UnityRuntimeCompressedTexturePacker

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UnityRuntimeCompressedTexturePacker

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A Unity runtime utility that dynamically packs compressed textures to atlases to optimize VRAM and draw calls.(currently .astc only support)

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# UnityRuntimeCompressedTexturePacker
A utility for the Unity runtime that dynamically generates packed atlases from compressed textures to optimize VRAM and DrawCalls.

[日本語はコチラ](README.ja.md)

## Supported Files
- astc (ASTC_4x4, ASTC_5x5, ASTC_6x6, ASTC_8x8, ASTC_10x10, ASTC_12x12)
- dds (BC1, BC3, BC7)
- ktx (ETC2_RGB, ETC2_RGBA1, ETC_RGBA8, ASTC_4x4, ASTC_5x5, ASTC_6x6, ASTC_8x8, ASTC_10x10, ASTC_12x12)

If you want to handle KTX2 or Basis Universal, please consider using KTX for Unity or similar tools.

## Command Examples for Creating Compressed Textures
When using these in Unity, YFlip is required.

### Generating .astc Textures
- Supported Formats: ASTC format only
- Tool Used: https://github.com/ARM-software/astc-encoder

```cmd
:: 4x4, 5x5, 6x6, 8x8, 10x10, 12x12
astcenc -cs input.png output.astc 4x4 -exhaustive -yflip
```

### KTX version 1 Texture Files
- Supported Formats: ETC2 format, ASTC format
- Tool Used: https://developer.imaginationtech.com/solutions/pvrtextool/

```cmd
:: ETC2_RGB_A1, ETC2_RGB, ETC2_RGBA
PVRTexToolCLI -i test.png -o test.ktx -flip y -f ETC2_RGB_A1,UBN,sRGB -ics sRGB -q etcslow

:: ASTC_4x4, ASTC_5x5, ASTC_6x6, ASTC_8x8, ASTC_10x10, ASTC_12x12
PVRTexToolCLI -i test.png -o test.ktx -flip y -f ASTC_4x4,UBN,sRGB -ics sRGB -q astcexhaustive
```

### DDS Files
- Supported Formats: BC1 (DXT1), BC3 (DXT5), BC7
- Tool Used: https://github.com/microsoft/DirectXTex/releases

```cmd
:: BC7_UNORM, BC3_UNORM, BC1_UNORM
Texcov -f BC7_UNORM test.png -nogpu -y -srgi -srgbo -vflip
```

<details><summary>## Other Information</summary>

### AMD Compressonator
https://gpuopen.com/compressonator/

AMD Compressonator can export textures compressed to BC1, BC3, and BC7 into DDS and KTX formats. 
However, since it cannot perform Y-flip, it is not possible to export textures that can be correctly loaded in Unity with a single command.

Convert to DDS:
```cmd
:: BC1 / BC3 / BC7
compressonatorcli -fd BC7 -Quality 1.0 test.png test.dds
```

Convert to KTX:
```cmd
:: BC1 / BC3 / BC7
compressonatorcli -fd BC7 -Quality 1.0 test.png test.ktx
```

### ImageMagick
https://imagemagick.org/#gsc.tab=0

ImageMagick is famous as open software for image conversion, but it is rarely used for game purposes. 
It can convert images to BC1 and BC3 DDS formats.

```cmd
:: dxt1 (BC1), dxt5 (BC3)
magick input.png -flip -define dds:compression=dxt5 output.dds
```

</details>

## Sample Code

### Notes
The supported Texture formats vary depending on the runtime platform you are running on. 
You need to check if the TextureAtlas you are trying to create can be created in the current execution environment using `SystemInfo.SupportsTextureFormat`. 
* When running in the Editor, there is a Decompressor, so even unsupported Textures can be loaded. However, this may not be possible in a built app. 
 
[Click here for details](https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/texture-choose-format-by-platform.html)

### Loading a Single File

#### Synchronous loading ( exclude Web runtimes)
```csharp
public Texture2D LoadRawTexture(){
 string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test.astc");
 // Stores the contents read from the file into NativeArray<byte>
 using( var fileBinary = UnsafeFileReadUtility.LoadFileSync(path, Unity.Collections.Allocator.Temp) ){
 // Determines the appropriate file format object based on the file binary
 var textureFormatFile = TextureFileFormatUtility.GetTextureFileFormatObject(fileBinary);
 // Loads the Texture from the created object
 var texture = textureFormatFile.LoadTexture(fileBinary);
 return texture;
 }
 return null;
}
```

#### All platform (WebRuntime requires Asynchronous loading.)
```csharp
public async Awaitable<Texture2D> LoadRawTexture(){
 string url = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test.astc");

using (var fileBinary = await UnsafeFileReadUtility.LoadAsync(url)){
        var textureFormatFile = TextureFileFormatUtility.GetTextureFileFormatObject(fileBinary);
        var texture = textureFormatFile.LoadTexture(fileBinary);
        return texture;
    }
}
```

