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A Unicode-based case conversion library for Go

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# caps is a case conversion library for go

[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/chanced/caps.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/chanced/caps)
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caps is a unicode aware, case conversion library for Go.

## Supported Case Conversions

The following case conversions are available:

-   Camel Case (e.g. CamelCase)
-   Lower Camel Case (e.g. lowerCamelCase)
-   Snake Case (e.g. snake_case)
-   Screaming Snake Case (e.g. SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE)
-   Kebab Case (e.g. kebab-case)
-   Screaming Kebab Case(e.g. SCREAMING-KEBAB-CASE)
-   Dot Notation Case (e.g. dot.notation.case)
-   Screaming Dot Notation Case (e.g. DOT.NOTATION.CASE)
-   Title Case (e.g. Title Case)
-   Other deliminations

## Install

```
go get github.com/chanced/caps
```

## Example

```go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/chanced/caps"
)
func main() {
	fmt.Println(caps.ToCamel("http request"))
	// Output:
	// HTTPRequest
	fmt.Println(caps.ToLowerCamel("some_id"))
	// Output:
	// someID
	fmt.Println(caps.ToLowerCamel("SomeID", caps.WithReplaceStyleCamel()))
	// Output:
	// someId

// Alternatively:
	capsJS := caps.New(caps.Config{
		AllowedSymbols: "$",
		ReplaceStyle:   caps.ReplaceStyleCamel,
	})
	fmt.Println(capsJS.ToCamel("SomeID"))
	// Output:
	// someId
}

```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/bJvbMAmtZzV)

## Word boundaries

Word boundaries are determined by the `caps.Converter`. The provided implementation, `caps.StdConverter`,
delegates the boundary detection to `caps.Tokenizer`. The provided implementation, `caps.StdTokenizer`,
uses the following rules:

-   The following characters are considered word breaks `" _.!?:;$-(){}[]#@&+~"` unless present in `AllowedSymbols`
-   Strings with all upper case characters are split by the above symbols or by
    numbers, unless the character is allowed in a number based on the following rules:
    -   'v' or 'V' followed by numbers
    -   '.' before/after a number and only once
    -   'e' or 'E' if in the fractional part of a number and only once
    -   '-', '+' if at the start and followed by either a number or '.' and a
        number or in the fractional part proceeded by 'e' or 'E'
    -   additional rules can be added through the number rules (e.g. `WithNumberRules`)
    -   NOTE: If '.', '+', '-' are not in the `AllowedSymbols` they are
        considered breaks even for numbers
-   When a string consists of both upper case and lower case letters, upper case
    letters are considered boundaries (e.g. `"ThisVar"` would be tokenized into `["This", "Var"]`)
-   When mixed with lower and upper case characters, sequences of upper case are
    broken up into token strings (e.g. `"SomeID"` would be tokenized into `["Some", "I", "D"]`).
-   Replacement rules are then evaluated based on the token strings, which may
    combine them based on the rules below.

## Replacements

`caps.StdConverter` also allows users to register `caps.Replacement`s for
initialism replacements. Each `Replacement` is indexed in a trie (see
[Index](https://github.com/chanced/caps/blob/main/index/index.go)).

-   Multi-rune token strings are searched independently unless followed by a number (e.g.
    `"ID"`, `"UTF8"`).
-   Sequences of single rune token (e.g.`["U", "U", "I", "D"]`) are
    evaluated as a potential `Replacement` until a non-match is
    found or the sequence is broken by a token string with more than one rune.

### Default replacements

```go
{"Acl", "ACL"}
{"Api", "API"}
{"Ascii", "ASCII"}
{"Cpu", "CPU"}
{"Css", "CSS"}
{"Dns", "DNS"}
{"Eof", "EOF"}
{"Guid", "GUID"}
{"Html", "HTML"}
{"Http", "HTTP"}
{"Https", "HTTPS"}
{"Id", "ID"}
{"Ip", "IP"}
{"Json", "JSON"}
{"Lhs", "LHS"}
{"Qps", "QPS"}
{"Ram", "RAM"}
{"Rhs", "RHS"}
{"Rpc", "RPC"}
{"Sla", "SLA"}
{"Smtp", "SMTP"}
{"Sql", "SQL"}
{"Ssh", "SSH"}
{"Tcp", "TCP"}
{"Tls", "TLS"}
{"Ttl", "TTL"}
{"Udp", "UDP"}
{"Ui", "UI"}
{"Uid", "UID"}
{"Uuid", "UUID"}
{"Uri", "URI"}
{"Url", "URL"}
{"Utf8", "UTF8"}
{"Vm", "VM"}
{"Xml", "XML"}
{"Xmpp", "XMPP"}
{"Xsrf", "XSRF"}
{"Xss", "XSS"}
```

If you would like to add or remove entries from that list, you have a few
options. See below.

