）
    - parse 2 : 組譯指令產生目的碼
3. 
    - BYTE C 'EOF' => ASCii 十六進位 454F46
    - WORD 30 => 轉十六進位 00001E
    - RES 不輸出目的碼
    - BYTE X 'F1' => 直接輸出文字F1
    - RSUB 輸出OP Code且後面補滿0
    - BUFFER'X 直接加 8000

## Usage
將此專案clone下來後有兩個執行方法

方法1.
-  利用Eclipse執行
- 注意SIC.txt檔案路徑位置放置於src的上一層資料夾才能正確執行

方法2.
- 利用終端機執行

編譯java檔產出SIC.class
  ```
  $ javac SIC.java 
  ```
    執行SIC應產出 SIC_Final.txt

```
  $ java SIC
  ```

- 注意SIC.txt檔案路徑位要與java放一起才能正確執行

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
```

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