### Loading Texture Files and Packing them into an Atlas

#### Asynchronous Loading with async
```csharp
// Object
private AutoAtlasBuilder autoAtlasBuilder;

// Start asynchronous load
public async void AsyncLoadStart(){
    this.autoAtlasBuilder = new AutoAtlasBuilder(1024, 1024, targetTextureFormat);
    // Specify files to load
    string[] loadFiles = {
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test1.astc"),
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test2.astc"),
    };
    // The return value will contain the list of loaded sprites
    var sprites = await autoAtlasBuilder.LoadAndPackAsync(loadFiles);
    foreach (var sprite in sprites){
        // Null will be assigned if loading fails
        if(sprite == null){
            continue;
        }
        // Do something with the sprite
    }
    this.autoAtlasBuilder.ReleaseBuffers();
}

// Please call Dispose when it is destroyed
void OnDestroy(){
    this.autoAtlasBuilder.Dispose();
}
```

#### Synchronous Loading (Not supported on Web *Web is currently entirely unsupported)
```csharp
// Object
private AutoAtlasBuilder autoAtlasBuilder;

// Processing part
public void LoadAndPack(){
    this.autoAtlasBuilder = new AutoAtlasBuilder(1024, 1024, targetTextureFormat);
    // Specify files to load
    string[] loadFiles = {
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test1.astc"),
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test2.astc"),
    };
    // The return value will contain the list of loaded sprites
    var sprites = autoAtlasBuilder.LoadAndPack(loadFiles);
    foreach (var sprite in sprites){
        // Null will be assigned if loading fails
        if(sprite == null){
            continue;
        }
        // Do something with the sprite
    }
    // If there is no need to pack additional Textures, clear the file loading buffer.
    this.autoAtlasBuilder.ReleaseBuffers();
}

// Please call Dispose when it is destroyed
void OnDestroy(){
    this.autoAtlasBuilder.Dispose();
}
```

#### Asynchronous Loading with Coroutine
```csharp
// Object for Atlas creation
private AutoAtlasBuilder autoAtlasBuilder;

// Start asynchronous load with Coroutine
public void AsyncLoadStart(){
    // Specify the size and format of the Atlas texture.
    this.autoAtlasBuilder = new AutoAtlasBuilder(1024, 1024, TextureFormat.ASTC_4x4);
    // Specify files to load
    string[] loadFiles = {
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test1.astc"),
        System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath, "test2.astc"),
    };
    // Start the coroutine using the return value of LoadAndPackAsyncCoroutine
    this.StartCoroutine(autoAtlasBuilder.LoadAndPackAsyncCoroutine(loadFiles, this.OnCompleteLoadAndPack, OnFailedLoadFile));
}

// Callback for when packing is complete
private void OnCompleteLoadAndPack(IEnumerable<Sprite> sprites){
 var texture = autoAtlasBuilder.texture;
 foreach (var sprite in sprites){
 // Null will be assigned if loading fails
 if(sprite == null){
 continue;
 }
 // Do something with the sprite
 }
 // If there is no need to pack additional Textures, clear the file loading buffer.
 this.autoAtlasBuilder.ReleaseBuffers();
}

// Handling for when file loading fails
private void OnFailedLoadFile(string file, AtlasFailedReason reason, int width, int height){
    Debug.LogError("Failed LoadFile " + file + "::" + reason + "::" + width + "x" + height);
}

// Please call Dispose when it is destroyed
void OnDestroy(){
    this.autoAtlasBuilder.Dispose();
}
```

### Sample: Reusing the Same Atlas while Swapping Many Sprites 
*(e.g., displaying a large number of icons in a ScrollView)*

```csharp
// Object that manages the atlas, etc.
private RecycleAtlasForFixedSizeImages recycleAtlasForFixed;

// List of icon files to be loaded
private List<string> iconFiles{
 get{
 var iconFiles = new List<string>();
 for(int i = 0; i < 50; ++i){
 iconFiles.Add( System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.streamingAssetsPath,string.Format("icon{0:000}.astc", i) ) );
 }
 return iconFiles;
 }
}
// Icon index that needs to be loaded
private int index = 0;

// Upon initialization
void Awake(){
    // Create the object by specifying the Texture Atlas size, format, and the size of the icons to be loaded
    this.recycleAtlasForFixed = new RecycleAtlasForFixedSizeImages(1024, 1024, textureFormat, 256, 256);
}

// Update process
void Update(){
 var icons = iconFiles;
 for(int i = index ; i < index + 5 && i < icons.Count; ++i ){
 // Request by passing the file path every frame.
 // If the Atlas becomes full, older requests will be discarded first.
 // Returns the Sprite corresponding to the file if it has been created. If null is returned, it is currently loading.
 var sprite = this.recycleAtlasForFixed.Request( icons[i] );
 }
}

// Please call Dispose when it is destroyed
void OnDestroy(){
  recycleAtlasForFixed.Dispose();
}
```