## Customizing the `Converter`

### Using caps.Caps

This is likely your best option. You can create and utilize an instance of
`caps.Caps` which has all of the conversions as methods:

```go
package main

import (
	"fmt"

"github.com/chanced/caps"
)

func main() {
	c := caps.New(caps.Config{
		Replacements: []caps.Replacement{
			{Camel: "Ex", Screaming: "EX"},
			// ... your replacements
		},
	})
	fmt.Println(c.ToCamel("some ex"))
	// Output:
	// SomeEX
}
```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/8G6Yl-9I030)

### Creating isolated `caps.StdConverter` instances

You can pass a new instance of `caps.StdConverter` with a new set of
`caps.Replacement`.

```go
    package main
    import (
        "fmt"
        "github.com/chanced/caps"
        "github.com/chanced/caps/token"
    )
    func main() {
        replacements := []caps.Replacement{
            {"Ex", "EX" },
            // ... your replacements
        }
        converter := caps.NewConverter(replacements, caps.DefaultTokenizer, token.DefaultCaser)
        fmt.Println(caps.ToCamel("ex id", caps.WithConverter(converter)))
        // note: ID was not in the replacement list above
        // Output:
        // "EXId"
       fmt.Println(caps.ToCamel("ex id"))
        // Output:
        // ExID
    }
```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/jlFAj3ujhTW)

### Modifying the `caps.DefaultConverter` global

You can update `caps.DefaultConverter`. You should set it before you make any
conversions. Otherwise, you'll need guard your usage of the library accordingly
(e.g. a mutex).

```go
package main

import (
	"fmt"

"github.com/chanced/caps"
)

func main() {
	converter, _ := caps.DefaultConverter.(caps.StdConverter)
	converter.Set("Gcp", "GCP")
	fmt.Println(caps.ToCamel("some_gcp_var"))
	// Output:
	// SomeGCPVar
}

```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/GcEHFAR8zHK)

### Creating a custom `caps.Converter`

Finally, if you are so inclined, you can create your own `caps.Converter`. This
could be as simple as implementing the single `Convert` method, calling
`caps.DefaultConverter.Convert`, and then modifying the result.

```go
package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/chanced/caps"
)
type MyConverter struct{}
func (MyConverter) Convert(req caps.ConvertRequest) string {
    res := caps.DefaultConverter.Convert(req)
    if req.Style.IsLowerCamel() && req.ReplaceStyle.IsCamel() && res == "id" {
        return "_id"
    }
    return res
}
func main() {
    fmt.Println(caps.ToLowerCamel("ID", caps.WithReplaceStyleCamel(), caps.WithConverter(MyConverter{})))
    // Output:
    // _id
}
```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/kmtwZlP41S9)

## Support for special case unicode (e.g. Turkish, Azeri)

caps supports Turkish and Azeri through the `token.Caser` interface. It is
satisfied by `unicode.TurkishCase` and `unicode.AzeriCase`. `token.TurkishCaser`
and `token.AzeriCaser` are available as pointers to those variables (although
you can use the unicode variables directly).

For example, to use Turkish, you would need to instantiate a few variables:

```go
package main
import (
    "github.com/chanced/caps"
    "github.com/chanced/caps/token"

)
func main() {
    tokenizer := caps.NewTokenizer(caps.DEFAULT_DELIMITERS, token.TurkishCaser)
    // I suppose these would need to be specific to Turkish?
    // if not, you can just use caps.DefaultReplacements
    replacements := []caps.Replacement{
        { Camel: "Http", Screaming: "HTTP" }, // just an example
    }
    turkish := caps.NewConverter(replacements, tokenizer, token.TurkishCaser)

// to use this as your default throughout your application
    // you can overwrite caps.DefaultConverter
    //
    // caps.DefaultConverter = turkish
    //
    // otherwise, you can pass in the converter to the config for each call:
    fmt.Println(caps.ToScreamingKebab("i ı", caps.WithConverter(turkish)))
    // Output:
    // İ-I
}
```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/aKfuU5eZJgp)

## text pkg

The `text` package contains two types:

-   `Text` which has all of the case conversions and relevant functions from strings as methods.
-   `Texts` which is a sortable slice of Text with a few helper methods

```go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/chanced/caps/text"
)

func main() {
	t := text.Text("Hello World")
	for _, p := range t.ToKebab().Split("-") {
		fmt.Println(p)
	}
	// Output:
	// hello
	// world
}
```

[go playground link](https://go.dev/play/p/MOYKz4ySpAv)

## Benchmarks

```
input: "Example Uuid."
```

```
goos: darwin
goarch: arm64
pkg: github.com/chanced/caps
```

Using a `caps.Caps` instance:

```
BenchmarkCapsToTitle
BenchmarkCapsToTitle-10                   	 2488982	       470.2 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToCamel
BenchmarkCapsToCamel-10                   	 2474846	       467.8 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToLowerCamel
BenchmarkCapsToLowerCamel-10              	 2650843	       451.0 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToSnake
BenchmarkCapsToSnake-10                   	 2619945	       456.9 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingSnake
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingSnake-10          	 2591302	       461.9 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToKebab
BenchmarkCapsToKebab-10                   	 2621020	       457.0 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingKebab
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingKebab-10          	 2593428	       466.3 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToDotNotation
BenchmarkCapsToDotNotation-10             	 2575178	       463.0 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingDotNotation
BenchmarkCapsToScreamingDotNotation-10    	 2526782	       472.8 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
```

Using top-level functions:

```
BenchmarkToTitle
BenchmarkToTitle-10                       	 2316468	       519.1 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToCamel
BenchmarkToCamel-10                       	 2327542	       516.8 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToLowerCamel
BenchmarkToLowerCamel-10                  	 2372518	       505.3 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToSnake
BenchmarkToSnake-10                       	 2337992	       511.8 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToScreamingSnake
BenchmarkToScreamingSnake-10              	 2313232	       518.8 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToKebab
BenchmarkToKebab-10                       	 2333046	       513.7 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToScreamingKebab
BenchmarkToScreamingKebab-10              	 2274729	       521.3 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToDotNotation
BenchmarkToDotNotation-10                 	 2319278	       511.0 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
BenchmarkToScreamingDotNotation
BenchmarkToScreamingDotNotation-10        	 2310217	       518.5 ns/op	     200 B/op	       8 allocs/op
```

## License

MIT

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