### Supporting Custom Formats (e.g., Encrypted Files)

To support custom formats, you need to do the following two things:
 - 1. Implement a struct/class that inherits from `ITextureFileFormat`
 - 2. Add a file format detection process using the `TextureFileFormatUtility.SetAppendFormatDelagete`

```csharp
/// 1. Implement a class that inherits from ITextureFileFormat

/// <summary>
/// Encrypted file texture format (Custom)
/// </summary>
public class EncryptedTextureFileFormat : ITextureFileFormat{
 // First 4 bytes Signature
 private const uint Signature = 0x5446594DU;
 // XOR Encryption Key
 private const uint EncryptKey = 0x20534444U;

// Texture width
    private uint textureWidth;
    // Texture height
    private uint textureHeight;
    // Texture format
    private TextureFormat format;

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Texture width
 /// </summary>
 public int width => (int)textureWidth;

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Texture height
 /// </summary>
 public int height => (int)textureHeight;

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Texture format
 /// </summary>
 public TextureFormat textureFormat => format;

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Is it a valid Texture?
 /// </summary>
 public bool IsValid => (width > 0 && height > 0);

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Returns the actual texture without Mipmaps from the file contents
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileBinary">File contents</param>
 /// <returns>Returns the created texture bytes</returns>
 public NativeArray<byte> GeImageDataWithoutMipmap(NativeArray<byte> fileBinary)
 {
 NativeArray<byte> bytes = new NativeArray<byte>(fileBinary.Length - 16, Allocator.Temp);

unsafe{
 uint* src = (uint*)(fileBinary.GetUnsafePtr()) + 4;
 uint* dst = (uint*)(bytes.GetUnsafePtr());
 int size = (fileBinary.Length - 16) / 4;
 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++){
 *dst = *src ^ EncryptKey;
 ++dst; ++src;
 }
 }
 return bytes;
 }

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Load header
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileBinary">File contents</param>
 /// <returns>Returns false if loading fails</returns>
 public bool LoadHeader(NativeArray<byte> fileBinary){
 if(fileBinary.Length < 16) { 
 return false;
 }
 this.textureWidth = BytesToOtherTypesUtility.ReadUintFast(fileBinary, 4);
 this.textureHeight = BytesToOtherTypesUtility.ReadUintFast(fileBinary, 8);
 this.format = (TextureFormat)BytesToOtherTypesUtility.ReadUintFast(fileBinary, 12);
 return true;
 }

/// <summary>
 /// [interface implementation] Load Texture
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileBinary">File contents</param>
 /// <param name="isLinearColor">Is it linear color?</param>
 /// <param name="useMipmap">Should Mipmaps be considered?</param>
 /// <returns>Created Texture</returns>
 public Texture2D LoadTexture(NativeArray<byte> fileBinary, bool isLinearColor = false, bool useMipmap = false){
 // Create texture without considering Mipmaps
 return TextureFileFormatUtility.CreateTextureWithoutMipmap(this, fileBinary, isLinearColor);
 }

/// <summary>
 /// Looks at the first bytes and returns whether it matches this format.
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileBinary">Binary data of the file</param>
 /// <returns>True if the Signature matches</returns>
 public static bool SignatureValid(NativeArray<byte> fileBinary){
 var signature = BytesToOtherTypesUtility.ReadUintFast(fileBinary, 0);
 return (signature == Signature);
 }
}
```

```csharp
/// 2. Configuration for TextureFileFormatUtility.appendFormatDetelctFuncction

/// Process at initialization
[RuntimeInitializeOnLoadMethod]
static void RegisterFileFormats(){
    TextureFileFormatUtility.SetAppendFormatDelagete(GetAppTextureFileFormat);
}

/// Looks at the contents of the file and determines the Texture type
private static ITextureFileFormat GetAppTextureFileFormat(NativeArray<byte> fileBinary){
 if (EncryptedTextureFileFormat.SignatureValid(fileBinary)) {
 return new EncryptedTextureFileFormat();
 }
 // Returning NullTextureFile will trigger the system default detection.
 return new NullTextureFile();
}
```

## Included Package Samples
This package includes multiple runnable samples. 
[Click here for the Web runtime demo](https://wotakuro.github.io/UnityRuntimeCompressedTexturePacker/) 
[Click here for details](Documentation~/Samples.md)

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